•^-^ 


A  TREATISE 


ON 


'  ¥  a  3i<    S  0  ^^  ^  3i^ 


AND  HIS  DISEASES; 

CONTAINING 

AH  "index  of  diseases,"  which  gives   the   STIVIPTOMS,  CAUSE,  AND 
THE  BEST  TREATMENT  OF    EACH  ;    A  TABLE  GIVING  ALL  THE  PRIN- 
CIPAL   DRUGS    USED    FOR   THE   HORSE,    WITH   THE    ORDINARY 
DOSE,  EFFECTS,  AND  ANTIDOTE  WHEN  A  POISON  ;    A  TA- 
BLE WITH    AN    ENGRAVING  OF   THE  HORSE's   TEETH 
AT  DIFFERENT  AGES,  WITH  RULES  FOR  TELLING 
THE    AGE    OF    THE    HORSE  ;    A   VALUABLE 
COLLECTION     OF     RECEIPTS,     AND 
MUCH     OTHER 

VALUABLE  INFORMATION. 

BY 

^J       DR.  B.  J.  KENDALL  &  CO.,   ENOSBURGH  FALLS,  VT. 


REVISED     EDITION. 


\  CHICAGO: 

\  MAVBt  MoNAUCT  Jk  Co.,   PbINTSBI  aits  JlMeRATXR» 

1890. 

\\\  \ 


'^-^ 


A  TREATISE 


ON 


'  ¥  a  3^  a  0  f(  ^  5^ 

AND  HIS  DISEASES; 


CONTAINING 

AN  **  INDEX  OF  DISEASES,"  WHICH  GIVES   THE   SYMPTOMS,  CAUSE,  AND 
THE  BEST  TREATMENT  OF    EACH  ;    A  TABLE  GIVING  ALL  THE  PRIN- 
CIPAL   DRUGS    USED    FOR   THE   HORSE,    WITH   THE    ORDINARY 
DOSE,  EFFECTS,  AND  ANTIDOTE  WHEN  A  POISON  ;    A  TA- 
BLE WITH    AN    ENGRAVING  OF   THE  HORSE's   TEETH 
AT  DIFFERENT  AGES,  WITH  RULES  FOR  TELLING 
THE    AGE    OF    THE    HORSE  ;    A    VALUABLE 
COLLECTION     OF     RECEIPTS,     AND 
MUCH     OTHER 

VALUABLE  INFORMATION. 

BY 

^J       DR.  B.  J.  KENDALL  &  CO.,   ENOSBURGH  FALLS,  VT. 


REVISED     EDITION. 


CHICAGO: 

Kavv,  MoMaxat  M  Co.,  Pbiktsbs  axu  JEnobatvk* 

1S80. 


PREFACE. 


It  has  been  one  of  our  greatest  aims,  in  preparing  matter  for  this  book, 
to  make  it  as  plain  as  possible  for  non-professional  readers,  and  to  give 
them  information  which  is  of  the  greatest  importance  to  horsemen, 
and  yet  avoid  all  technical  terms  as  much  as  possible,  and  also  con- 
dense the  book  as  much  as  we  can  without  leaving  out  the  real 
essential  information  in  treating  each  subject. 

It  contains  an  Index  of  Diseases  giving  a  description  of  each  with 
causes,  symptoms  and  treatment.  Also  a  large  collection  of  Valuable 
Receipts,  of  which  many  single  receipts  are  worth,  to  every  horse  owner, 
several  times  the  price  of  the  book. 

The  treatment  given  for  each  disease  can  be  relied  on  as  being  the 
best.  To  aid  non-professional  horse  ov/ne.s,  in  deciding  what  the 
disease  may  be,  we  give  engravings  which  shew  the  positions  taken  in 
the  different  stages  of  diseases,  and  Avliich  are  of  great  value  in  coming 
to  a  positive  conclusion  as  to  the  nature  of  the  disease. 


Explanation  of  the  Engraving  on  the  Cover. 


1.  Forehead. 

2.  Jaw. 

3.  Throat. 

4.  Breast. 

5.  Shoulder. 

6.  Arm. 

7.  Largo  Pastern. 

8.  Small  Pastern. 

9.  Withers. 
U).  Back. 


11.  Loin. 

12.  Hip. 

13.  Stifle. 

14.  Thigh. 

15.  Hamstring. 

16.  Point  of  the  hock. 

17.  Hock. 

18.  Croup  or  rlump. 

19.  Dock. 

20  Cannon-Bones. 


INDEX    OF   DISEASES. 


ABSCESS  OF  THE  BRAIN  is  caused  by  some  injury  to  the  head. 

Symptoms.  Refuses  food;  acts  dull;  a  slight  oozing  from  a  trivial  in- 
jury upon  the  skull ;  the  animal  is  prostrated  and  wliile  lying  down  con- 
tinues to  knock  his  head  against  the  ground  violently  until  death  ensues. 

Treatment.     No  treatment  is  of  any  service. 

ABDOMINAL  DROPSY  is  usually  the  result  of  chronic  inflam- 
mation of  the  bowels. 

Symptoms.  Head  hanging;  mouth  dry;  membranes  look  pale ;  pulse 
hard.  If  the  horse  turns  about  suddenly  the  act  will  elicit  a  grunt. 
Pressure  on  the  abdomen  will  cause  him  to  groan.  A  lack  of  spirits; 
lies  down  constantly  if  left  to  himself;  is  restless,  thirsty,  no  appetite; 
is  weak,  abdomen  er"!r.rged  yet  the  horse  quite  thin  in  flesh,  hide-bound, 
and  constipated.    One  of  the  legs  and  the  sheath  are  sometimes  swelled. 

Treatment.  Begin  the  treatment  as  soon  as  you  can  decide  as  to  the 
nature  of  the  disease.  Give^  night  and  morning,  20  grs.  extract  of  bella- 
donna, 10  grs.  sulphate  of  quinine,  35  grs.  iodide  of  iron,  h  gi'-  strychnia. 
Mix,  and  give  at  each  dose.  Mix  5  ozs.  tincture  of  iodine  and  2  ozs. 
croton  oil  and  apply  a  little  to  a  portion  of  the  abdomen  by  rubbing  down 
to  the  skin  and  shifting  to  a  different  location  when  the  skin  becomes 
sore.    Some  cases  are  incurable. 

BOTS,  The  stomach  seems  to  be  the  natural  nursery  for  the  protec- 
tion and  the  propagation  of  the  stom.ach  bot.  When  the  eggs  have 
remained  in  the  stomach  for  a  year  they  become  a  perfect  chrysalij 
(that  is  the  form  of  a  butterfly  before  it  reaches  the  v/inged  state)  and 
then  they  release  their  hold  of  the  stomach  and  are  expelled  with  the 
dung  It  will  be  provided  with  wings  in  a  short  time,  and  will  fly  about 
commencing  the  propagation  of  its  species  which  passes  through  the 
same  period  of  incubation. 


fiCPS. 


They  are  of  two  kinds,  stomach  and  fundament  bots.  The  stomach 
bot-s  are  the  result  of  turning  horses  into  pasture  in  the  summer 
months,  and  are  produced  from  the  eggs  laid  on  the  fore  legs  of  the 
horse  by  the  bot  fly. 

Symptoms  are  an  unthrifty  coat,  and  loss  of  flesh  after  running  out 
to  pasture. 

All  horses  which  run  out  to 
grass  are  quite  sure  to  have 
bots  in  their  stomachs,  and 
as  there  is  so  much  miscon- 
ception about  bots  and  their 
destructiveness  to  horses  we 
copy  the  result  of  a  scries  of 
experiments  with  bots  three 
fourths  grown. 

When  immersed  m  rum 
they  live  25  hours ;  decoction 
of  tobacco,  11  hours;  strong 
oil  of  vitriol,  2  hours  18  min- 
utes; essential  oil  of  mint, 
2  hours  5  minutes.  Were 
immersed  without  apparent 
injury,  in  spirits  of  camphor, 
10  hours;  fish  oil,  49  hours; 
tincture  aloes,  10  hours;  in 
brine,  10  hours;  solution  in- 
digo, 1 2  hours.  A  number  of 
small  bots,  with  one  that  was 
full  grown,  were  immersed 
in  a  strong  solution  of  corro- 


NO, 


The  female  fly  about  to  deposit  an  egg. 

The  male  fly. 

The  egg  its  natural  size. 

The  egg  magnified. 

The  newly  hatched  bot. 

The  bot  fully  grown. 

The  head  of  a  bot  magnified 

The  chrysalis. 

sive  sublimate,  one  of  the  most  powerful  poisons ;  the  small  ones  died  in 
one  hour,  but  the  full  grown  one  was  taken  out  of  the  solution,  six 
hours  after  its  immersion,  apparently  unhurt. 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  above  experiments,  that  no  medicine  can  be 
given  which  will  affect  the  bot,  that  will  not  destroy  the  coating  of  the 
stomach,  and  injure  or  kill  the  horse.  No  veterinary  surgeon  can  dis- 
tinguish the  syniDtoms  of  bots  from  those  of  colic.  In  fact  there  is  but 
little  doubt  that  ninety  nine  out  of  every  hundred  cases  of  belly  ache, 
are  no  more  nor  less  than  colic  and  not  bots,  and  should  be  treated  as 
we  direct  in  the  treatment  of  colic. 

Treatment.  The  general  condition  of  the  horse  should  be  improved 
so  that  the  debilitating  eff'ects  of  the  bots  may  not  interfere  with  the 
general   health  of  the  horse.     It  is  generally  considered  impossible 


INFLAMMATION   OF  THE   BOWELS. 


No. 


to  Gxpel  or  destroy  the  bots. 
Give  the  following  tonic  med- 
icines to  improve  the  general 
condition.  Pulv.  Gentian  ^ 
lb.  Pulv.  Copperas  i  lb.  Pulv. 
Fenugreek,  ^  lb.  PiJv.  Elecam- 
pane, 4  lb.  Mix  well  and  give 
a  large  tablespoonful  once  a 
day. 

Fundament  Bot.  Like  the 
stomach  bot  this  is  also  the 
result  of  running  out  to  grass. 
Instead  of  the  eggs  being  de- 
posited on  the  legs  they  are  de- 
posited on  the  lips  of  the  horse. 
They  are  found  in  the  rectum 
and  often  seen  about  the  anus 
and  under  the  tail. 

Treatment.  Injections  of 
raw  linseed  oil,  or  of  tobacco 
Bmoke. 


The  symptoms  are  very  severe 


The  female  about  to  deposit  an  egg. 
"  2.  The  e^i^  magnified. 
••  3.  The  bot. 
"  4.  The  chrysalis. 
"  5.  The  male  fly. 

BOWELS,  INFLAMMATION  OF 

pain  in  the  belly,  varying  from  those  of  colic  in  being  a  continuous  pain 
(while  in  colic  there  are  intervals  of  rest  from  pain),  rolling,  pawing, 
sweating^  rapid  breathing  with  an  inclination  to  shift  about,  with  great 
fever  and  excitement.  Tlie  disease  comes  on  more  gi-adually  than  colio 
(which  see),  legs  and  ears  cold,  belly  tender  and  painful  on  pressure. 
See  cut  for  position  of  nose,  &c. 

Causes.  Constipation,  exposure  to 
cold,  drinking  cold  water,  in  large  quan- 
tities, when  hot,  hard  driving,  diarrhoea, 
and  as  a  sequel  to  colic. 

The  above  named  causes  when  occur- 
ring in  a  horse  predisposed  to  the  dis- 
ease are  quite  liable  to  bring  it  on. 

Treatment.  If  the  cause  is  constipa- 
tion, give  a  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil 
and  if  necessary  add  from  4  to  6  drops 
croton  oil.  If  the  cause  is  over-purging 
give  an  ounce  and  a  half  of  tincture  of  opium  in  a  half  pint  of  water. 

If  the  cause  should  be  other  than  costiveness  or  diarrhoea,  give  30 


■%^:^ 


A   GENERAL    SYMPTOM  OF  AB- 
DOMINAL IRRITATION. 


6  BRONCHITIS. 

drops  of  the  tincture  of  aconite  root,  and  repeat  it  in  two  hours.  Ap- 
ply blankets,  wrung  out  of  hot  water,  to  the  belly,  and  renew  them  every 
15  minutes.  Give  injections  of  warm  (not  hot)  water,  castile  soap,  and 
a  handful  of  table  salt  every  half  hour  until  the  bowels  move  some. 
There  is  a  diversity  of  opinion  in  regard  to  bleeding.  It  is  my  opinion 
that  it  is  of  doubtful  utility  in  this  disease. 

BRONCPIITIS.  This  disease  consists  in  an  inflammation  of  the  air 
passages  of  the  lungs.  It  is  a  very  common  disease  among  horses, 
and  is  sometimes  confounded  with  inflammation  of  the  lungs  (or  lung 
fever),  distempers  and  colds. 

Symptoms.  Begins  with  a  chill,  fever,  harsh  cough,  labored  breath- 
ing, month  hot  and  dry,  with  loss  of  appetite,  and  in  one  or  two  days  a 
discharge  from  the  nostrils  will  be  observed. 

Treatment.  Give  the  horse  a  g'^od,  comfortable  place,  (not  too  close 
nor  the  reverse.)  Give  15  to  20  drops  tincture  of  aconite  root  and  re- 
peat every  four  hours  until  six  doses  have  been  given,  which  will  prob- 
ably relieve  the  fever.  Let  the  horse  have  a  plenty  of  cold  water  to 
drink.  We  would  discourage  the  idea  of  bleeding,  as  it  would  be  more 
likely  to  do  harm  than  good. 

After  the  fever  has  subsided,  (which  will  probably  be  about  the  second 
day),  give  a  few  powders  of  the  following:  Mix  piflv.  licorice  root, 
puiv.  fenugreek  and  pulv.  gentian,  two  ounces  of  each,  and  divide  into 
six  powders  and  give  in  feed  two  or  three  times  a  day. 

Chronic  Bronchitis  is  the  result  of  bad  treatment  of  acute  bron- 
chitis, and  when  the  attack  has  been  prolonged  for  some  time. 

Symptoms.  A  cough  v/hich  seems  to  be  confirmed,  with  discharge 
from  the  nostrils,  and  cough  worse  after  drinking  and  in  the  morning. 

Treatme7it.  Take  of  pulv.  gentian  and  pulv.  sulphate  of  iron — eight 
ounces  each.  Mix  thoroughly  and  divide  into  thirty-five  powders  and 
feed  twice  a  day  until  all  has  been  given,  then  make  an  ointment  of  red 
iodide  of  mercury — one  drachm,  lard,  one  oimce,  thoroughly  mixed  to- 
gether. Apply  the  above  named  ointment  down  the  course  of  the 
windpipe  and  the  next  day  apply  sweet  oil  or  lard  to  keep  the  skin  from 
cracking.     Repeat  the  application  of  the  ointment  in  one  week. 

BURNS  AND  SCALDS.  When  the  burn  is  so  deep  as  to  destroy  the 
skin  and  superficial  tissues  we  w6uld  recommend  raw  linseed  oil  applied 
with  bandages  to  protect  the  parts  from  the  air,  and  allowed  to  remain 
for  several  days. 

But  when  the  skin  is  not  destroyed  we  have  found  that  "  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure  "  is  an  excellent  remedy  for  such  burns  on  man ;  so  we  feel 
certain  it  will  work  equally  well  on  any  animal. 

CALLOUS.  A  callous  is  a  thickening  of  the  cuticle  or  of  any  soft 
part,  caused  by  pressure  or  friction,  or  it  may  be  the  result  of  some  in- 


CAF]PED    ELBOW.  7 

jniy,  which,  after  remaining  sore  for  some  time,  finally  heals,  leaving  a 
thick,  hard,  and  enlarged  surface  which  we  term  callous,  and  which 
not  only  injures  the  sale  of  the  horse  but  is  also  a  constant  '*  eye-sore" 
to  the  owner. 

Treatment.  We  can  only  recommend  one  course,  as  we  have  had  no 
experience  with  any  other  which  proved  successful,  and  that  is  to  apply 
KendalPs  Spavin  Cure  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  several  weeks,  as 
directed  for  spavin.  These  can  not  generally  be  removed  very  quickly, 
yet  if  the  above  plan  is  followed  out  it  is  sure  to  be  effectual. 

CAPPED  ELBOW.  (Shoe  Boil.)  This  enlargement  on  the  point  of 
the  elbow  is  on  the  side  of  the  chest  just  behind  the  shoulder.  It  is  a  tu- 
mor (or  sometimes  a  simple  abscess)  caused  by  direct  pressure  against 
the  calk  or  heel  of  the  shoe ;  particularly  when  the  latter  is  allowed  to 
protrude  too  far  backward.  Pads  are  made  by  harness  makers  which 
are  quite  useful  in  protecting  the  parts  while  the  horse  is  lying. 

Treatment.  If  the  tumor  is  soft  and  shows  signs  of  containing  pus, 
it  would  be  v/ell  to  open  it  and  allow  the  matter  to  escape.  Some  rec- 
ommend that  the  tumor  be  dissected  out  with  a  knife  and  then  treated 
as  any  simple  wound  by  keeping  clean  until  it  heals.  "Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure  "  has  been  used  with  very  gratifying  results  for  Shoe^  Boil.  It 
should  be  applied  twice  a  day  for  some  time  the  same  as  when  it  is  de- 
sired to  remove  any  enlargement.  Some  get  an  idea  that  if  a  bottle  of 
"Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  "  is  applied,  it  will  do  as  much  good  to  apply 
the  whole  in  two  to  four  days  as  to  be  as  many  weeks  in  using  it,  but  we 
would  like  to  have  it  remembered  that  it  takes  time  to  remove  any 
enlargement  and  especially  if  it  has  existed  for  any  length  of  time, 
therefore  we  say  it  is  not  so  much  in  the  quantity  used  in  a  given  time 
as  in  the  length  of  time  it  is  used.  We  know  of  no  remedy  that  is  so 
certain  to  remove  shoe  boil,  when  properly  used,  as  "  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure." 

CAPPED  HOCK.  This  is  a  soft  swelling  on  the  pomt  of  the  hock 
joint.  It  is  caused  by  kicking  in  the  harness  or  stable,  or  by  being  kicked 
by  another  horse,  and  rarely  causes  any  lameness. 

Treatment.  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  used  as  for  capped  elbow  is  a  safe 
and  sure  remedy. 

CAPPED  KNEE.    Caused  by  some  injury  to  the  knee. 

Symptoms.    A  soft  tumor  in  front  of  the  knee. 

Treatment.  If  left  alone  it  would  probably  burst  and  leave  a  perma- 
nent blemish.  If  the  tumor  is  hot  bathe  first  with  cold  water  to  reduce 
the  heat  or  bind  on  cloths  wet  with  cold  water  and  change  often,  then 
apply  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  as  directed  for  capped  elbow. 

CAUTERY.  {Firing.)  This  cruel  and  inhuman  practice  is  one  which 
has  been  practised  in  the  past,  and,  perhaps,  is  to  a  slight  degree  now,  but 


8 


COLIC. 


we  sincerely  believe  it  to  be  one  which  ought  to  be  forbidden  by  all  hu- 
mane societies,  as  the  cases  which  are  benefited  are  very  few  if  any  tliat 
could  not  be  benefited  by  milder  and  more  humane  means.  See  Firing 
horses. 

COLIC.  Colic  is  a  very  com- 
mon as  well  as  a  very  dangerous 
disease.  There  are  two  forms, 
Spasmodic  and  Flatulent  Colic. 
The  former  is  of  a  spasmodic  na- 
ture, and  will,  in  severe  cases,  run 
into  inflammation  of  the  bowels 
and  cause  speedy  death,  if  not  re- 
lieved. 

Causes  of  Spasmodic    Colic  are 
drinking   cold  writer  when   in    a 
heated  condition,  costiveness,  un- 
wholesome food,  undue  quantity  of  fikst    stage  of  spasmodic  colic. 
food,  etc. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  is  suddenly  attacked  with  pain,  and  shows  evi- 
dence of 'great  distress,  shifting  his  position  almost  constantly,  and 
manifesting  a  desire  to  lie  down.  But  in  a  few  minutes  these  symp- 
toms disappear,  and  the  horse  is  easy  for  a  short  time,  when  they  re- 
turn with  increasing  severity  until  the  horse  cannot  be  kept  upon 
his  feet. 

A  cold  sweat  generally  breaks  out  over  the  body.  The  legs  and  ears 
remain  at  about  the  natural  temperature. 

He  looks  around  to  his  flanks,  mostly  at  me  right  side,  as  if  pointing 
out  the  seat  of  the  disease,  scrapes  the  ground  with  his  forward  foot, 
and  will  almost  strike  his  belly  witli  his  hind  foot.  " 

The  horse  heaves  at  the  flanks ;  and 
kicks  and  rolls,  and  seems  much  excit- 
ed and  sometimes  acts  as  though  he 
wanted  to  make  water,  which  he  cannot 
do  on  account  of  the  urethra  being  spas- 
modically contracted.  This  symptom 
need  not  be  treated,  (as  it  frequently  is,) 
for,  as  soon  as  the  horse  is  relieved  of 
the  colic,  he  will  pass  water  freely. 
SECOND  STAGE  OF  SPASMODIC  Therefore  follow  the  treatment  we  give 
QQLic,  below  and  relieve  the  colic  as  soon  as 

possible.  * ' 


COLIC. 


9 


Colic. 

Attacked  suddenly. 
Intervals  of  rest. 
Pulse  not  much  altered  in  the  early 
stage  of  the  disease. 

Rubbing  belly  gives  relief. 
Ears  and  legs  of  natural  temper- 
ature. 
Motion  gives  relief. 
Strength  scarcely  affected. 


As  the  disease  advances  the  horse 
"will  frequently  throw  himself  down 
with  force,  look  anxiously  at  the  sides 
and  sometimes  snap  with  his  teeth  at 
his  sides,  and  strike  upwards  with  his 
hind  feet  as  they  do  many  times  with 
inflammation  of  the  bowels. 

THIRD     STAGE     OP     SPASMODIC 
COLIC. 

Symptoms  of 

Inflammalion  of  bowels- 

Symptoms  come  on  gradually. 

In  constant  pain. 

Pulse  small  and  much  quickened 

and  scarcely   to  be    felt    many 

times. 
Belly  quite  tender  and  sore  to  the 
touch. 

Ears  and  legs  cold. 
Motion  increases  pain. 
Strength  rapidly  failing. 

Treatment.  Relieve  the  pain  by  giving  one  ounce  sulphuric  ether, 
two  ounces  of  tincture  of  opium  (laudanum)  and  a  pint  of  raw  linseed 
oil,  and,  if  not  relieved  in  an  hour,  repeat  the  dose.  If  there  is  not  relief 
in  a  reasonable  length  of  tima  after  the  second  dose  is  given,  some  rec- 
ommend bleeding  from  six  ro  ten  quarts  from  the  neck  vein,  but  we 
think  it  is  rarely  necessary  to  do  this.  Occasionally  walk  the  horse 
about  to  excite  the  bowels  to  action. 

The  following  mixture  is  said  to  be  verv  good : 

Take  aromatic  spirits  of  ammonia  one  pint,  sulphuric  ether  one  pint, 
sweet  spirits  of  nitre  one  and  a  half  pints,  gum  opium  (made  fine) 
four  ounces,  camphor  gum  four  ounces,  assafoetida  four  ounces. 
Mix  all  together  and  shake  frequently  for  12  or  15  days,  then  filter  or 
strain  through  flannel  and  it  will  be  ready  for  use.  Dose;  one  table- 
spoonful  in  a  little  water,  repeated  in  thirty  minutes.  A  larger  dose 
may  be  given  sometimes  in  very  severe  cases. 

Another  excellent  remedy,  which  is  always  at  hand,  is  one  heaping 
tablespoonful  of  saleratus  mixed  with  one  pint  of  milk  and  given  at  one 
dose. 

Always  begin  thCt^treatment  as  soon  as  possible. 

Flatulent  Colic,  Windy  Colic,  etc.  The  horse  is  uneasy,  hangs 
the  head,  and  exhibits  a  few  of  the  general  symptoms  of  spasmodic 
colic  before  there  is  any  enlargement  of  the  belly ;  but  more  particular* 


10 


CORNS. 


FIRST    STAGES    OF    FLATULENT 
COLIC. 


ly  after,  for  as  soon  as  the  belly  swells  the  pawing  commences,  although 
it  is  not  so  violent  as  in  spasmodic  colic. 

There  is  but  little  rolling  or  kicking  at  the  belly  as  m  spasmodic 
colic  and  the  horse  is  not  inclined 
to  move  about  much.  After  from 
one  to  four  days  the  belly  becomes 
much  increased  in  size  (if  the 
disease  is  not  checked)  and  the 
animal  becomes  restless. 

Treatment.  Do  not  bleed  for 
flatulent  colic.  Try  injections  first, 
and  if  gas  or  wind  come  away  with 
it  the  patient  will  most  likely  re- 
cover soon ;  but  if  no  benefit  is  de- 
rived from  the  injection  give  the 
remedies  as  recommended  for  spasmodic  colic  Let  the  horse  be  led 
around  c|.uietly  until  the  medicine  has  time  to  take  effect  so  as  to  pre- 
vent his  falling  or  rolling  as  it  might  cause  rupture  of  the  diaphragm. 

CORNS  appear  in  the  angle  of  the  hoof  near  the  heel,  and  are  gener- 
ally caused  by  the  shoe's  being  worn  too  long,  causing  the  shell  of  the 
hoof  to  grow  over  the  shoe,  which  allows  the  weight  to  press  upon  the 
sole ;  or,  the  shoe  gets  moved  from  its  proper  position,  or  perhaps  nev- 
er was  placed  there.  As  a  general  rule,  the  produc- 
tion of  corns  may  be  laid  to  the  shoer. 

Upon  cutting  away  trie  horn  there  will  be  found  a 
red  spot ;  but  if  very  bad  the  color  will  be  a  dark 
purple,  and  it  will  be  deeper  seated. 

Treatment.  Dress  down  tlie  bruised  part  until 
quite  thin,  and  apply  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  quite 
freely  and  then  put  on  the  shoe,  so  fitted  that  there 
will  be  no  pressure  on  the  part.  Apply  the  Spavin 
Cure  for  several  days.  If  the  above  treatment  fails, 
(which  it  probably  will  not,)  then  dress  down  the  bruised  part,  thin  as 
before,  and  apply  Kendall's  Blister  (which  will  be  sent  by  mail  on  re- 
ceipt of  $  1.00),  thoroughly  rubbed  in,  and  continue  to  apply  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure,  as  recommended  in  treatment  of  bone  spavin. 

CURB.  This  is  one  of  the  many  diseases  of  the  hock-joint,  and  con- 
sists of  an  enlargement  or  gradual  bulging  out  at  the  posterior  part  of 
the  hock.     (See  engraving.) 

Cause.  Curb  is  generally  caused  by  a  strain  from  galloping  on  uneven 
ground,  wrenching  the  limb,  prancing  and  leaping,&c.  It  is  one  of  the 
evils  which  occur  among  the  better  breed  of  horses.    Man  delights  in 


SITUATION  OF 
A  CORN. 


DEBILITY. 


11 


SOUND  HOCK. 


CURB. 


CURB.  BANDAGE. 

showing  off  the  animal  he  is  mount- 
ed upon  and  so  it  has  ever  been  with 
man,  woman  or  child;  they  are 
always  pleased  by  the  prancing  of  the 
horse,  which  nevertheless  is  a  very 
fruitful  cause  of  curb.  Fulling 
horses  up  suddenly  on  their  haunches 
is  asserted  to  be  a  frequent  cause  of 
curb. 

Treatment.  Perfect  rest;  if  hot, 
bandage  it  and  keep  it  constantly  wet 
with  cold  water  and  saltpetre  for  a 
few  days  until  the  inflammation  has 
ceased,  then  apply  KendalPs  Spavin 
Cure  2  or  3  times  a  day  and  rub  well 
with  the  hand.  In  some  cases  it  is 
well  to  apply  the  bandage  after  each  application  of  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure,  always  applying  the  bandage  as  smooth  as  possible  and  rather 
tight.  In  very  bad  or  very  old  cases  we  would  recommend  using 
Kendall's  Blister,  as  directed  for  ring-bone. 

DEBILITY.  This  condition  accompanies  many  diseases;  for  this 
reason  anything  which  has  a  tendency  to  reduce  the  strength  of  the 
horse  should  be  avoided  while  treating  the  various  diseases,  especially  of 
the  chest. 

Symptoms  of  general  debility  are  swelling  of  the  legs,  breast,  belly, 
and  sheath.    The  horse  is  very  weak  and  staggers  as  he  walks. 

Causes  are  bleeding  in  treating  diseases,  starving,  and  insufficient 
and  improper  diet  given  to  sick  horses  when  they  should  have  been 
supported  by  good  and  sufficient  food  during  their  sickness. 

Treatment.  Give  the  tonic  powders  which  we  recommend  under  the 
head  of  Bots,  once  or  twice  a  day,  with  a  liberal  amount  of  good  feed 
and  water  and  allow  him  to  recover  wholly  before  putting  him  into  hard 
work- 


THE  SUREST  MANNER  OF  PRODUC 
ING  CURB. 


12 


DYSENTERY. 


DEFORMITIES  IN  YOUNG  COLTS,  are  usually  caused  by  an  insuf- 
ficient nourishment ;  but  if  the  colt  is  taught  to  suck  milk  from  a  bot- 
tle, or  something  else,  so  as  to  become  well  nourished,  deformities  of 
the  limbs  will  usually  be  removed. 

DIARRHCEA.  When  this  disease  is  not  attended  with  pain,  griping 
or  pawing,  as  in  colic,  it  will  generally  require  no  treatment,  but  if  it 
continue,  and  the  horse  shows  signs  of  pain  or  colic  there  is  reason  for 
the  belief  that  there  is  some  irritating  poison  retained  in  the  bowels 
which  does  not  pass  away  in  the  excrement.     (See  dysentery.) 

Treatment.    Treatment  that  will  allay  pain  is  demanded. 

Give  twenty  drops  of  tincture  of  aconite  root  in  a  little  water,  and  fol- 
low with  a  powder  as  given  below,  every  three  hours,  until  the  horse  is 
better.  Take  prepared  chalk,  five  drachms ;  catechu,  ^  ilverized,  one 
drachm;  pulv.  opium,  ten  grains;  mix  and  give  as  stated  above.  Give 
plenty  of  good  cold  water  to  drink. 

When  the  diarrhcea  is  better  give  bran  mash  for  a  few  days  and  add 
a  little  ground  flaxseed  if  convenient. 

DYSENTERY,  ACUTE.  This  disease  in  the  horse  is  very  violent, 
because  the  length  and  size  of  the  intestines  of  the  horse  render  any  dis- 
ease within  them  a  very  serious  affair. 

Cause.  Acute  dysentery  is  caused  by  taking  some  acrid  substance 
into  the  stomach,  such  as  croton  oil  with  aloes,  which  produce  an  inflam- 
matory purgation;  or  from  the  injudicious  use  of  various  poisons,  such 
as  tartar  emetic,  corrosive  sublimate,  blue  vitriol,  arsenic,  etc.  etc. 
Nearly  all  of  these  substances  will  be  eaten  readily  if  mixed  with  the 
grain,    therefore  any  person 

not  knowing  the  proper  quan-  /''^^^^^  ^,<^'\         \ 

tity  of  such  poisons  to  give 
should  not  venture  to  use 
them. 

Symptoms  are  obscure  at 
the  commencement.  As  in 
nearly  all  disorders  of  the  in- 
testines, so  in  this,  there  is 
pain  in  the  abdomen.  The 
pain  may  be  slight  at  first  or 
it  may  be  so  violent  as  to  be 
confounded  with  the  pangs 
of  colic ;  the  thirst  is  exces- 
sive ;  the  stench  ofiensive. 

The  position  of  tlie  body,  as 
shown  in  the  engraving,  is 
expressive  of  abdominal  pain. 


SUFFEKING   FKOM   THE   EFFECTS  OF  A 
POWERFUL  POISON. 


DISTEMPER.  13 

Treatment  the  same  as  for  diarrhoea,  with  larger  doses  of  opium 
when  the  pain  is  violent.  Keep  the  horse  and  stable  clean  and  give  the 
horse  good  care.  Do  not  be  concerned  about  the  bowels  if  they  do  not 
move  at  all  for  several  days. 

DISTEMPER.  (Strangles.)  This  form  of  sore  throat  is  characterized 
by  swelling  between  the  bones  of  the  lower  jaw,  which  terminates  in  an 
abscess. 

^^_^^i^^^^  Cause.    A  specific  poison  in  the 

^^3^^^^^j^^^^^  blood,  which  but  few  horses  es- 

i I  /  wil vIn^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  Treatment.   The  opinions  of  dif- 

li  \     ^^^P'^^^^^^x  jf'^^^^^  ferent  veterinarians  vary  in  regard 

t^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^SL  to    the    treatment,   some  recom- 

/^jjraMg^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  mending   poultices    while   others 

^^^  I*  .     plan  is  undoubtedly  as  good  one 

'        as  any. 
STRANGLES.  Give    grass    or   soft  feed   and 

but  little  if  any  medicine  and  if  thought  best  to  do  anything  to  hasten 
the  suppuration  apply  warm  poultices,  or  some  like  blistering.  The  ap- 
petite will  return  when  the  abscess  breaks  or  is  opened. 

EPIZOOTIC.  This  disease  attacks  many  animals  at  the  same  time, 
and  originates  in  one  common  cause. 

Treatment.  A  few  years  ago,  when  nearly  every  horse  in  the  country 
had  this  disease,  hundreds  were  either  not  treated  at  all  or  improperly 
treated  and  consequently  many  were  left  in  a  bad  condition,  which  they 
did  not  outgrow  for  months,  and  others  died  for  want  of  proper  treat- 
ment. At  this  time  I  was  called  upon  to  prescribe  for  many,  and  I  soon 
found  that  the  following  powders  were  the  very  best  thing  I  could  give. 
Take  of  pulv.  liquorice  1  lb.,  elecampane  1  lb.,  pulv.  fenugreek  1^  lb., 
pulv.  gentian  \  lb.,  pulv.  anise  seed  \  lb.,  ginger  |  lb.,  black  antimony  | 
lb.,  pulv.  saltpetre  \  lb.,  sulphur  \  lb.,  epsom  salts  1  lb.,  pulv.  resin  \  lb., 
hard  wood  ashes  i  lb.,  copperas  \  lb.,  mix  well  and  give  a  tablespoonful 
three  times  a  day,  at  first,  and  then  only  twice  each  day. 

Every  horse  that  took  the  above  powders  recovered  fully,  and  none 
were  troubled  with  the  bad  after  efiects  which  followed  many  that  re- 
ceived no  treatment. 

FARCY.    This  is  a  scrofulous  disease  affecting  the  horse. 

Symptoms.  The  hair  looks  rough  and  unhealthy ;  one  of  the  legs  will 
generally  swell  to  a  very  large  size,  generally  the  fore  leg — hot  and 
painful — and  in  a  short  time  will  break  out  in  small  running  sores, 
discharging  a  thin,  unhealthy  fluid,  and  sometimes  the  discharge  is 
thicker. 


14  FIRING  HORSES. 

On  the  side  of  the  neck,  body  or  inside  of  the  leg  will  be  felt  a  thick 
substance  under  the  skin  but  somewhat  elevated  and  hardened  and  in- 
t3iTupted  at  distances  with  a  small  sore  similar  to  that  on  the  leg.  In 
some  cases  soft,  puflfy  swellings  will  be  found  about  many  parts  of  the 
body. 

Cause.  Poorly  ventilated  stables  which  are  overcrowded  with  horses ; 
inoculation  from  the  virus  of  the  glandered  or  farcied  horses,  and  this 
virus  producing  a  ferment  in  the  blood.  Absorption  of  pus  into  the 
blood  is  liable  to  produce  either  farcy,  glanders  or  some  other  zymotic 
disease. 

Treatment.  Understanding  the  cause  of  this  disease  you  will  readily 
see  what  the  treatment  should  be—that  by  removing  the  cause  the  effects 
will  cease.  Give  a  tablespoonful  of  sulphite  (not  sulphate)  of  soda 
twice  a  day. 

This  remedy  will  stop  all  fermentation  and  purify  the  blood.  It  would 
be  well  to  continue  the  sulphite  of  soda  two  or  three  times  a  week  for 
a  few  weeks  after  the  horse  seems  to  be  well. 

After  leaving  off  the  sulphite  of  soda  give  the  tonic  powders  as 
directed  in  the  treatment  for  bots,  to  improve  the  general  condition  of 
the  horse.    Give  good  and  generous  feed. 

Another  plan  is  to  give  the  following  powders  once  or  twice  a  day. 
Take  sulphur,  8  ozs.  saltpetre,  4  ozs.  black  antimony,  2  ozs.  mix  and 
give  one  tablespoonful. 

Another  mode  of  treating  this  disease  is  to  give  three  drachms  of 
sulphate  of  copper  every  night,  in  the  food,  until  the  horse  refuses  to  eat. 
After  a  few  days  repeat,  but  if  the  case  is  bad  give  the  medicine  as  a 
drench  in  water,  for  ten  days,  if  he  will  not  take  it  in  his  food. 

The  horse,  as  well  as  all  his  clothing  and  articles  used  in  feeding 
him  should  be  removed  from  all  healthy  animals,  as  this  is  one  of  the 
contagious  diseases  of  the  horse. 

FIRING  HORSES.  I  can  fully  indorse  the  following  statements  of  Dr. 
Robt.  Mc  Clure  in  regard  to  this  inhuman  practice.  He  says — "  This  is 
an  operation  which  is  a  great  favorite,  and  in  much  repute  among  horse 
doctors.  For  my  part  I  think  it  not  only  cruel  and  barbarous,  but  un- 
necessary, doing  no  good  whatever,  and  in  many  cases  a  positive  injury, 
the  effects  of  which  will  never  disappear  from  the  legs  or  body  while  the 
animal  lives.  Firing  is  intended  by  its  advocates  to  prevent  and  cure 
spavin,  curbs,  sprains  and  ring-bones  by  scoring  the  parts  with  a  red 
hot  iron  in  lines  over  the  part  that  is  thouglit  will  be  diseased  or  la 
already  so."    See  Cautery. 

FOOT  DISEASES.     Navicular  disease.    (See  engraving  on  cover  foi 
location.) 
This  is  a  serious  disease,  and  sometimes  is   very  obscure  in  ita 


FOUNDER.  15 

symptoms,  according  to  the  stage  of  the  disease.  Fortunately  this  dis- 
ease is  rarely  met  with,  but  it  is  a  fruitful  cause  of  permanent  lame- 
ness.   It  is  many  times  attributed  to  some  dilliculty  in  the  shouldet. 

Cause.  Hard  work  upon  pavements  caus  ng  s'ight  inflammation 
which  is  neglected  and  the  horse  kept  at  worj^  so  tnat  the  inflammation 
continues  until  it  ends  in  ulceration. 

Symptoms  are  obscure  and  yet  very  much  like  many  of  the  symp- 
toms of  other  diseases  of  the  feet  and  legs  or  shoulders.  It  is  determined 
chiefly  by  an  undue  amount  of  heat  in  the  foot  and  by  the  fact  that  no 
disease  can  be  found  elsewhere  or  of  a  difierent  character. 

Treatment.  Raise  the  foot  and  pour  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  on  to  the 
frog  and  the  back  part  of  the  foot  and  heel,  and  rub  it  well  up  into  the 
hair  and  repeat  this  process  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  two  or  three 
weeks,  or  more,  if  necessary.  In  bad  cases,  if  the  lameness  does  not 
subside  in  two  or  three  weeks,  we  would  recommend  to  blister  as 
recommended  for  ring-bone,  and  follow  up  with  the  use  of  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure.  The  above  treatment  has  proved  to  be  the  most  satisfac- 
tory of  any  treatment  known  to  us. 

Poultices  sometimes  relieve  the  pain. 

FOUNDER.  (Laminitis.)  This  disease  is  inflammation  of  the  sen- 
sitive laminse  of  the  foot,  of  which  there  are  two  kinds,  acute  and 
chronic,  the  latter  being  a  continuation  of  the  former.  The  acute  form 
is  invariably  cured,  if  properly  treated,  but  the  chronic  form  is  generally 
considered  incurable ;  it  can  be  relieved  very  much  but  the  feet  are 
always  afterwards  sore  and  tender  in  front. 

Causes.  Allowing  to  drink  cold  water,  when  overheated  and  tired 
from  over  work,  standing  in  a  cold  air  (or  where  the  wind  will  strike 
the  horse)  while  warm,  driving  through  a  river  while  warm,  long  and 
hard  drives  over  dry  roads  &c. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  will  stand  upon  liis  heels,- with  fore  feet  and 
legs  stretched  out  as  far  as  he  can  get  them  so  as  to  throw  the  weight 
off  as  much  as  possible ;  and  he  can  scarcely  be  made  to  move.  The 
horse  has  fever  and  considerable  constitutional  disturbance,  in  the 
acute  form  of  the  disease. 

Treatment  (of  acute  founder.)  Give  the  horse  a  good  bedding  of 
straw,  in  a  large,  well  ventilated  stall,  so  as  to  encourage  him  to  lie 
down,  which,  by  removing  the  weight  from  the  inflamed  parts,  will  re- 
lieve his  suflFerings  very  much  and  assist  in  hastening  the  cure.  As  soon 
as  his  bed  is  fixed,  give  him  twenty  drops  of  the  tincture  of  aconite  root 
in  a  half  pint  of  cold  water,  poured  into  his  mouth  with  a  bottle 
having  a  strong  neck,  and  repeat  this  dose  every  four  hours  until  six  or 
eight  doses  have  been  given.     Also  apply  a  cloth  wet  in  ice-water  to  the 


16  CHRONIC  FOUNDER. 

< 
feet,  and  keep  wet  with  the  same  for  several  hours  until  the  severe  pain 
has  been  relieved.  Wet  the  cloths  often,  and  continue  for  2  or  3  days, 
or  longer  if  necessary.  Give  plenty  of  cold  water  to  drink.  The  above 
treatment  should  be  adopted  as  soon  as  possible  after  the  horse  has 
been  attacked  with  founder.  Let  the  horse  have  rest  until  he  has  fully 
recovered.  Give  grass  or  mash(^  for  2  or  3  days  and  then  give  a  good 
and  fair  amount  of  feed. 

After  the  treatment  recommended  above,  if  there  should  still  be  ten- 
derness, we  would  recommend  the  use  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  to 
remove  it,  as  directed  for  foot  diseases. 

Although  bleeding  is  quite  strongly  recommended  by  some  yet  I  am 
firmly  of  the  opinion  that  the  above  plan,  if  properly  carried  out,  will 
be  much  more  successful. 

CHRONIC  FOUNDER  in  its  worst  form  is  not  curable,  but  may  be 
palliated.  The  treatment  should  depend  principally  upon  softening  the 
hoof  by  oiling  well  with  castor  oil  and  continuing  to  keep  the  hoof  well 
oiled  on  the  bottom  and  sides  up  on  to  the  skin. 

We  would  also  recommend  in  shoeing  to  place  a  piece  of  sole  leather 
which  will  cover  the  whole  of  the  bottom  of  the  foot  under  the  shoe 
and  drive  the  nails  through  the  leather  so  as  to  hold  it  as  long  as  the 
shoe  remains  on,  then  pack  oakum  or  cotton  batting  saturated  with  tar 
under  the  leather  so  as  to  soften  up  the  bottom  of  the  hoof.  This  works 
admirably  in  many  cases. 

Some  pare  the  soles  of  the  feet  and  then  allow  them  to  stand  in  about 
six  inches  of  sawdust  wet  a  little  every  morning  for  two  or  three  weeks. 
This  is  also  a  good  plan  to  follow  when  horses  are  recovering  from 
acute  founder. 

The  treatment  most  likely  to  effect  a  permanent  cure  is  that  recom- 
mended for  foot  diseases,  which  see. 

FRACTURE.  The  term  fracture  is  here  used  to  signify  a  broken  bone. 
A  fracture  is  termed  simple  when  the  bone  only  is  divided ;  compound^ 
when  in  addition  there  is  an  external  wound  of  the  integuments  com- 
municating with  it;  comminuted  when  the  bone  is  broken  or  crushed 
into  several  pieces. 

The  simple  fracture,  is  the  only  variety  that  calls  for  much  notice,  in 
view  of  the  fact  that  it  is  usually  of  but  little  use  to  attempt  to  treat 
either  of  the  other  two  varieties. 

Many  cases  of  simple  fracture  may  be  successfully  treated  so  that  the 
horse  will  be  useful  for  many  purposes,  if  not  for  driving. 

Symptoms.  A  broken  bone  is  usually  detected  quite  easily,  especially 
when  it  is  a  long  bone  of  the  leg,  as  the  horse  has  not  the  power  to  move, 
and  also  by  the  looseness  of  the  leg.  The  horse  is  in  great  pain,  excite- 
ment, sweating  &c. 


FRACTURE. 


17 


A  GOOD  WAY  TO  SLING  L  HORSE  WHEN  IT  IS  THOUGHT  BEST  TO  DO  SO. 


Treatment.  If  in  the  summer  season,  place  the  horse  in  the  field  or 
yard,  but  in  winter  in  a  large,  comfortable  stable  or  in  the  barn-yard,  if 
well  protected  from  wind  and  storm.  Do  not  give  too  much  bed- 
ding nor  allow  anything  to  be  in  the  Avay  of  tiie  foot,  so  that  it  can  be  car- 
ried without  interruption.  Give  twenty-five  drops  tincture  aconite  root 
every  five  hours,  for  the  first  twenty  or  twenty-five  hours,  to  lessen  the 
fever  and  pain. 

Place  the  broken  leg  in  a  position  as  near  like  the  other  as  possible 
in  shape  and  also  (by  actual  measurement)  to  be  of  the  same  length,  for 
it  is  by  neglecting  the  measurement  that  some  are  left  to  unite  shorter 
than  the  sound  leg. 

When  the  leg  is  placed  in  the  same  shape  and  length  of  the  sound 
one,  apply  a  good  coating  of  tar  to  the  leg,  around,  below,  and  above 
the  point  of  fracture.  Then  wrap  the  whole  leg  in  carded  cotton  or 
coarse  tow,  and  place  over  this  splints  cut  out  of  pieces  of  boards, 
which  will  rest  evenly  upon  the  leg  prepared  as  above,  and  fill  all  un- 
evenness  with  the  tow  or  cotton. 

Have  three  or  four  splints,  so  as  to  hold  the  leg  in  position  constantly. 
Secure  the  whole  by  carefully  applying  a  strong  bandage,  or  by  tying 
with  soft  cord,  and  make  it  perfectly  secure,  so  that  the  horse  will  not 
move  the  leg  where  fractured,  before  it  has  time  to  unite. 

It  is  considered  by  some  as  bad  practice  to  sling  a  horse  from  his  feet 


18  FROST   BITES. 

in   cases  of  fracture,  and  he  will  seldom  put  his  foot  to  the  ground 
until  the  fracture  has  united,  so  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  sling. 

Examine  the  splints  daily  and  see  that  they  do  not  get  loose. 

Give  the  horse  a  liberal  amount  of  good  feed  and  cold  water. 

When  the  horse  is  kept  in  a  stall  it  is  well  to  make  a  hole  in  the  floor, 
underneath  the  foot  of  the  broken  leg,  so  that  he  can  stand  with  the  leg 
at  full  length. 

With  the  splints  properly  applied  the  horse  may  safely  be  left  to  him- 
self and  nature  will  do  the  rest. 

FROST  BITES.  A  state  of  numbness  or  torpifaction  of  a  part  of  the 
body,  caused  by  intense  cold,  which,  unless  relieved  by  proper  remedies, 
is  liable  to  be  followed  by  death  of  the  part.  Horses  are  most  liable  to 
be  troubled  with  frost-bites  on  the  heels  and  the  back  part  of  the  hind 
legs,  which  swell  badly,  and  are  sometimes  mistaken  for  scratches. 

Treatment.  It  is  very  important  in  the  treatment  of  frost-bites  that 
heat  should  not  be  applied  suddenly,  but  that  very  cold  water  be  ap- 
plied, by  which  means  the  frost  is  extracted  very  slowly. 

Any  frozen  parts  should  not  be  rubbed  until  the  frost  has  been 
extracted. 

After  the  heat  has  returned  to  the  part  we  know  of  nothing  which  we 
think  will  work  better  than  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  applied  several 
times ;  as  by  so  doing  the  great  pain  and  soreness  which  is  sure  to  fol- 
low is  generally  averted  and  thus  the  bad  running  sores  which  some- 
times follow  are  prevented.  The  above  treatment  is  also  well  adapted 
to  frost-bites  on  man. 

GLANDERS.  This  disease  is  alike  fruitful  of  evil  to  man  and  beast 
and  is  generally  considered  incurable. 

A  horse  may  have  latent  glanders  for  years,  and  work  well,  the  dis- 
ease being  daring  this  time  as  contagious  as  in  its  developed  state. 

Cause.  The  cause  is  somewhat  varied  in  different  cases,  and  may  be 
attributed  to  filth,  starvation,  or  to  debilitating  diseases,  as  lung  fever, 
catarrh  or  any  disease  capable  of  generating  pus,  which  being  absorbed 
into  the  circulation  forms  a  ferment  within  the  blood. 

Symptoms.  The  membrane  lining  the  nostrils  assumes  a  leaden  or 
purple  color,  accompanied  by  a  thin,  acrid,  transparent  and  odorless 
discharge.  This  is  the  first  stage,  during  which  the  general  healtli  does 
not  sufier  and  the  horse  may  do  his  ordinary  work. 

The  discharge  grows  thicker,  and  sinks  when  placed  in  water.  The 
membrane  lining  the  nostrils  will  be  found  to  have  sores,  ragged  and  de- 
pressed at  the  top,  with  varicose  veins  leading  to  them  from  all  sides. 

The  appetite  Aiils,  and  the  horse  assumes  an  emaciated  and  dull  ap- 
pearance. He  will  be  hide-bound,  and  his  legs  swell  during  the  day 
and  the  swelling  go  down  at  night. 


9REASE    HEELS. 


19 


The  ulceration  of  the  nose  is  very  bad,  and  the  sores  spread  into  his 
throat;  the  body  also  is  sometimes  afflicted  with  sores.  The  horse 
ultimately  dies  in  a  wasted  condition. 

Treatment.  Most  horsemen  recommend  that  the  horse  be  shot  as 
soon  as  it  is  decided  that  he  is  atHicted  with  glanders,  as  they  consider 
the  disease  incurable,  but  if  the  following  treatment  is  adopted  early  it 
may  prove  successful.  ^         . 

Give  from  one  half  to  one  ounce  doses  of  sulphite  of  soda  at  night,  m 
cut  feed,  for  several  weeks,  and  five  grains  Spanish  flies  (powdered)  with 
it.  Give,  at  the  same  time,  every  morning  and  noon,  a  powder  consist- 
ing of  three  drachms  powdered  gentian,  and  two  drachms  powdered 
sulphate  of  copper.  Give  the  medicines  for  a  long  time,  not  only  to  cure 
the  disease  but  to  improve  the  general  health.  Give  a  good  liberal  feed 
and  change  the  feed  often. 

GREASE  HEELS.  This  disease  of  the  heels  and  legs  of  horses  is 
characterized  by  a  white,  offensive,  greasy  discharge  from  the  heels  of 
the  horse.  The  skin  becomes  hot,  tender,  and  swollen,  and  sometimes 
sloughs  away,  leaving  an  ugly  sore. 

Cause.  Sudden  changesof  the  temperature  of  the  earth,  whether  it  be 
from  heat  to  cold  or  from  wet  to  dry.  This  disease  generally  follows 
wet  streets,  stables  or  lands. 

Treatment.  Keep  the  legs  dry  and  cleansed  well  with  castile  soap  and 
soft  water;  then  apply,  once  a  day,  verdigris,  one  half  oz;  rum  or  proof 
spirits  one  pint;  mix  and  shake  well  before  applying.  Or  apply  Ken- 
dall's Spavin  Cure  after  washing  well.  Some  use  water,  one  pint,  sul- 
phuric acid,  two  drachms,  corrosive  sublimate,  one  drachm.  Mix 
and  shake  before  uSing.  Some  cases  will  be  cured  by  keeping  clean  and 
applying  glycerine,  four  ozs.  carbolic  acid,  one  drachm ;  mixed  and  ap- 
plied twice  a  day.  While  some  cases  are  cured  quite  readily  others  will 
not  heal  for  a  long  time 

For  obstinate  cases  use  the  following :  Take  one  pound  concentrated 
lye  and  dissolve  it  in  two  quarts  water,  and  bottle  for  use;  w^hen  needed 
pour  a  wine-glassful  of  the  solution  of -lye  into  six  quarts  of  cold  water, 
and  wash  and  bathe  the  heels  for  half  an  hour,  night  and  morning.  Dry 
the  heels  often  after  the  bathing,  as  they  will  become  very  moist.    (See 

Scratches.) 

HEAVES.  This  disease  is  due  to  rupture  and  enlargement  of  the  air 
cells  of  the  lungs,  which  lessens  the  value  and  usefulness  of  the  horse. 

There  is  every  degree  of  intensity  to  be  seen  in  this  disease,  from  the 
case  that  is  so  slight  that  only  the  expert  can  detect  it,  to  the  one  where 
the  patient  finds  it  very  difficult  to  breathe,  even  when  not  being  exer- 
cised. .   . 

Causes.    In  cases  of  heaves,  horses  are  always  greedy  eaters ;  and  it  is 


20 


HIDE-BOUND. 


LISTENING  TO  THE  SOUNDS 
MADE  WITHIN  THE  WIND- 
PIPE. 


generally  found  that  they  have  been  fed 
an  enormous  amount  of  hay  or  coarse 
food,  which  they  are  quite  sure  to  eat  if 
they  can  possibly  find  room  for  it. 

Heaves  are  never  found  in  racing  sta- 
bles, where  the  horses  are  properly  fed ; 
consequently,  it  is  but  reasonable  to  at- 
tribute the  cause  to  overfeeding  with  hay 
and  coarse  feed. 

Treatment.  Restrict  the  quantity  of 
hay,  and  increase  the  amount  of  grain 
fed,  which  will  give  the  lungs  increase  of 
room  to  act. 

1  shall  give  here  various  receipts  which 
experience  has  proved  to  be  good. 

w     A      .     Favorite  Receipts  for  Heaves. 

1st  Assaf^tida  pulv.  one  oz. ;  Camphor  gum  pulv.  one  half  oz.  Mix, 
and  divide  mto  four  powders;   feed  one  every  other  night  for  a  week. 

2d.  Resm,  two  ozs.,  tartar  emetic,  two  ozs. ;  Spanish  brown,  two  ozs. 
cayenne,  two  ozs.     Mix,  and  give  two  teaspoonfuls,  twice  a  day,  in  the 

3d.  A  horseman  with  whom  I  am  acquainted,  says  he  has  cured 
several  cases  of  heaves  with  oil  tar.  He  gives  the  ordinary  case  a 
teaspoonful  every  night  or  every  other  night,  by  pouring  it  on  to  the 
tongue  and  then  givmg  some  grain  which  carries  it  into  the  stomach. 

He  says  he  has  given  very  bad  cases  two  or  three  tablespoonfuls  at  a 
dose  with  grand  results. 

He  reports  it  to  be  the  best  remedy  in  use,  and  also  good  for  any  cough, 
or  to  put  a  horse  in  good  condition ;  in  fact  it  is  his  "cure  all." 

4th.  The  Condition  Powders  recommended  for  Epizootic  have  proved 
themselves  to  be  a  most  excellent  remedy  when  fed  quite  freely  for 
a  few  days.     (See  treatment  for  epizootic.) 

HIDE-BOUND.  A  term  used  to  denote  the  adherence  of  the  skin  to 
the  ribs,  when  the  horse  is  diseased.  It  usually  arises  from  a  deficiency 
in  the  quality  or  quantity  of  food,  and  is  commonly  an  attendant  on 
lingering  diseases. 

^  Treatment.    Give  mixed  feed-cut  hay,  bran  and  corn  meal,  wet  with 
just  enough  water  to  cause  the  whole  to  keep  to  "-ether 

The  following  powders  should  be  given  in  the"  feed,' every  night,  for 
two  weeks :  ./      »     > 

Powdered  gentian  root  three  drachms,  powdered  sulphate  of  iron,  two 
drarlims.     Mix,  and  give  for  one  dose. 
H^TS  ON  FOOD.    1st.  The  foundation  of  many  diseases  is  laid  in 


HIP-JOINT    LAMENESS.  21 

^  feeding  all  horses  in  the  same  proportions,  without  any  regard  to  age, 
constitution  or  the  work  which  the  horse  is  required  to  do.  The  impro- 
priety of  such  a  course  is  readily  seen. 

2d.  Bad  hay  has  not  proper  nourishment  in  it ;  therefore  it  would  be 
poor  policy  to  buy  it  simply  because  it  is  cheap,  as  it  is  often  very  dear 
in  the  end. 

3d.  Old  horses  will  do  better  on  chaflf  than  on  hay,  as  they  can  chew 
and  digest  it  better. 

4th.  There  is  not  sufficient  nutriment  in  grass  or  hay  alone  to  sup- 
port a  horse  well  under  hard  work. 

5th.  Corn  which  has  been  damaged  is  very  injurious,  as  it'will  pro- 
duce inflammation  of  the  bowels  and  skin  diseases. 

6th.  Oats  and  corn  are  the  best  nourishment  if  a  horse  is  worked 
hard,  but  if  not,  it  should  be  chiefly  hay,  because  corn  and  oats  supply 
more  nourishment  and  flesh-making  material  than  any  other  kind  of 
food ;  but  hay  not  so  much. 

7th.  For  a  coach  horse  four  to  six  quarts  of  good  oats  and  eighteen 
pounds  of  good  hay  are  usually  sufficient.  If  a  horse  should  be  worked 
hard  he  should  have  more  of  each ;  but  if  worked  but  little  he  should 
have  less. 

8th.  Chopped  hay  sprinkled  with  a  little  water,  which  has  had  a  tea- 
spoonful  of  salt  dissolved  in  it,  is  quite  pleasing  to  the  taste  of  the  horse, 
and  is  also  more  easily  digested. 

9th.  Spring  or  well  water  is  not  usually  as  good  for  a  horse  as 
water  from  a  stream  or  pond,  as  the  former  is  usually  hard  and  cold. 

10th.  Horses  require  and  should  have  at  least  a  pailful  of  water, 
morning  and  evening ;  or,  what  is  better,  give  a  half  pailful  at  four  dif- 
ferent times  in  a  day. 

11th.  A  horse  should  not  be  driven  nor  worked  hard  directly  after  he 
has  had  a  full  draught  of  water,  nor  soon  after  eating  heartily,  as  ex- 
ertion prevents  digestion. 

12th.  Do  not  allow  a  horse  to  become  accustomed  to  drinking  warm 
water,  for  if  compelled  to  drink  cold  at.  any  time  it  will  be  liable  to 
cause  colic. 

13th.  Do  not  work  nor  drive  a  horse  if  he  refuses  his  food,  after 
drinking,  until  you  have  given  him  rest. 

14th.  Do  not  feed  nor  water  a  horse  directly  after  his  coming  in  very 
warm,  but  let  him  walk  about  until  cool ;  groom  him  quite  dry  first  with 
a  wisp  of  straw  and  then  with  a  comb  and  brush,  and  rub  the  legs  well 
with  the  hand.     When  he  is  cool  give  him  his  grain. 

HIP-JOINT  LAMENESS.  This  disease  is  generally  seen  in  young 
horses  and  may  be  caused  by  rheumatism  or  by  some  accident,  although 
it  is  due  oftentimes  to  a  hereditary  taint. 


22 


INFLAMMATION   OF   STOMACH. 


Symptoms.  The  leg  appears  shorter,  and,  when  the  horse  is  standing, 
is  placed  slightly  under  the  body  and  not  doubled  up,  or  standing  upon 
the  toe  as  is  seen  in  diseases  of  hoek-joint.  In  nearly  all  cases  of  so- 
called  hip  and  whirl-bone  disease,  the  true  seat  of  disease  will  be  found 
to  bo  in  the  hock-joint.     (See  spavin.) 

In  liip-joint  lameness  there  is  a  dragging  or  swaying  motion  of  tho 
limb  outward.    An  extra  degree  of  heat  will  be  found  over  this  joint. 

Treatment.  Give  the  horse  absolute  rest  for  a  few  weeks  and  begin, 
when  first  allowed  to  rest,  to  apply  cold  water  cloths  over  the  hip- 
joint,  which  continue  one  or  two  days  or  more,  until  the  heat  and 
tenderness  have  been  removed. 

Then  apply  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  two  or  three  times  a  day  for  two  or 
three  weeks,  or  longer  if  necessaryj  and  allow  a  week's  rest  after  stop- 
ing  its  use. 

INFLAMMATION  OF  STOMACH  is  caused  generally  by  some  poi- 
son given  to  improve  the  coat  of  the  animal.  Some  persons  are  in  a 
habit  of  giving  powders  composed  of  poisonous  drugs  to  improve 
the  general  appearance  of  the  horse,  and  which,  if  given  in  proper 
quantities  and  sufficiently  diluted,  so  as  not  to  come  in  contact  with  the 
coating  of  the  stomach  while  in  its  full  strength,  might  perhaps  do  good 
in  many  cases,  but  when  given  by  an  ignorant  person  it  is  sometimes 
given  not  only  full  strength  but  in  large  doses  on  the  principle  that  if  a 
little  will  do  good  a  larger  amount  v/ill  do  more  good. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  is  frantic  on  account  of  the  excessive  pain,  but 
the  symptoms  are  not  decided  in  all  cases. 

The  following  symptoms  occur,  but  not  all  in  each  case;  nor  do 
they  occur  simultaneously.  Great  thirst;  loathing  of  food;  redness 
of  the  membranes ;  frequent  eruc- 
tations which  smell  bad ;  discharge 
of  thick  saliva;  rolling,  pav/ing, 
colic,  striking  at  the  belly,  panting, 
tucked-up  flanks,  quick  and  small 
pulse,  passing  mucus  in  large 
quantities,  straining,  looking  at 
the  abdomen,  loss  of  strength, 
convulsions,  madness  and  death.. 

Treatment.  Give  at  once  two 
ozs.  tincture  of  opium,  one  and 
a  half  ozs.  sulphuric  ether,  and 
two  ozs.  magnesia  in  one  quart  of 
cold  gruel  or  milk,  and  repeat  ii 
necessary.  Suffeking  from  acute  inflamma- 

If  corrosive  sublimate  is  known  tion  of  the  stomach. 


INFLUENZA. 


23 


IK  ^r  QO  raw  e^zs  with  the  above  drench, 
to  be  the  posion,  give   15  or  20  law  «=S^jy  ,  ■       ^f  the 

INFLUENZA.    An  epidemic  disease  occuriing  m  the  spiing 

^^T     ,  Aohill  sncceededbyincreasedheatofthebody,andfever, 

ent  cases.  ,  i^i„„i,pt   ond  place  him  in 

plenty  of  good  cold  water  to  drink. 


^  ^.QHKNT  S,OHT  WHEN  IT  ^^S  THK  CUSTOM  TO  BLEED 
AND  TREAT  TOO  ACTIYELT  IN  THIS  DISEASE. 

Then  gWe  the  foUowing:  PO-f^^^f ^r Vo^  tr::n;^^^^^^^^^ 
fenugreelc,  four  ounces,  and  P°^'lf^'"'^"l\  "^  „,  three  each  day. 
and  divide  into  twenty  five  powders  ^""f  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^l 
Allow  the  horse  to  have  rest  -*>  he  has   >  'y  ^-^^^^^^^^^ ^, ^,^  b„,,,. 

INTERFERING.    Th.s  >s  °^"f '^,*;,3'fotTt.  and  perhaps  justly 
although  the  blacksmith  IS  frequently  Warned  tm     ^     J^^  .^^^^f^^ng 

sometimes,  on  --""'«  '':;"=X^re:e     Yet  the  cause  is  generally 
might  have  been  avoided,  with  a  Uttie  caie. 

^tZZnt.    Give  the  strengthening  powder  recommended  for  treat- 
"k^CyS,  mSEASrOF.      The  straddling   gait,    as   represented 


24 


KIDNEYS,  DISEASE  OP. 


of  some  disorder  of  the  kidneys. 

Gravel.  Calculi,  stony  or  gritty 
matter  formed  in  the  kidneys,  which 
passes  off  in  the  urine.  It  causes 
some  irregularity  in  making  water 

Treatment,  Give  35  drops  of  mu- 
riatic acid,  in  a  pailful  of  water  to 
drink,  and  repeat  twice  a  week. 

Bloody  urine  should  be  treated  by 
placing  warm  water  cloths  over  the 
back,  above  the  kidneys,  and  givin- 
flaxseed  tea  to  drink,  which  will 
soothe  the  parts.  When  old  horses 
are  troubled  with  kidney  diseases 
they  can  be  helped  a  great  deal  by 
giving  soft  feed,  such  as  boiled  or 
'       steamedfeed,  or  newly  cut  grass,  with 

JriroZfr ^sr  ^it:^'  ^'--\^^^  --  -  those  of 

is  pressed  „pon  under  the  flunks  '"■°''"  "  '"""^  "''^"  "'«  "^^^^ 

whth1r«E  *ttr^   T  for  inflammation   of  the   kidneys. 

u  »ce.    \Tive  a  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil  or  other  nhv«i*.    oc  ^      • 
flammation  of  the  kidneys  ^^    ^'  ^^  ^°^  ^^- 

Inflammation  of  the  kidneys  is  caused 
by  bad  provender,  hard  work,  slipping, 
taking  a  sudden  cold,  after  a  hard 
day  s  work  or  drive,  or  after  being  un- 
der the  saddle  for  a  long  time;  and, 
also,  by  an  indiscriminate  use  of  nitre 
or  other  diuretics. 

Symptoms.  Quickened  and  short 
breathing,  suggestive  of  pain;  more 
or  less  fever,  with  quick,  hard  pulse; 
unwillingness  to  move  the  hind  legs 
which  the  animal  straddles  apart  when 
he  walks,  as  shown  m  the  engravino- 
above;  looking  anxiously  around  to 
his  flanks;  urine  scanty  and  hi'^h  .rir->^ 
colored,  and  sometimes  bloody     The  ""''  inflammation  of 

ujr.       xue  ^jjg  KIDNEYS. 


LAMENESS.  25 

horse  seldom  lies  down  and  almost  refuses  to  move  about,  and  crouches 
beneath  pressure  made  over  the  kidneys,  as  shown  in  the  engraving. 
This  disease  is  sometimes  confounded  with  colic,  which  see. 

Treatment.  Do  not  give  any  diuretics,  as  they  will  do  more  harm 
than  good.  Use  hot  fomentations  over  the  kidneys,  and  change  the 
cloths  often.  In  the  first  stage,  give  twenty  to  forty-five  grs.  of  pow- 
dered opium,  and  fifteen  grs.  of  calomel,  sprinkled  on  the  tongue,  and 
repeat  every  hour  or  two,  for  a  few  times,  or  while  the  acute  stage  con- 
tinues. No  food  will  be  necessary  during  the  acute  stage  of  the  disease, 
but  it  would  be  well  to  set  before  the  horse  a  pailful  of  good  linseed  tea 
and  allow  him  to  drink  all  he  will.  If  the  pulse  is  quick  and  hard,  as  is 
usually  the  case,  give  twenty  drops  of  tincture  of  aconite  root,  either 
between  doses  of  opium  and  calomel  or  after  it  has  been  given,  and  re- 
peat until  the  pulse  becomes  slower  and  softer.  Give  the  horse  a 
month's  rest,  and  use  carefully  for  some  time. 

lAMENESS.  It  occurs  as  a  symptom  in  spavin,  ring-bone,  bruises, 
sprains,  fractures,  and  many  wounds  and  injuries,  which  we  treat  of  in 
their  proper  places.  We  do  not  know  of  any  remedy  which  equals 
Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  for  lameness  of  every  kind,  and  it  is  equally 
good  for  lameness  on  man. 

LAMPERS.  (Written  also,  Lampass.)  A  swelling  of  some  of  the 
lower  bars  of  a  horse's  mouth;  so  named  because  formerly  removed  by 
burning  with  a  lamp  or  hot  iron. 

Treatment.  Pinch  or  cut  the  bars  until  they  bleed,  and  then  rub  in  a 
little  table  salt,  which  is  much  better  than  burning  the  mouth  with  a 
red  hot  iron. 

LUNGS,  DISEASES  OF.    The  lungs  are  subject  to  many  diseases. 

Pneumonia.  (Lung  fever.)  In  this  disease  the  substance  of  the 
lungs  is  inflamed,  instead  of  the  air  passages,  as  in  bronchitis. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  will  often- 
times, have  a  discharge  from  the 
nostrils,  following  a  sudden  ex- 
posure to  cold,  after  being  kept  in 
a  warm  stable,  and  then  the  disease 
is  ushered  in  by  a  chill,  followed 
by  fever,  which  is  increased  for  a 
short  time;  cold  legs  and  ears, 
quick  and  wiry  pulse,  quick  and 

dillicult  breathing, pain  in  the  chest,      "^""^^^l^^^"^ 
which  is  aggravated  by  coughing, 
and  a  quivering  of  the  muscles  of 
the  side  and  breast. 

The  horse  will  not  eat,  and  oontinually  stands  with  his  bead  down, 


COMMENCEMENT  OF  INFLAMMATION 
OF  THE  LUNGS. 


26  LUNGS,  DISEASES  OF. 

and  ears  lopped,  and  will  not  lie  down  nor  move  about ;  the  nostrils  are 
expanded.  If  the  ear  is  applied  to  the  side  of  the  chest  or  neck  a  pe- 
culiar creaking  noise  is  heard. 

Cause.  Perhaps  one  of  the  most  frequent  causes  is  a  hard  or  fast 
drive  against  a  cold  wind,  after  be- 
ing taken  from  a  warm,  tight  and 
poorly  ventilated  stable,  where 
several  horses  have  remained 
through  the  night ;  or  some  differ- 
ent alteration  and  sudden  change 
of  heat,  cold  or  moisture  in  an 
animal  not  accustomed  to  work,  or 
in  one  not  in  proper  condition  to 
work. 

Treatment.     The  stable  should 
be  a  comfortable  place;  not  too     position  assumed  in  the  last 
cold  and  yet  well  ventilated.    Give  stage  of  pneumonia. 

the  horse  clothing  according  to  the 

v/eather,  but  do  not  change  from  a  heavy  blanket  to  a  light  one,  nor  to 
one  that  is  damp.    Keep  the  legs  warm  with  bandages. 

Give  twenty-five  drops  of  the  tincture  of  aconite  root,  in  a  cupful  of 
cold  water,  and  repeat  the  dose  every  four  hours,  until  five  or  six  doses 
have  been  given,  which  will  probably  cause  the  horse  to  perspire  freely. 
Care  should  be  taken  not  to  allow  the  horse  to  stand  in  a  draft  of  air. 
Do  not  bleed  as  some  recommend.  It  was  my  misfortune  in  my  early 
life  to  place  a  horse,  sick  with  this  disease,  under  the  care  of  a  so-called, 
veterinary  surgeon  who  bled  the  horse  freely  and  directed  to  give  him 
large  doses  of  Dover's  powder  every  four  hours. 

I  was  not  only  the  five  dollars  out,  which  he  charged  me,  but  came  very 
near  being  out  a  good  horse.  The  horse  was  about  ruined  for  life,  and 
probably  would  not  have  lived  but  for  my  own  timelv  interference,  by 
supporting  the  horse  with  vigorous  tonic  and  stimulating  treatment. 

When  the  disease  turned  (as  commonly  expressed)  the  horse  needed 
every  drop  of  the  blood  which  had  been  so  cruelly  taken  from  him. 

After  the  horse  has  taken  sufticient  tincture  of  aconite  root,  as  soon 
as  he  seems  to  have  an  appetite  for  food,  a  pint  of  crushed  oats,  thorough- 
ly scalded,  may  be  given  during  the  day.  Great  care  should  be  taken 
not  to  allow  the  horse  a  large?  amount  of  food  at  one  time,  which  would 
overload  the  stomach,  and  might  cause  a  return  of  the  disease.  Little 
and  often  must  be  the  rule  at  first,  and  then  the  quantity  may  be  in- 
creased, while  the  frequency  is  diminished.  Do  not  give  any  hay  for 
several  days. 

Raw  eggs  and  other  nourishing  and  stimulating  articles  may  be  given^ 


if  the  horse  shows  signs  of  great  weakness.  The  nourishment  should 
be  in  a  concentrated  form  and  hay  and  grass  should  be  kept  from  the 
horse  for  a  few  days  and  then  given  in  quantities  small  at  first  and 
gradually  increased.  The  horse  will  not  lie  down  until  improvement 
has  taken  place. 

PLEURISY.  This  is  an  inflammation  of  the  membrane  covering  the 
lungs  an(?  lining  the  cavity  of  the  chest. 

Symptoms.  A  chill,  fever,  an  occasional  painful  and  short  cough, 
and  careful  breathing,  and  a  disinclination  to  turn  short.  A  peculiar 
hne  will  usually  be  seen  running  from  the  haunch,  round  the  belly  to 
the  breast-bone.  The  breathing  is  not  so  quick  and  short  as  in  inflam- 
mation of  the  lungs. 

Causes.  Broken  ribs  or  wounds,  and  other  causes  similar  to  those 
causing  lung  fever. 

Treatment.  The  treatment  should  be  about  the  same  as  for  lung  fever. 
Feed  well  while  the  horse  is  convalescing. 

Abscess  of  the  lungs.  This  is  sometimes  the  termination  of  lung  fever 
and  is  very  much  to  be  dreaded. 

Treatment.  Should  be  the  same  as  for  glanders,  and  the  patient  should 
be  supported,  if  necessary,  by  giving  raw  eggs,  tonics,  stimulants,  &c. 

NASAL  GLEET.  This  is  a  chronic  discharge  from  the  nostrils,  of  a 
whitish,  muco-purulent  matter.  It  is  generally  caused  by  neglecting  to 
treat  catarrh  and  colds  properly.  The  horse  may  look  well  and  feel 
well,  and  the  general  health  be  quite  good. 

Treatment.  Give  a  course  of  tonic  powders  and  feed  well.  Powders 
like  those  recommended  in  the  treatment  of  bots  will  do  well. 

NAVICULAR  DISEASE.     (See  foot  disease.) 

POLL-EVIL.  This  consists  of  a  formation  of  pus  like  an  abscess, 
and  is  familiar  to  all  horsemen. 

Cazise.    Disease  of  the  bene,  or  injury  to  the  part. 

Treatment.  Open  the  swelling  as  soon  as  it  has  become  a  little  soft, 
before  the  pus  has  time  to  burrow  down  among  the  bones,  and  thus  pre- 
vent the  spread  of  the  disease. 

Make  a  large  opening  so  as  to  allow  all  the  pus  to  escape,  and  clean 
out  well,  if  necessary,  with  a  swab,  so  as  to  remove  all  the  pus,  and  do 
this  twice  a  day  as  long  as  any  pus  remains.  Syringe  out  with  a  solu- 
tion of  carbolic  acid,  50  drops  to  each  pint  of  soft  water. 

PROUD  FLESH.  A  name  commonly  used  to  describe  an  excessive 
growth  of  flesh  on  an  ulcer,  or  excessive  granulation.  To  cure  this 
sprinkle  a  little  powdered  blue  vitrei  or  burnt  alum  on  the  surface. 

QUITTOR.  A  chronic  abscess  in  the  hoof,  caused  by  a  bruise  or 
prick  of  the  sole,  or  from  the  calk  of  one  foot  being  pressed  into  the 
coronet  of  the  other,  confined  pus  from  suppuration,  corn,  &c. 


28  RHEUMATISM. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  is  very  lame  on  account  of  the  inilaramation 
before  suppuration  takes  place,  but  is  relieved  somewhat  as  soon  as  the 
quittor  has  burst. 

Treatment.  This  should  begin  as  soon  as  any  lameness  is  discovered 
from  any  of  the  above  named  causes,  and  the  inflammation  stopped  if 
possible  before  suppuration  takes  place.  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  ap- 
plied freely  to  any  of  the  injuries  which  result  in  quittor,  will  prevent 
this  termination,  if  applied  in  season ;  but  if  it  is  not  cut  short,  then 
keep  clean  and  apply  a  solution  of  carbolic  acid,  one  oz.,  to  water, 
one  quart. 

Poultices  of  flaxseed  meal  are  sometimes  very  useful. 

RHEUMATISM.  In  acute  rheumatism  there  is  great  excitement  and 
fever  with  severe  pain  in  the  legs  and  joints.  The  pain  is  so  severe  that 
the  horse  hardly  dares  to  move  from  the  place  he  occupies,  on  account 
of  the  extreme  pain  which  it  causes.  He  has  no  unnatm-al  heat  in  the 
feet  as  in  founder. 

Cause.  Exposure  to  a  draft  of  cold  air  when  a  horse  has  been  heated, 
thus  suddenly  checking  perspiration. 

Treatment.  Place  the  horse  in  a  good,  comfortable  stable,  as  soon  as 
possible  after  it  is  discovered  that  he  is  afllicted  with  acute  rheuma- 
tism, and  commence  the  following  treatment.  Give  the  horse  about 
twenty-five  drops  of  the  tincture  of  aconite  root,  every  four  hours,  un- 
til five  or  six  doses  have  been  given. 

Cover  with  a  blanket  and  give  the  horse  general  good  care.  Give 
the  following  powders  as  soon  as  the  tincture  of  aconite  has  been  given. 
Bicarbonate  of  soda,  four  ozs.,  sulphur,  eight  ozs.,  saltpetre  powdered, 
four  ozs.,  mix, and  divide  into  eight  powders  and  give  two  or  three  times 
a  day,  according  to  the  severity  of  the  case,  and  repeat,  if  necessary. 

Apply  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  to  the  joints  or  to  any  part  which  swells 
or  is  tender. 

Chronic  Rheumatism.  This  is  a  frequent  cause  of  lameness  and  it  is 
oftentimes  quite  difficult  to  decide  fully  as  to  the  cause  of  the  lameness. 

Treatment.  For  this  form  of  the  disease  we  recommend  the  same 
powders  as  given  above  for  acute  rheumatism,  only  to  be  continued  a 
longer  time,  and  to  apply  the  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  to  the  afllicted 
parts.  Only  a  small  quantity  need  be  used  at  a  time  but  it  should  be 
rubbed  well  down  to  the  skin  and  continued  for  several  weeks  if  it 
should  be  necessary  to  continue  so  long.  The  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure 
used  twice  a  day  is  also  the  best  external  remedy  we  know  of  for  this  dis- 
ease in  man ;  but  it  should  be  used  for  some  time,  as  the  disease,  when 
of  long  standing,  can  not  be  cured  in  a  few  days.  It  may  be  applied  a 
small  quantity  at  a  time  and  continued  for  one  to  three  or  four  weeks 
if  necessary. 


niNG-BONE*  29 

RtNC-BONE.  (For  position  see  plate  of  skeleton.)  Ring-bone  is  the 
result,  usually,  of  weakness,  hereditary  predisposition,  or  of  a  peculiar 
formation  of  the  pastern  joints  which  makes  them  poorly  adapted  to 
hard  work ;  and  therefore  a  provisional  callous  (or  bony  substance)  is 
thrown  out  as  a  provision  of  nature  to  strengthen  parts  Avhich  are 
too  weak. 

Only  slight  injuries  to  such  a  joint  as  we  have  described  above  will 
in  many  cases  result  in  the  growth  of  a  ring-bone. 

Treatment.  The  treatment  of  ring-bone  has  been  very  unsatisfactory 
in  the  past  and  is  still  attended  with  much  difficulty  in  some  cases, 
especially  those  of  long  standing  and  on  old  horses ;  yet  we  feel  certain 
that  the  following  treatment  will  prove  successful  in 
a  large  share  of  cases,  if  persevered  in.  We  find  many 
'^^  persons  who  expect  a  cure  too  soon  and  condemn  the 

best  treatment  possible  before  they  have  used  it  long 
enough  for  it  to  have  any  effect  whatever,  and  there- 
fore we  say  if  you  would  treat  ring-bone  successfully 
never  stop  in  a  few  days,  as  so  serious  an  affection 
cannot  be  removed  in  so  short  a  time.  If  it  is  of  re- 
cent origin,  and  the  horse  is  young  we  feel  confident 
that  nearly  all  such  cases  can  be  cured  with  a  proper 
use  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure ;  but  if  the  case  is  of 
long  standing  and  on  an  old  horse  the  chances  of  a 
ETNG-BONE.  cure  are  lessened,  and  therefore  we  find  it  neces- 
1.  The  joint  between  g^ry  in  many  cases  to  use,  with  the  Spavin  Cure, 
1^?St  toen  Kendall's  Blister,  as  per  direction  on  the  bottle., 
the  lower  pastern  (or  In  using  the  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  clip  the  hair 
small  pastern)  and  over  the  bunch  and  apply  from  every  other  day  to 
the  coffin  bone.  two  or  three  times  a  day  as  seems  to  work  best;  rub 

well  with  the  hand  often.  In  most  cases  it  would  be  best  to  apply  soft 
soap,  once  in  four  to  ten  dsys,  to  soak  up  the  scab,  then  clean  off  and  ap- 
ply Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  again.  In  some  very  bad  cases  where  the 
Spavin  Cure  does  not  seem  to  remove  the  bunch  and  lameness,  after 
using  one  bottle,  it  would  be  best  to  use  our  blister,  followed  by  the  ap- 
plication of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  every  day,  for  two  or  three  weeks, 
when  the  blister  can  be  repeated,  if  necessary. 

In  using  Kendall's  Blister  clip  the  hair  over  the  bunch  and  rub  in  the 
blister  well  for  ten  minutes  or  more.  Put  on  some  sweet  oil  or  other 
grease  in  two  days.  When  the  inflammation  subsides  wash  with  cas- 
tile  soap  and  warm  water,  and  when  it  is  dry  apply  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure  as  directed  on  bottle.  If  the  case  does  no.t  yield  in  two  or  three 
weeks,  use  the  blister  again  as  before,  followed  by  the  Spavin  Cure  in 
two  or  three  days. 


80  SADDLE  GALLS. 

Tie  np  the  horse's  head  for  a  few  hours  after  the  Blister  has  been  ap- 
plied. "We  would  sav  that  this  blister  works  admirably  alone  in  many 
cases  (not  only  for  ring-bone  out  also  for  spavins,  curbs,  &c,)  and  is 
particularly  of  great  value  in  connection  with  the  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure  for  old  and  bad  cases  which  do  not  seem  to  yield  to  the  use  of  the 
Spavin  Cure  alone. 

(Where  the  Kendall's  Blister  cannot  be  had  of  your  druggist,  send  $  1. 
to  B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.,  Enosburgh  Falls,  Vt.,  and  they  will  send  a  box 
by  return  mail.)  Give  the  horse  a  few  weeks'  rest  after  the  cure  seems 
to  be  complete. 

SADDLE  GALLS  are  sores  produced  by  the  saddle  or  by  any  other 
part  of  the  harness. 

Treatment.  The  cause  should  be  removed  by  attending  to  the  saddle 
or  other  part  of  the  harness  and  adjusting  it  so  as  to  remove  the  press- 
ure. Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  is  used  with  excellent  success  for  all  such 
"ores  by  applying  a  small  quantity  twice  a  day.  If  the  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure  cannot  be  obtained,  get  at  a  drag  store  Laudanum  two  ozs.  Tannin 
two  drachms  and  mix  and  apply  twice  a  day. 

SCRATCHES.  An  inflammation  of  the  skin  of  the  heel  of  a  horse, 
thcfirst  appearance  of  which  is  usually  a  dry  and  scurvy  state  of  the 
skin  of  the  heel,  with  redness,  heat  and  itching,  (See  grease  heel.) 

Treatment.  Wash  the  affected  parts  clean  with  castile  soap  and  warm 
soft  water,  and  dry;  then  use  glycerine,  eightozs.,  carbolic  acid  1  drachm, 
mixed  and  applied  twice  a  day,  washing  as  above  when  necessary  to 
keep  the  parts  clean.     Also  see  treatment  for  grease  heel. 

It  has  been  reported  to  us  that  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  applied  twice  a 
day,  after  washing  as  above,  has  worked  nicely.  It  is  w  ell  usually  to 
give  condition  powders:  saltpetre  four  ozs.,  sulphur  eight  ozs.,  copperas 
four  ozs.,  fenugreek  twelre  ozs.,  gentian  four  ozs. ;  mix,  and  give  a  ta- 
ble-spoonful twice  a  day. 

SHOULDER-LAMENESS.  This  is  common  among  young  horses 
when  plowing  in  the  furrow,  or  it  may  result  from  a  slip  sidewise  by  a 
horse  of  any  age.  Horses  in  cities  are  especially  liable  to  this  difficulty. 
The  muscles  of  the  shoulder  and  sometimes  the  shoulder  joint  is  inovlved. 

Symptoms.  Heat,  tenderness,  and  sometimes  swelling  of  the  parts. 
It  is  sometimes  difficult  to  ascertain  the  exact  location  of  the  lameness, 
but  by  making  a  thorough  examination  of  all  parts  and  finding  no  lame- 
ness, heat,  or  tenderness  in  other  parts,  it  will  be  quite  certain  that  the 
difficulty  is  located  in  the  shoulder,  especially  if  it  is  found  hot  and  tender. 
The  horse  steps  shorter  with  the  sound  leg  than  with  the  lame  one, 
which  he  drags  along.     In  nearly  all  diseases  of  the  foot  the^^  horse 


SHOULDER-JOINT    LAMENESS.  31 

Stretches  the  leg  out  straight  forward,  but  in  shoulder  lameness  it  will 
be  carried  out  more  from  the  body. 

Treatment.  The  horse  should  have  entire  rest,  f.nd  the  shoulder  should 
have  cold  water  cloths  applied  to  it  for  two  or  three  days  and  changed 
frequently.  As  soon  as  the  heat  has  been  reduced  the  cold  water  cloths 
may  be  left  off  and  KendalPs  Spavin  Cure  applied  twice  a  day  for  a  few 
days  or  until  the  lameness  subsides.  In  some  cases  KendalFs  Blister 
would  work  admirably. 

In  applying  the  Blister  place  it  where  the  friction  from  the  collar  will 
not  affect  it.  Allow  the  horse  a  rest  of  two  or  three  weeks  after  the  cure 
seems  to  be  complete  and  the  treatment  is  stopped. 

SHOULDER-JOINT  LAMENESS.  This  difficulty,  being  located  in 
the  joint,  is  much  more  serious  than  the  shoulder  lameness  just  described, 
and  it  is  more  difiicult  to  effect  a  perfect  cure  of  it. 

Symptoms.  The  animal  drags  the 
leg,  with  the  toe  on  the  ground,  and 
throws  the  leg  out  in  attempting  to 
move  it.  It  is  with  great  difficulty 
that  he  can  raise  his  foot. 

Treatment.  If  the  treatment  is  not 
put  off  too  long  a  cure  may  reason- 
ably be  expected,  if  the  following  di-        ^ 

rections  are  followed.     This  disease  ' ='-^^^^-/f^/^'^^^^-" 

being  similar  to  a  spavin  in  the  hock-  dkagging  the  forward  foot 
joint  should  have  similar  treatment.  an  indication  of  SHOULDER 

If  the  part  is  very  hot  reduce  the  lameness. 

temperature  by  cold  cloths  as  recommended  for  shoulder  lameness,  or 
perhaps  hot  fomentations  may  work  well  instead  of  the  cold — then  apply 
Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  two  or  three  times  a  day  as  directed  for  spavin. 
If,  after  one  bottle  of  Spavin  Cure  has  been  used,  the  case  does  not  im- 
prove as  fast  as  is  thought  it  should,  use  KendalPs  Blister,  as  recom- 
mended for  ring-bone  and  follow  it  with  the  Spavin  Cure  as  before. 
(See  also  treatment  of  spavin.) 

Give  the  horse  a  good  bedding  with  dry  sawdust  or  some  soft  bed  for 
his  front  feet  to  stand  on,  as  he  will  be  liable  to  stamp  on  the  floor  with 
his  foot,  and  in  this  way  you  will  avoid  the  concussion  to  the  shoulder. 

SIDE  BONES.  This  is  a  species  of  ring-bone.  The  side  cartilages 
of  the  joint  become  ossified  but  do  not  extend  around  as  in  ring-bone. 
The  treatment  should  be  the  same  as  for  ring-bone. 

SKIN  DISEASES.  There  are  many  different  varieties  of  skin  dis- 
eases and  yet  many  seem  to  be  produced  by  the  same  causes  but  present 
different  appearances  in  different  horses. 


32 


MANGE,   ITCH   AC. 


THE  MANGE  INSECT. 


BALDNESS.  This  is  produced  by  faulty  digestion  sometimes,  when 
small  pimples  appear  in  abundance  and  contain  a  fluid.  In  this  form 
turn  the  horse  to  grass  or  give  soft  feed. 

When  caused  by  blisters,  burns,  &c., 
if  the  true  skin  has  not  been  destroyed,  ap- 
ply, three  or  four  times  a  week,  the  follow- 
ing mixture.  Glycerine,  four  ozs.,  tincture 
of  cantharides,  two  ozs.,  mixed. 

Some  cases  do  well  by  using  the  following 
— iodine,  one  drachm,  lard,  two  ozs.,  mix 
and  rub  down  to  the  skin  twice  a  week. 

MANGE,  ITCH  &C.  These  are  conta- 
gious diseases  caused  by  an  insect  burrow- 
ing in  the  skin. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  rubs  himself 
against  anything  he  can  get  at.  Small  pim- 
ples are  seen  about  the  head  and  neck  and 
under  the  mane. 

The  hair  falls  off  and  leaves  the  skin  exposed,  with  red  colored  points 
nnd  fissures,  the  skin  becomes  dry  and  bald  and  there  is  great  itching. 

Treatment.  Give  the  horse  a  good  scrubbing,  with  a  coarse  brush,  and 
then  wash  him  well  with  castile  soap  and  soft  water  and  dry  carefully. 
As  soon  as  the  horse  is  thoroughly  dried,  apply  an  ointment  made  as 

follows :  sulphur,  four  ozs. 
lard,  ten  ozs.,  carbolic  acid, 
^  oz.,  mixed. 

This  disease  being  con- 
tagious, persons  should  be 
careful  to  have  everything 
used  about  the  horse  thor- 
oughly cleansed  and  sub- 
jected to  great  heat,  by 
steaming  or  boiling,  to  de- 
stroy the  insect  which  is 
the  cause  of  the  disease.  It 
would  be  well  to  apply 
some  of  the  ointment  giv- 
en above  to  parts  of  the 
stall,  rubbing-posts  &c. 
SORES.  Of  the  great 
SYMPTOMS  OF  MANGE.  Variety  of  sores  many  are 

what  might  be  teimed  healthy  soies  while  others  become  unhealthy 


/^ 


SPAVIN.  33 

The  former  are  best  treated  with  tincture  of  opium,  two  ozs.,  tannin 
one  drachm,  mixed  and  applied  in  small  quantities  two  or  three  times  a 
day.  The  unhealthy  sore  is  best  treated  by  cleansing  the  sore  and  apply- 
ing Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  twice  a  day.  In  some  cases,  where  there  is 
proud  flesh,  cauterize  the  part  with  nitrate  of  silver  or  blue  vitriol,  and, 
after  a  few  hours,  apply  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure. 

Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  has  given  entire  satisfaction  whenever  used,  to 
our  knowledge,  for  healthy  or  unhealthy  sores,  on  man  or  beast.  It 
should  be  used  by  applying  a  small  quantity  directly  into  the  sore  after 
it  has  been  cleansed. 

SPAVIN.  (For  location  see  cut  of  skeleton.)  In  nearly  all  cases  of 
lameness  in  the  hind  leg  the  seat  of  disease  will  be  found  to  be  in  the 
hock-joint,  although  many  persons  (not  having  had  experience)  locate 
the  difficulty  in  the  hip,  simply  because  they  cannot  detect  any  swelling 
of  the  hock-joint;  but  in  many  of  the  worst  cases  there  is  not  seen  any 
swelling  or  enlargement  for  a  long  time  and  perhaps  never. 
BONE  SPAVIN  is  a  growth  of  irregular  bony  matter  from  the  bones 
of  the  joint,  and  situated  on  the  inside,  and  in  front  of 
the  joint. 

Cause.  The  causes  of  spavins  are  quite  numerous, 
but  usually  they  are  sprains,  blows,  hard  work,  and,  in 
fact,  any  cause  exciting  inflammation  of  this  part  of 
the  joint.  Hereditary  predisposition  in  horses  is  a  fre- 
quent cause. 
Symptoms.  The  symptoms  vary  in  different  cases. 
BONE  SPAVIN  ^^  some  horses  the  lame  ness  comes  on  very  gradually, 
while  in  others,  it  comes  on  more  rapidly. 

It  is  usually  five  to  eight  weeks  before  any  enlargement  appears. 
There  is  marked  lameness  when  the  horse  starts  out,  but  he  usually 
gets  over  it  after  driving  a  short  distance,  and  if  allowed  to  stand  for  a 
while  will  start  lame  again. 

There  is  sometimes  a  reflected  action,  causing  a  little  diflerence  in 
the  appearance  over  the  hip  joint,  and,  if  no  enlargement  has  made  its 
appearance,  a  person  not  having  had  experience  is  vei*y  liable  to  be  de- 
ceived in  regard  to  the  true  location  of  the  difficulty.  The  horse  will 
stand  on  either  leg  in  resting  in  the  stable,  but  when  he  is  resting  the 
lame  leg,  he  stands  on  the  toe. 

If  the  joint  becomes  consolidated  the  horse  will  be  stiff  in  the  leg  but 
may  not  have  much  pain. 

Treatment.  That  we  may  not  be  misunderstood  in  regard  to  what 
we  mean  by  a  cure,  we  would  say  that  we  mean  to  stop  the  lameness, 
and  in  most  cases  to  remove  the  bunch  on  such  cases  as  are  not  past 
any  reasonable  hopes  of  a  cure. 


84 


SPAVIN. 


Natural  action. 
Leg  brought  for- 
ward. 


Effect  of  a  bad  Spav- 
in. Leg  not  brought 
forward. 


But  we  do  not  mean  to  be  un- 
derstood that  in  a  case  of  anchy- 
losis (stiff-joint)  we  can  again  re- 
store the  joint  to  its  original  con- 
dition; for  this  is  an  impossibil- 
ity, owing  to  the  union  of  the  two 
bones  making  them  as  one.  Nei- 
ther do  we  mean  that,  in  any  ordi- 
nary case  of  bone  spavin  which  has 
become  completely  ossified  (that 
is  the  bunch  become  solid  bone) — 
that  in  such  a  case  the  enlarge- 
ment will  be  removed. 

In  any  bony  growths  like  spav- 
in or  ring-bone  it  will  be  exceed- 
ingly difficult  to  determine  just  when  there  is  a  sufficient  deposit  of  phos- 
phate of  lime  so  that  it  is  completely  ossified ;  for  the  reason  that  in 
some  cases  the  lime  is  deposited  faster  than  in  others,  and  therefore 
one  case  may  be  completely  ossified  in  a  few  months  while  in  another  it 
will  be  as  many  years. 

They  are  the  cases  which  are  not  completely  ossified  that  we  claim  to 
remove.  One  of  this  class  which  we  have  seen  removed  was  a  large 
bone  spavin  of  four  or  five  years  standing,  and  we  think  that  a  large 
per  cent,  of  cases  are  not  fully  ossified  for  several  months  or  years. 

We  are  well  aware  that  many  good  horsemen  say  that  it  is  impossi- 
ble to  cure  spavins,  and  in  fact  this  has  been  the  experience  of  horse- 
men until  the  discovery  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure.  It  is  now  known 
that  the  treatment  which  we  recommend  here  will  cure  nearly  every 
case  of  bone  spavin  which  is  not  past  any  reasonable  hopes  of  a  cure, 
if  the  directions  are  followed,  and  the  horse  is  properly  used. 

In  using  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  apply  it  two  or  three  times  a  day 
until  the  lameness  has  all  subsided,  and  then  gradually  decrease  the 
quantity  used,  or  only  apply  it  once  or  twice  a  day. 

If  it  is  necessary  to  use  the  horse  much,  apply  only  at  night.  When 
the  enlargement  has  been  removed  the  medicine  may  be  left  off,  and 
the  horse  should  have  several  weeks'  rest.  Although  some  horses  can 
be  put  at  light  work  as  soon  as  the  cure  is  complete,  yet  we  would  rec- 
ommend that  all  be  allowed  to  rest  for  several  weeks. 

Some  have  an  erroneous  idea,  thinking  that  in  using  a  bottle  of  Ken- 
dall's Spavin  Cure  it  makes  no  difference  about  the  time  taken  to  apply 
it,  and  therefore  have  used  the  whole  of  a  bottle  in  two  or  three  days, 
and,  as  they  see  no  perceptible  change  they  discard  the  medicine  before 
it  has  had  time  to  take  any  effect— to  such  we  would  say,  only  a  little 


OCCULT   SPAVIN.  85 

will  be  absorbed  and  the  remainder  goes  to  waste ;  therefore  apply  it 
only  over  just  the  size  of  the  spavin,  and  enough  to  wet  it  well,  for  two 
or  three  times,  at  each  application,  and  rub  it  well  down  to  the  skin 
each  time,  with  a  small  swab,  or  the  finger,  until  it  has  been  absorbed, 
and  repeat  this  two  or  three  times  a  day  and  continue  using  the  medicine 
until  the  cure  is  complete,  which  takes  usually  from  two  to  eight  weeks, 
or  longer,  according  to  the  age  and  condition  of  the  spavin.  Much 
also  depends  upon  how  the  horse  is  used. 

In  some  very  bad  and  old  cases,  if  the  lameness  does  not  subside  after 
using  one  bottle  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  it  would  be  well  to  apply 
KendalPs  Blister  as  directed  on  box,  and  follow  up  with  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure  for  two  or  three  weeks,  and  repeat  the  Blister  several  times 
if  necessary.  The  Blister  is  not,  like  some  we  have  seen,  so  powerful 
as  to  destroy  the  skin  and  other  tissues ;  yet  it  is  very  well  adapted,  when 
used  with  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  to  the  treatment  of  old  and  bad  cases 
which  do  not  seem  to  yield  with  the  Spavin  Cure  alone.  (We  will  send 
our  Blister  by  mail  to  any  address  on  receipt  of  price,  $  1.) 

After  a  few  days'  use  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  a  thick,  firm  scab  is 
usually  formed,  which  if  pulled  oft'  will  take  the  hair  with  it;  yet  it 
does  not  aftect  the  growth  of  the  hair.  The  better  way  is  to  apply  soft 
soap  to  soften  up  the  scab  and  in  2  or  3  hours  wash  well  and  when  dry 
apply  again,  as  before.  (See  testimonials  and  other  information  in 
another  part  of  this  book.) 

We  give  no  other  treatment,  as  our  experience  with  various  other 
remedies,  including  blisters,  liniments,  &c.,  has  heen  very  unsatisfactory ^ 
as  has  been  the  experience  of  horsemen  all  over  the  world ;  but  Ken- 
dall's Spavin  Cure,  when  properly  used,  has  given  entire  satisfaction. 
See  "  our  experience  with  bone  spavin'''^  on  page  64  of  this  book. 

OCCULT  SPAVIN.  This  is  similar  to  bone  spavin  in  its  nature,  the 
difference  being  that  the  location  is  within  the  joint,  so  that  no  enlarge- 
ment is  seen,  which  makes  it  more  difficult  to  come  to  a  definite  conclu- 
sion as  to  its  location,  and  consequently  the  horse  is  oftentimes  blis- 
tered and  tormented  in  nearly  all  parts  of  the  \eg  but  in  the  right  place. 

The  causes  and  effects  are  the  same  as  in  bone  spavin, 
and  it  should  be  treated  in  the  same  way. 

These  cases  are  often  mistaken  for  hip  disease,  be- 
cause no  enlargement  can  be  seen. 

Bog  Spavin.  The  location  of  this  kind  of  spavin  is 
more  in  front  of  the  hock-joint  than  that  of  bone 
spavin,  and  it  is  a  soft  and  yet  firm  swelling.  It  does  not 
generally  cause  lameness. 

Treatment.    Use  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  as  directed  blood  spavin 


36 


SPRAIN. 


A  splint  near 
the  knee. 
A  low  splint. 
A  small  bony 
growth  on  the 
front  of  the 
leg,  also  called 
Splint. 


for  bone  spavin,  and,  if  the  enlargement  is  not  removed 
in  two  to  four  weeks,  apply  Kendall's  Blister,  as  direct- 
ed for  bone  spavin,  and  continue  the  Spavin  Cure. 

Blood  Spavin.  This  is  similar  to  bog  spavin  but 
more  extended,  and  generally  involves  the  front,  inside 
and  outside  of  the  joint,  giving  it  a  rounded  appearance. 
The  swelling  is  soft  and  fluctuating.  Young  horses  and 
colts,  especially  if  driven  or  worked  hard,  are  more 
liable  to  have  this  form  of  spavin  than  older  horses. 

Treatment.    For  this  form  of  spavin  (especially  bad 
cases)  we  would  recommend  our  Blister,  to  be  applied 
every  two  weeks  for  a  few  times,  and  the  Spavin  Cure   i. 
to  be  used  between  times  of  blistering,  as  recommend- 
ed on  box.    Rub  well,  with  the  hand,  often.  2. 

SPLINT.    This  is  a  small,  bony  enlargement,  Jand     * 
generally  situated  on  the  inside  of  the  fore-leg,  about  3 
or  4  inches  below  the  knee  joint,  and  occurs  frequent- 
ly in  young  horses  when  they  are  worked  too  hard. 

T7xatme7it  should  be  the  same  as  for  bone  spavin,  which  see. 

SPRAIN.  By  this  is  meant  the  sudden  shifting  of  a  joint  farther 
than  is  natural,  but  not  so  as  to  produce  dislocation.  Every  joint  is  lia- 
ble to  sprain  by  the  horse's  falling,  slipping,  or  being  overworked.  These 
cases  cause  a  great  deal  of  trouble,  oftentimes  producing  lameness, 
pain,  swelling,  tenderness  and  an  unusual  amount  of  heat  in  the  part. 

Treatment.  Entire  rest  should  be  given  the  horse,  and  if  the  part  is 
found  hot,  as  is  usually  the  case,  apply  cold  water  cloths,  changing  fre- 
quently, for  from  one  to  three  days  until  the  heat  has  subsided,  when  ap- 
ply Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  twice  or  three  times  a  day,  rubbing  well 
with  the  hand. 

If  the  fever  is  eonsiderable,  it  might  be  well  to  give  15  drops  of  tinc- 
ture of  aconite  root,  three  times  a  day,  for  one  or  two  days,  while  the 
cold  water  cloths  are  being  applied.  Allow  the  horse  a  rest  of  a  few 
weeks,  especially  in  bad  cases,  as  it  is  very  difficult  to  cure  some  of 
these  cases,  unless  the  horse  is  allowed  to  rest. 

STAGGERS.  A  disease  of  horses  resulting  from  some  lesion  of  the 
brain,  which  causes  a  loss  of  control  of  voluntary  motion.  As  it  gener- 
ally occurs  in  fat  horses  which  are  well  fed,  those  subject  to  these  at- 
tacks should  not  be  over-fed.  The  cause  is  an  undue  amount  of  blood 
flowing  to  the  brain. 

Treatment.  The  aim  of  the  treatment  should  be  to  remove  the  cause. 
In  ordinary  cases  give  half  a  pound  of  epsom  salts,  and  repeat  if  neces- 
sary to  have  it  physic,  and  be  careful  about  over-feeding. 

In  mad  staggers  it  would  be  well  to  bleed  from  the  neck  in  addition  to 
giving  the  epsom  salts. 


STIFLE-JOINT   LAMENESS. 


37 


PATELLA,   OR  WHIKLBONE 
DISPLACED. 


STIFLE-JOINT  LAMENESS.  This  is  not  one  of  very  common  occur- 
rence, but  occurs  occasionally  in  colts  kept  on  uneven  ground,  which  in- 
duces dislocation  of  the  stifle,  or  patella,  which  slips  off  from  the  round- 
ed heads  of  the  bones  when  the  horse  steps. 

It  sometimes  occurs  in  horses  which  are  kept  on  bad  food,  or  in  those 
which  are  constitutionally  weak. 

Symptoms.  The  horse  stops  sud- 
denly and  extends  one  of  the  hind  legs 
backwards.  The  pastern  is  flexed 
and  the  head  raised,  as  shown  in 
the  engraving,  and  there  is  a  swelling 
upon  the  outer  side  of  the  pastern,  with 
great  pain.  It  sometimes  occurs  in 
colts  on  the  slightest  cause. 

Treatment.     Any  flurry  may  restore 
the  bone  to  its  proper  place,  in  colts, 
but  for  cases  which  do  not  become  re- 
placed, in  colts  or  horses,  get  into  a 
shed  and  fix  a  rope  to  the  pastern  as 
shown  in  the  engraving,  and  throw  the  other  end  over  a  beam.    Then 
while  one  person  pulls  the  leg  upward  and  forward,  another  should  stand 
by  the  quarters  and 
push  the  dislocated 
patella  inward  with 
both  hands.     Feed 
well  and  give  the 
horse  5  or  6  weeks' 
rest,  or  place  him 
in  a  level  pasture, 
and  have  him  shod, 
with  a  piece  of  iron 
projecting  from  the 
toe,    especially    if 
the  toe    has    been 
worn    off.      Apply 
Kendall's     Spavin 
Cure  over  the         the  manner  of  replacing  the  patella. 
stifle,  as  directed  for  spavin,  to  remove  the  soreness  and  pain. 

SWEENEY.  {Atrophy.)  This  is  a  wasting  away  of  the  muscles  of 
the  shoulder,  and  is  said  to  be  caused  by  some  disease  in  the  foot  or  leg. 

Treatment.  Treat  any  disease  found  in  the  foot  or  leg  as  directed  in 
other  parts  of  this  book.  Apply  to  the  shoulder  soft  soap  with  a  little 
salt  added,  four  or  five  times  a  week,  and  rub  well. 


THOROUQHPIN. 


THOROUGHPIN.  An  affection  accompanying  blood  spavin,  and 
generally  caused  by  excessive  labor. 

Symptoms.  A  round  tumor  going  through  the  leg  and  appearing  on 
the  outside  and  in  front  of  the  joint  of  the  hock.  Thoroughpin  is  the 
same  disease  as  blood  spavin,  on  a  more  extensive  scale,  causing  the  en- 
largement to  extend  through  the  joint  from  one  side  to  the  other. 

Treatment.     Same  as  for  blood  spavin,  which  see. 

TUMORS    are  swellings  or  enlargements  of  any  part  of  the  body. 

They  vary  according  to  their  situation  and  nature. 

Treatment.  The  treatment  varies  with  different  horsemen.  And  we 
would  say  that  in  some  cases  it  might  be  best  to  have  them  cut  out,  and 
yet  there  are  many  other  cases  which  can  be  removed  by  the  use  of 
Kendairs  Spavin  Cure,  applied  as  directed  for  spavin.  We  now  have 
in  mind  a  case  of  a  bony  tumor  which  had  been  sawed  off  by  a  surgeon, 
but,  from  some  cause,  continued  to  grow ;  after  it  had  again  reached 
quite  a  large  size  the  owner  of  the  horse  began  to  use  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure,  and,  after  he  had  used  one  or  two  bottles,  told  us  that  the  tumor 
was  nearly  removed,  and  on  examination  we  found  it  quite  difficult  to 
detect  it. 

WATER  FARCY  is  the  result  of  weakness  in  the  old,  and  of  inflam- 
matory action  in  the  young.  By  long  continued  labor,  from  twelve  to 
eighteen  hours  each  day,  the  horse,  already  debilitated,  is  by  abuse  made 
a  fit  subject  for  water  farcy. 

It  is  the  custom  of  some  to 
feed  largely  on  Saturday  night 
and  not  to  visit  again  until 
Monday  morning,  when  they 
are  liable  to  find  the  animal,  so 
cruelly  treated,  with  one  swol- 
len leg.  The  horse  holds  the 
leg  up  as  seen  in  the  engraving 
and  will  generally  be  lame. 
He  is  in  too  much  pain,  and  is 
too  tired,  to  eat,  but  will  be 
very  thirsty  on  account  of  the 
agonies  which  his  cruel  treat-  the  driver's  first  visit  on 

ment  has  brought  upon  him.  Monday  morning. 

When  water  farcy  occurs  let  it  be  understood  that  it  is  because  the 
horse  has  been  worked  too  long  and  too  hardly  and  that  if  the  animal 
is  not  better  cared  for  Farcy  will  be  the  result. 

Treatment.  Let  the  work  be  lighter,  the  nourishment  sufficient  and 
of  better  quality,  and  the  stable  kept  clean  and  well  ventilated.  Lead  the 
horse  out,  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  gentle  exercise.    As  soon  as  the 


WIND   GALLS. 


39 


limb  will  bear  friction  let  it  be  well  rubbed  with  the  hands,  and  this  re- 
peated often.  Bathe  with  cold  water  and  rub  dry.  If  the  lameness  and 
swelling  continue  take  two  parts  of  alcohol  and  one  of  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure,  mix,  and  bathe  the  leg  with  the  mixture,  and  rub  well.  Then  take 
iodide  of  potassium,  one  drachm,  pulv.  gentian,  one  drachm,  pulv.  ginger, 
one  drachm,  sulphate  of  iron,  one  drachm,  linseed  meal,  two  ozs. ;  make 
into  a  ball  and  give  at  one  dose,  repeating  every  day  for  several  days. 

Prepare  the  above  balls  as  they  are  wanted  each  day,  because  the 
iodide  of  potassium  should  be  kept  in  a  vial  until  it  is  wanted  for  use. 
Always  begin  the  treatment  as  soon  as  possible. 

WIND  GALLS.  Soft  swellings  or  enlargements  just  above  the  fetlock 
joints,  which  are  caused  by  over-  exertion  or  by  sprains.  They  are  of  a 
similar  nature  to  blood  spavin  and  may  be  treated  in  the  same  way;  or 
place  exactly  on  the  wind  galls  pieces  of  cork  covered  with  cloth  large 
enough  to  press  them  down,  and  wet  with  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  and 
keep  the  corks  pressed  on  the  galls  by  the  use  of  a  rubber  bandage,  only 
removing  it  when  the  horse  is  used  and  when  it  is  necessary  to  wet 
the  compress. 

Apply  only  a  little  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  to  the  compress,  and  be 
careful  not  to  have  it  so  tight  as  to  cause  strangulation  of  the  leg,  but 
only  as  tight  as  can  be  without  causing  strangulation.  Remove  the 
compress  as  soon  as  there  are  any  signs  of  soreness,  and  bathe,  once  or 
twice  a  day,  with  the  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  until  all  soreness  has 
subsided.  Care  should  be  exercised  in  the  use  of  the  compress,  or  sores 
may  be  produced.     (See  directions  for  the  treatment  of  bone  spavin.) 

WORMS.     There  are  several  kinds  of  worms  which  infest  the  horse, 

some  of  which  produce  a  vast 


amount  of  mischief. 

TENIA.  {Tape  Worm.)  These 
trouble  the  young  mostly  and  are 
usually  caused  by  starving  the 
mare  when  with  foal,  and  by 
breeding  from  old  animals.  The 
dam  and  sire  should  be  in  perfect 

The  horse  rubs  his  nose  violeBtly  againBt  a    ^^^^^^    ^^  ^   valuable    COlt   is    de- 
wall  when  there  is  irritation  Irom  worms,        sired.       Gentle    work    is    always 

better  for  the  mare  than  to  remain  without  work. 
Symptoms.    When  tape-worm  is  present  there  is  checked  development, 

large  abdomen,  large  head,  long  legs,  ravenous  appetite,  unhealthy  coat, 

thin  body,  fetid  breath.    The  colt  picks  and  bites  its  own  hair,  rubs  its 

nose  against  a  wall,  or  strains  it  violently  upwards. 
Treatment.     Give  spirits  of  turpentine.     For  a  colt  three  months  old 

give  from  one  fourth  to  one  half  ounce ;  six  months  old  one  half  to  one 


40  YELLOW   WATEKS. 

ounce ;  one  year,  one  to  one  and  a  half  ounces ;  two  years,  one  and  one 
half  to  two  ounces ;  four  years,  three  to  four  ounces.  Also  procure  one 
pound  of  quassia  chips  and  pour  three  quarts  of  boiling  water  on  to 
them ;  then  mix  a  proportional  dose  of  the  quassia  infusion  with  the 
turpentine  and  cause  it  to  blend  together  by  stirring  in  well,  with  yolks  of 
eggs.  Add  twenty  grains  of  powdered  camphor  gum  and  give  the  dose 
the  first  thing  in  the  morning. 

Feed  well  afterward  and  give,  every  morning  until  the  coat  is  glossy, 
muriated  tincture  of  iron,  from  one  to  ten  drachms,  according  to  age, 
and  also  Fowler's  Solution,  from  one  fourth  to  three  drachms. 

LuMBRici.  Long,  round  worms  which  are  sometimes  seen  eighteen 
inches  long.     They  prey  upon  the  weakly,  whether  old  or  young. 

Treatment.  Give  one  drachm  tartar  emetic,  worked  into  a  ball  with 
linseed  meal  and  flour,  every  morning,  until  the  desired  effect  is  ac- 
complished. Or  give  calomel,  three  drachms,  taitar  emetic,  one  drachm, 
mixed  and  made  into  three  balls,  to  be  given  at  night,  for  three  nights ; 
and  give,  one  day  after  the  last  ball,  a  good  purging  ball. 

Pin  Worms.  This  variety  of  worms  inhabits  the  rectum,  and  causes 
great  itching  posteriorly,  which  causes  the  horse  to  rub  its  hair  off 
against  the  wall. 

Treatment.  Most  medicines  are  deprived  of  their  activity  because 
they  do  not  reach  the  rectum ;  therefore  it  is  best  to  treat  with  injections 
which  will  come  directly  in  contact  with  the  parasites.  Take  one  ounce 
catechu  and  a  quart  of  water,  and,  when  dissolved,  give  as  an  injection, 
and  repeat  for  seven  mornings.  On  the  eighth  da,y  give  a  mash;  at 
night  follow  with  one  half  oz.  aloes,  and  one  drachm  of  calomel.  Re- 
peat the  above  if  necessary.    Injections  of  tobacco  smoke  work  well. 

YELLOW  WATERS.  This  affection  is  the  result  of  liver  disease 
and  has  derived  its  name  from  the  characteristic  color  of  the  mem- 
branes of  the  eyes,  nose  and  mouth,  which  have  a  peculiar  yellowness 
that  is  caused  by  the  liver's  being  diseased,  so  that  its  natural  functions 
are  not  properly  performed,  and  a  large  amount  of  bile  is  thrown  back 
into  the  blood,  instead  of  being  carried  off  in  its  natural  way,  and  only 
eliminated  partially  through  the  kidneys.  It  occurs  more  often  in  the 
horses  which  are  highly  fed  and  have  nothing  to  do,  than  in  any  others. 

Treatment.  Give  ginger,  two  drachms,  powdered  mandrake  root,  one 
drachm,  powdered  aloes,  four  drachms;  mix,  and  give  at  one  dose. 
Feed  the  horse  with  soft  feed  and  grass  to  loosen  the  bowels.  Repeat 
the  above  dose  as  often  as  shall  be  necessary,  which,  in  most  cases,  per- 
feapSs  woTold  be  about  every  other  day. 


DOSES   FOR   THE   HORSE. 


41 


DOSES    FOR    THE    HORSE. 


Name  of  Drug. 


Aloes. 
Alum. 
Anise  Seed. 
Aqua  Aimnonia. 

Arsenic. 

Assafoetlda. 
Bicarbonate  of  1 
Potash.  J 

Bismuth. 

Black  Antimony. 

Blue  Vitriol. 
Calomel. 
Camplior. 
Cantharides. 
Carbolic  Acid. 
Castor  Oil. 
Cayenne. 
Chlorate  of        ") 
Potash.  J 

Copperas. 
Croton  Oil. 
Digitalis  leaf. 
Epsom  Salts. 
Ether. 

Fo  /ler'sSolutlon 

Gentian  Root. 

Ginger. 

Glauber- Salts. 

Iodide  of  / 

Potassium.         ) 

Linseed  Oil,  Raw 

Magnesia. 

Mercurial     Oint>- 
ment. 

Nux  Vomica. 


Opium. 

Prepared  Chalk. 
Quinine. 
Saltpetre. 
Soda  Bicarb. 

Soda  Sulphite. 

Solution  of  Lime. 

Spirits    of   Chlo 
roform. 

Strychnia. 

Sulphur. 

Sweet  Spirits  of 

Nitre. 
Tannic  Acid. 


Action  and  Use. 


Laxative  and  Tonic. 
Astringent. 

Aromatic  and  Stomachic. 
Stimulant  and  Antacid. 
Alterative   and  tonic,  used  for 
Paralysis,  Mange,  &c. 
Anti-spasmodic,  Coughs,  &c. 
I  Diuretic  and  Antacid.    Good  for) 
Rlieumatism.  J 

For  Chronic  Diarrhoea,  &c. 

Promotes  the  Secretions. 

Astiingent  and  Tonic. 

Cathartic. 

Anti-spasmodic. 

Diuretic  and  Stimulant. 

Externally  and  Disinfectant. 

Cathartic. 

Stimulant  and  Carminative. 
(Diuretic.    Given    for    bloating, 
1     &c. 

Tonic  and  Astringent. 

Powerful  purgative. 

Sedative  and  Diuretic. 

Cathartic  and  febrifuge. 

Anti-spasmodic. 
Useci  for  skin  diseases.    See  Ar- 
senic, a  preparation  of 

Tonic. 
Tonic,  Stimulant  and  Stomachic. 
Used  for  flatulent  colic,  dys- 
pepsia, &c. 

Cathartic. 

( Diuretic  and  Alterative.  Used  J 
<  for  Rheumatism,  Dropsy,  En-  [ 
(     larged  Glands,  &c.  ) 

Cathartic  and  Nutritive, 
f  For  colts  as  an  antacid  and  laxa-  \ 
\     tive.  j 

(  Used  for  Mange,  itch,  lice  and  ) 
(     other  parasites.  ) 

(  Nervous  stimulant— used  for  Pa- ) 
I     ral^'  sis.  ) 

{Anodyne    and  Anti-spasmodic] 
Given  in  Colic,  Inflammation  of  > 
Bowels,  Diarrhoea,  &c. 

Antacid. 

Tonic,  given  during  convalescence. 

Diuretic  &  Febrifuge. 

Similar  to  Bicarb,  Potash. 

{  Antiseptic  and  Alterative,  used 

)     for  blood  diseases. 

f  Antacid,  used  as  an  antidote  to 

I     poisoning  by  acids. 

Anodyne  and  Anti-spasmodic. 

(  Tonic  and  Stimulant.    Used  for 
/     Paralysis. 

(  Alterative  and  Laxative.     Used  J 

'     for  Skin  diseases  and  Rheuma-  > 

tism.  ) 

j  Diuretic  and  Diaphoretic. 

Astringent. 


Dose. 


1-2  to  1  oz. 

2  to  3  drs. 
1-2  to  2  ozs. 
1  to  4  drs. 

1  to  5  grs. 

1  to  3  drs. 

3  to  5  drs. 

1-2  to  1  oz. 

1-4  to  1-2  dr. 

1-2  to  1  dr. 
10  to  40  grs. 
1-2  to  1  dr. 
3  to  6  grs. 

1-2  to  1  pt. 

5  to  25  grs. 

1  to  2  drs. 

3^  to  lU  drs 
lOtolSd'p'; 
10  to  20  grs 

2  to  8  ozs. 
1-2  to  2  ozs 

1  to  4  drs. 

1  to  2  drs. 

|2  to  5  drs. 

6  to  12  ozs. 

1-2  to   1   1-2 
drs. 

1  to  2  pts. 

14  to  1  oz. 


[15  to  25  grs 

1-4  to  1  dr. 

1-2  to  1  oz. 
15  to  50  grs. 
1  to  3  drs. 

3  to  8  drs. 

1-2  to  1  oz. 

4  to  6  ozs. 
1  to  2  ozs. 
1-2  to  1  gr. 

1-2  to  2  ozs. 

^toli^ozs 
20  to  40  grs. 


Aj^tidote. 


Vinegar. 
Magnesia  and  oil. 

{  Vinegar   and   raw 
\     Linseed  Oil. 

\  Infus'n  of  oak  bark 
/  Give  also  lins'd  oil. 

Eggs,  Milk  &c. 
Eggs  and  miii. 


Eggs;  soap;  gruel. 


Opium. 
Stimulate. 


I  Hydrated  peroxide 
I     of  iron. 


( Give  freely  starch 
<  or  flour,  with  wa- 
( ter  largely. 


{  Whites  of  eggs  with 
/  milk  given  freely. 
rSaleratus  followed 
I  quickly  by  cop- 
1  peras  both  dis- 
[  solved  in  water. 

Belladonna,  strong  coffee, 
brandy  <fe  ammonia.  Dash 
cold  water  on  and  keep 
the  horse  moving. 

( Linseed  oil  largely. 
IRaw. 


Tobacco. 


42 


DOSES    FOR   THE    HORSE — CONTINUED. 


Tarfoir  Emetic. 

Tiucture  of  Ac- 
onite Root. 

Tincture  of  Can- 
tharides. 

Tincture  Er^ot. 

Tincture  Iodine. 


Tincture  Iron. 

Tr.  Nux  Vomica 
Tincture  Opium 

White  Yitriol. 


Sedative  and  Alterative. 

i  Sedative.    Used  for  lung  fever  &c. 
Stimulant  and  Tonic. 
Parturient. 


Used  externally. 

{  Tonic  and  Astringent.  Used  for  I 
tjijhoid  diseases.  \ 

I  Tonic.    Stimulant   in   Paralysis  | 

I  and  Dyspepsia.  ) 

Anodyne  and  Anti-spasmodic. 

Astringent.       Used     for    cuts 
wounds  and  sores  in  solution. 
For  a  colt  one  month  old,  give  one  twenty-fourth  of  the  full  dose  for  an  adult  horse  as 
given  above;  three  months  old,  one-tsvelf th ;  six  months  old,  one-sixth;  one  yearolf^ 
one-third;  two  years  old,  one  half;  three  years  old,  three-foiurths. 


1-8  to  1-2  dr. 

15to35d'p's 

1  to  2  ozs. 

1  to  2  ozs. 

1-2  to  1  oz. 

2  to  4  drs. 

1  to  2  ozs. 

5  to  15  grs. 

Tannic  Acid. 

(  Give  Bmall  doses  of  Nu< 
•J  vomica  and  etimulanta 
( largely  and  keep  moving. 


See  Nux  Vomica. 

See  Opium. 

Milk,      eggs      and 
flour. 


IN  MEASURING  LIQUIDS 

A  table  spoonful  is  equal  to  half  an  ounce  by  measure. 

A  dessert-spoonful  is  equal  to  one-fourth  ounce,  or  two  drachms. 

A  tea-spoonful  is  equal  to  one  drachm. 

A  tea-cup  is  estimated  to  contain  about  four  fluid  ounces,  or  a  gill. 

A  wine  glass  about  two  fluid  ounces. 

The  above-named  household  implements  vary  in  size  and  capacity,  so 
that  usually  it  is  difiicult  to  measure  with  them  accurately ;  yet,  for  nearly 
all  medicines,  it  will  be  near  enough  for  all  practical  purposes,  except- 
ing some  tea-cups  are  now  made  to  hold  six  or  eight  ounces,  so  that  if 
the  medicine  to  be  measured  is  poison  it  is  well  to  give  smaller  doses 
if  the  exact  capacity  is  not  known.  It  is  best  for  those  having  much 
use  for  measures  to  procure  a  glass  graduate  which  will  measure 
drachms  and  ounces. 


A  VERY  FOOLISH  MANNER 
OF  TORTURING  HORSES. 


A  BETTER  AND  MORE  HUMANE  WAY  OF 
TREATING  OUR  FAITHFUL  FRIEND. 


THE   AGE    OF   THE    HORSE. 

THE  AGE  OF  THE  HORSE, 

Determined  by  the  appearance  of  the  teeth. 


43 


The  safest  way  of  determining  the  age  of  a  horse  is  by  the  appearance  of  the  teeth, 
which  undergo  certain  changes  in  the  course  of  years.  Although  it  may  be  impossible 
to  give  any  rules  which  will  be  found  to  be  exactly  connect  in  every  case  yet  the  following 
classification  is  generally  con-ect;  but  exceptions  will  occur,  as,  for  instance,  a  noble 
horse  ma}^  be  taken  for  younger  than  he  really  is,  because  the  strong  sti'ucture  of  all  the 
bones  makes  the  teeth  also  stronger  than  those  of  a  horse  of  the  same  age,  of  an  inferior 
breed. 

Eight  to  fourteen  days  after  birth,  the  first  middle  nippers  of  the  set  of  milk  teeth  are 
cut  (Fig.  1) ;  four  to  six  weeks  afterwards,  the  pair  next  to  them  (Fig.  2);  and  finally, 
after  six  or  eight  months,  the  last,  (Fig.  3). 

All  these  milk  teeth  have  a  well-defined  body  and  neck,  and  a  slender  fang,  and  on 
their  front  surfaces  grooves  or  furrows,  which  disappear  from  the  middle  nippers  at  the 
end  of  one  year;  from  the  next  pair  in  two  years;  and  from  the  incisive  teeth  (cutters) 
in  three  years. 

At  the  age  of  t\vo  the  nippers  become  loose  and  fall  out;  in  their  places  appear  two 
pemianent  teeth,  with  deep,  black  cavities,  and  full,  sharp  edges  (Fig.  4). 

At  the  age  of  three,  the  next  pair  (Fig.  5)  fall  out. 

At  four  years  old,  the  corner  teeth  fall  out  (Fig.  6) . 

At  five  years  old,  the  horse  has  his  permanent  set  of  teeth. 

The  teeth  grow  in  length  as  the  horse  advances  in  years,  but  at  the  same  time,  his  teeth 
are  worn  away,  by  use,  about  one-twelfth  of  an  incH  every  year;  so,  that  the  black  cav- 
ities of  the  center  nippers  below  disappear  in  the  sixth  year  (Fig.  7) ;  those  of  the  next 
pair  in  the  seventh  year  (Fig.  8.) ;  and  those  of  the  corner  teeth,  in  the  eighth  vear  (Fig. 
9).    Also  the  outer  corner  teeth  of  upper  and  lower  jaw  just  meet  at  eight  years  of  age. 

At  nine  years  old,  cups  leave  the  two  center  nippers  above,  and  each  of  the  two  upper 
corner  teeth  has  a  little  sharp  protrusion  at  the  extreme  outer  corners,  (Fig.  10.) 

At  the  age  of  ten  the  cups  disappear  fi-om  the  adjoining  teeth. 

At  the  age  of  eleven,  the  cups  disappear  from  the  corner  teeth  above,  and  are  only  in- 
dicated by  brownish  spots. 

The  oval  form  becomes  broader,  and  changes,  from  the  twelfth  to  the  sixteenth  year, 
more  and  more  into  a  triangular  form,  and  the  teeth  lose,  finally,  with  the  t^ventieth  year, 
all  regularity.  There  is  nothing  remaining  in  the  teeth  that  can,  afteruvards,  clearly 
show  the  age  of  the  horse,  or  justify  the  most  experienced  examiner  in  giving  a  positive 
opinion. 

The  tushes  or  canine  teeth,  conical  in  shape,  with  a  sharp  point,  and  curved,  are  cut 
between  the  third  and  fourth  year;  their  points  become  more  and  more  rounded,  until 
the  ninth  year,  and  after  that,  more  and  more  dull  in  the  course  of  years,  and  lose,  final- 
ly, all  regular  shape.    Mares  have,  frequently,  no  tusks,  or  only  very  faintly  indicated. 


44 


BREEDING. 


BREEDING. 


This  very  important  subject  is  too  often  neglected.  A  common  mis- 
take in  breeding  is  often  made,  that  mares  are  bred  from  after  they 
become  useless  for  work,  regardless  of  hereditary  diseases  which  may 
be  transmitted  to  their  offspring.  It  should  be  remembered  that  one 
of  the  characteristic  laws  of  life  is  the  reproduction  in  kind — "  like 
begets  like." 

Both  parents  should  be  selected  with  reference  to  their  individual 
points  of  excellence  and  also  so  that  the  points  of  one  may  be  adapted 
to  the  points  of  the  other,  for,  although  both  may  be  excellent,  individu- 
ally, the  points  which  characterize  one  may  actually  counteract  those 
of  the  other ;  but  if  defects  exist  the  breeder  should  be  sure  that  it  is 
merely  accidental  and  not  natural. 

None  but  sound  parents  should  be  bred  from ;  (accidents  of  course  are 
not  to  be  regarded  as  unsoundness).  Both  parents  should  be  free  from 
any  infirmity  relative  to  a  vicious  temper  or  bad  disposition,  although 
the  points  of  excellence  in  one  may  sometimes  counteract  the  bad  points 


BREEDING.  45 

in  the  other  relative  to  that  defect.  Great  care  should  be  exercised  that 
the  same  defect  does  not  exist  in  both. 

Some  knowledge  of  the  parentage  of  the  sire  and  dam  is  therefore 
indispensable. 

For  ordinary  business  purposes  the  best  form  of  a  mare  to  breed  from 
is  a  short-legged  beast,  with  a  deep  and  roomy  chest,  wide  hips,  and 
so  built  in  every  way  as  to  indicate  a  robust  animal  with  a  strong  con- 
stitution. Always  avoid,  if  possible,  selecting  a  mare  for  breeding 
purposes  which  has  ringbone,  spavin  or  any  disease  that  will  render  the 
offspring  liable  to  be  afflicted  with  the  same,  by  hereditary  descent. 

The  "breed  "  should  be  taken  into  consideration  also.  If  it  is  desired 
to  raise  a  carriage  beast  select  a  mare  with  a  good,  animated  counte- 
nance, sprightly,  not  too  nervous  nor  too  sluggish,  but  with  a  general 
muscular  structure.  The  head  of  the  brood-mare  is  a  point  which  should 
be  always  regarded,  for  a  mare  that  has  a  large  head,  with  a  dull,  stupid 
countenance,  will  not  breed  a  good  foal,  unless  it  might  be  from  a  very 
sprightly,  ambitious  horse.  The  shoulder  blade  should  be  wide  and 
long,  extending  nearly  to  the  top  of  the  withers,  and  so  well  covered 
with  muscle  as  not  to  present  any  undue  prominence. 

The  neck  should  come  out  from  the  top  of  the  withers  and  not  low 
down ;  the  fore-leg  should  be  perpendicular  so  that  the  point  of  the 
shoulder  and  the  toe  will  be  in  a  right  line ;  the  foot  should  be  sound 
and  of  good,  symmetrical  shape. 

The  hips  should  be  long,  oval  and  broad ;  the  hock  joint  should  be 
well  formed  and  not  of  the  "  cow-hock  "  or  "  sickle-hock  "  kind. 

In  selecting  a  stallion  the  rules  which  we  have  already  given  should 
be  observed,  remembering  that  compactness  is  quite  essential,  that 
much  goodness  and  strength  may  be  condensed  into  a  small  space.  The 
shoulder  should  be  well  back,  with  the  shoulder  blade  lying  obliquely, 
except  that  when  it  is  desired  to  raise  a  slow,  draught-horse  a  large 
stallion  with  upright  shoulders  should  be  selected. 

In  summing  up  the  whole  matter  we  would  say,  if  you  would  be  suc- 
cessful in  breeding  do  not  breed  into  the  same  family  and  blood,  but 
select  a  horse  of  different  blood  unless  it  should  be  eight  or  ten  genera- 
tions removed. 

Avoid  using  a  horse  which  is  defective  in  any  particular,  when  the 
mare  has  the  same  defect,  but  select  one  as  nearly  perfect  as  possible  in 
that  point.  Do  not  breed  small  mares  with  very  large  horses,  for  there 
should  be  mutual  adaptation  in  size  and  form,  as  we  have  before  stated. 


46 


SHOEINQ. 


SHOEING. 


With  a  poor  hoof  an  otherwise 
valuable  horse  becomes  almost 
worthless,  so  that  the  common 
saying,  "no  foot,  no  horse,"  is 
practically  correct ;  for  this  reason, 
the  subject  of  horse  shoeing  is  one 
which  should  receive  much  atten- 
tion, as  it  is  by  poor  shoeing  that 
so  many  horses  are  rendered  al- 
most valueless  for  life. 

For  want  of  space  we  can  only  ^  _^      _       ..    _ 

give  some  of  the  more  important  points  which  should  be  observed  in 
order  to  preserve  the  hoof  in  a  natural  and  healthy  condition. 

The  hoof,  m  its  natural  state,  is  adapted  only  to  a  grassy  surface;  so 
that,  when  we  wish  to  bring  the  horse  into  practical  use  upon  our  hard 
and  stony  roads,  it  becomes  necessary  to  protect  the  hoof,  by  shoeing, 
from^  the  unnatural  wear  and  tear  which  it  is  subjected  to. 

.Pv  '>f  Tf  ^Vli^'  "'^'"''"'^  '^'^'  ^^  ^^^'^^  "^  ^h'-^^-^  ^f  tl^«  ^^^^  who  are 
peimitted  to  do  this  very  important  work,  of  shoeing  the  horse,  are  so 

Ignorant  of  the  nature  and  structure  of  the  foot  and  the  principal  rules 

which  shoiadguu\e  them  in  doing  this  very  important  branch  of  work. 

It  IS  a  gi-eat  fault  of  nearly  all  shoers  that  they  cut  and  pare  with  the 

Idea  of  improving  the  foot,   when  their  aim  should  be,  mainly,  to  let 

nature  have  her  course  as  much  as  possible,  or,  in  other  words,  to  im- 

itate  the  natural  condition  of  the  foot  and  only  pare  away  such  parts  as 

noHhrf  T.'  T  f  •  ^''^  ^^^"^  ^^^""^^^  ^'^^^'  b^  «"-^  '-  the  foot  and 
whi. tn!n  .  r  "'  ''  '""  "^'"^  Vr^ci\se(\.  That  part  of  the  hoof 
which  should  not  have   pressure  is  the  portion  between  the  bar  and 

ab^:t^i!;?rinr"""  ^'^"^'  '^  "-^^^^  ^^^  ^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^-  ^-^'  ^- 

The  frog  should  be  allowed  to  come  to  the  ground,  which  will  pre- 

nlact  r/^r^  f"';;''  '^'  ^^"^"^^^^^  vvhich  would  otherwise  take 
^]^  ^A  ^^^^''''3  fioiddnot  he  eut  down,  as  is  frequently  practised  nor 
should  it  be  touched,  when  healthy,  except  for  the  purpose  of  clean  ing 


47 


In  parin-  the  foot  be  very  careful  not  to  cut  down  the  outside,  so  as 
.  »^Wth°e  entire  wei-'ht  to  rest  on  the  inside  of  the  shoe  upon  the  sole ; 
r  TnTv  out  awav  The  dead  portion  of  horn  on  the  sole,  and  cut  down 
T.  win  tomleel  to  toe  until  the  bearing  is  natural,  leaving  it  ejen 
Ind  Is  ne^  iTs  nlill  state  as  possible.  _  A  red  hot  shoe  should  not  be 

''V.IZt  SrdVho^M  Cnaton  the  condition  of  the  foot 
and  the  condition  of  the  roads.  &c.  The  flat  shoe,  when  properly  ap- 
^Ued  leave"  tlie  foot  nearest  its  natural  shape,  by  allowmg  the  horse  a 
^ood'  even  foundation  to  stand  upon,  and  is  most  likely  to  S've  sat.  ac- 
gooa,  even  louuuai,  seasons  of  the  year  it  will  be 

i:^r;;iit;::s.r:r- -r^^^oi^nariiy  th^e  foot  shouM 

wWch  comesirdlrect  contact  with  the  hoof,  the  under  surface  being  par- 
tial^ coucaU.  so  as  U>  assist  the  horse  in  grasping  the  ground,  to  pre- 
vpnt  sliDDino-  and  to  assist  in  progressing.  ^  „„tf^„„ 

T,:ll^Ll:i:^"l^^^^'^^yon,  the  heel  Of  thehoof  more 

than  about  k  of  an  inch.  correspond  with  the 

i  oTrfoorerpt°at'rt:i!  wLelhe  Shoe  should  be  a  little 

-^rp^rei^:::;^^^^^^^^^^ 

Many  peisons  aie  ^^^^  ^^^  ^^       ^^^  ^^^^e 

':rr;r:::^ti:etfso":f  riid  dnving  the  nans  mto  the  .uic. 

which  would  cause  ^^^ous  lameness  and  mj^^^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^^ 

Do  not  rasp  -der  the  nai  -es,  noi  «;  ^^^^  ^^.^^  ^^^  ^^,^^^^^^ 

X^  iu"  tZt:eTl^:^te  to  round  the  edge  and  do  not  cut  down 

¥n  l^^r^  t^^X  .r  ;very  other  Mnd  of 
A  nail  foi  a  horse  s  iool  ^^.^^  .^  ^^^^^^^ 

f'  t  tlsTmtnan'tthS  SuldV  made  from  the  very  best  of 
be  made ;  it  is  irapoi  lam  .,,      .      y         an^j  all  sulphurous  gases 

i,on  free  f--  f -;^--^;.f  Yt       ^etm^k  that  evei/shoer  knows 
in  the  process  °f  "f^""  ^^  J^^  J^  ,od.  needs  no  argument  to  con- 

that  a  nail /or^e^f-f'^^f^^if;;  thus  obtained  than  by  pimching, 
yince  any  one  that  a  belter  nan  '"  >■  numerous  and  well- 

rolling  and  shearing  tliem  f-°^^  ^^^^P/.^'^"  JXeT^^^ed  by  using 


SHOEING. 

the  cold  rolled  nail,  because  no  shoer  can  take  the  risk  nf  •   •     •      u- 
customer's  horse.  "^^  ^^  mjurmg  his 

hoMTe?hoil;:i^  ':i  str;\ol;::i^^  ^^f  ^^^  ^^-  -^^^^  -  -^^ 

holes  and  the  heads^he  e.^lTefel^^^^^^         ,'TT  ''^  ^^"^  '"  ^^^ 
:--^  ground  surface  when  finished  thf  1        ^L  ^"^  P^'^^J^^^  ^^^^^^ 

ing  when  brought  in  contact  witLtres'^":^^^^  '1l  '^^"^^  '^'^^  ^'^^- 

ankle.  scones,  and  saving  the  injuring  of  the 

This  drawing  is  made  from  a  nail 
such  as  are  used  in  Oriental  countries, 
lor  attaching  shoes  t»  their  horses 
leet  and  have  been  employed  since 
the  15th  century. 

This  is  an  ordinary  hand-made 
nail  made  from  the  rod  when  at  a 
welding  heat  and  still  in  use  in 

^^^^^sta^^Mi  the  in..,J:f''f^::t^:r^%t::i 

Nails  which  were  thi 
first  successfully  in- 

with  those  of  hand-make 

when  ready  for  use,  and 

has  no  equal  in  the  long 

list  of  machine  made  nails. 

This  drawing  represents  a 
c  ross  section  of  iron  from 
A  rhicn  the  cold  punched  and 
sheared  nails  are  made  by 

by  means  of  a  punch  which  gi.es  a  *ta.  slr^S  No'T'  T'tZ 
same  a.  No.  I  but  made  Hot  instead  of  cold.    Thes7blanks  are  Z 

en^  the  .Je.  points,  which  con^t  ThJtu  "o^o^r Voo^ 

No.    4  represents   the    piece 
which  is  removed  by  shearing 

duces  the  nail  No  5  comnlet^     Aii         '^'^  ""^^"^u   ""^  ^''-  ^'  ^^^  P^O" 
etu  iNo  D,  complete.    All  are  aware.,  that  the  rolling  of  iron 


SHOEING. 


49 


cold  produces  what 
is  termed   lamina- 
tion, causing  the  iron 
to  separate  in  layers  as  shown  in  Fig.  6  a.    But  as  the  compression  of 

4  

shearmg  holds  the  edges  together,  it 

,^  does  not  show  itself  until  driven  into 

the  hoof,  when  the 
horny  fibres  cause  them 
to  separate  while  being 

driven,   and   one  portion  i  s 
forced  into  the  foot  and  the  oth- 
er out  through  the  wall  of  the 
hoof,  thus  causing  lameness, 
lockjaw   and   death   as   has 
been   frequently  the  case 

since  the  introduction  of  cold  rolled  nails,  which  the  records  of  state 

courts,  as  well  as  the  testimony  of  celebrated  horse  owners,  abundantly 

show. 

This  drawing  was  taken  from 

a  hoof  to  show  the  result  of  a 

cold  rolled  and  sheared  pointed 

nail  which   produced  the  death 

of   a    valuable    animal  and    for 

which    carelessness    the  owner 

received  no  remuneration. 


50  MISCELLANEOUS   RECEIPTS. 


MISCELLANEOUS  RECEIPTS. 


For  Colic. 

{See  treatment  of  Colic.) 

No.  1.  Take  of  laudanum,  1  ounce,  spirits  of  turpentine,  U  ounces; 
mix,  and  give  at  one  dose,  in  three  times  the  amount  of  warm  water. 

No.  2.  Sulphuric  ether,  1«^  ounces,  laudanum,  1  ounce,  essence 
peppermint,  2  ounces,  water,  16  ounces;  mix,  and  shake  well  before 
giving. 

For  Heaves. 

(See  Treatment  of  Heaves.) 

No.  1.  One  teaspoonful  of  lobelia,  given  in  the  feed,  once  a  day,  for  a 
week,  and  then  once  or  twice  a  week,  will  stop  them  for  a  time. 

No.  2.  Balsam  copaiba,  1  ounce,  spirits  of  turpentine,  2  ounces,  bal- 
sam fir,  1  ounce,  cider  vinegar,  16  ounces ;  mix,  and  give  a  tablespoon- 
ful  once  a  day. 

No.  3.  Saltpetre,  1  ounce,  indigo,  h.  ounce,  rain  water,  four  pints ; 
mix,  and  give  a  pint  twice  a  day. 

No.  4.  Liquorice,  elecampane,  wild  turnip,  fenugreek,  skunk-cab- 
bage, lobelia,  cayenne,  and  ginger,  equal  parts  of  each ;  mix,  and  give 
a  tablespoonful  once  or  twice  a  day ;  if  the  horse  refuses  to  eat  it  in 
feed,  make  it  into  a  ball  and  give. 

Contracted  Hoof  or  Sore  Feet. 

No.  1.  Take  equal  parts  of  soft  fat,  yellow  wax,  linseed  oil,  Venice 
turpentine,  and  Norway  tar ;  first  melt  the  wax,  then  add  the  others, 
mixing  thoroughly.     Apply  to  the  edge  of  the  hair  once  a  day. 

No.  2.  Benzine,  1  ounce,  salts  of  nitre,  1  ounce,  alcohol,  3  ounces, 
aqua  ammonia,  2  ounces,  Venice  turpentine,  8  ounces.  Mix,  apply  to 
the  edge  of  the  hair,  and  all  over  the  hoof,  once  a  day,  for  ten  days,  then 
twice  a  week  for  a  short  time. 

No.  3.  Rosin,  4  ounces,  lard,  8  ounces ;  heat  them  over  a  slow  fire, 
then  take  ofi'  and  add,  powdered  verdigris  1  ounce,  and  stir  well  to  pre- 
vent its  running  over;  when  partly  cool  add  2  ounces  spirits  of  tui*pen* 
tine.    Apply  to  the  hoof  about  one  inch  down  from  the  hair, 


MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS.  51 

Horse  Liniments. 

No.  I.  Oil  spike,  oil  origanum,  oil  hemlock,  oil  wormwood,  aqua 
ammonia,  camphor  gum,  of  each  2  ounces ;  olive  oil,  4  ounces,  alcohol, 
one  quart.     Mix.     This  is  an  excellent  liniment  for  man  or  beast. 

No.  2.  Oil  origanum,  oil  amber,  sweet  oil,  of  each  one  ounce;  oil 
spike,  aqua  ammonia,  and  oil  of  turpentine,  of  each  two  ounces.    Mix. 

No.  3.  Linseed  oil,  8  ounces,  turpentine,  8  ounces,  oil  origanum,  4 
ounces.  Mix  well.  This  is  excellent  for  sprains  and  bruises,  and  is 
good  as  a  general  liniment. 

No.  4.  Oil  spike,  1  ounce,  oil  origanum,  2  ounces,  alcohol,  16  ounces. 
Good  for  lameness  resulting  from  almost  any  cause. 

No.  5  Take  equal  parts  of  alcohol,  chloroform,  aqua  ammonia, 
Jamaica  rum  and  water,  and  mix. 

For  Scratches  and  Grease  Heel. 

No  1.  Balsam  fir,  4  ounces,  lard,  4  ounces.  Stir,  with  a  gentle  heat, 
until  thoroughly  mixed.  Wash  the  sores  well  with  castile  soap  and 
apply. 

No.  2.  Sugar  of  lead,  2  ounces,  borax,  1  ounce,  sweet  oil,  6  ounces ; 
mix.  and  apply  twice  daily,  after  washing  with  castile  soap,  and  drying. 

No.  3.  Tincture  of  myrrh,  2  ounces,  glycerine,  4  ounces,  tincture  of 
arnica,  2  ounces.  Mix  thoroughly  and  apply  two  or  three  times  a  day, 
after  cleansing,  as  above,  with  castile  soap. 

No.  4.  Take  i  ounce,  of  powdered  verdigris  and  one  pint  of  rum,  or 
proof  spirits.  Mix,  and  apply  once  or  twice  a  day.  This  works  nicely 
for  grease  heel  or  mud  fever. 

No.  5.  Take  of  oxide  of  zinc,  1  drachm,  lard,  1  ounce,  powdered 
gum  benzoin,  ten  grains,  camphorated  spirits,  one  drachm.  Mix 
thoroughly  and  rub  on  twice  a  week.  Do  not  wash  after  the  first 
application. 

Cuts,  Wounds  and  Sores. 

No.  1.  Take  of  lard  4  ounces,  beeswax,  4  ounces,  rosin,  2  ounces, 
carbolic  acid,  i  ounce.  Mix  the  three  first  and  melt,  then  add  the 
carbolic  acid,  stirring  until  cool.  This  is  excellent  for  man,  as  well  as 
beast. 

No.  2.  Tincture  aloes,  1  ounce,  tincture  myrrh,  h  ounce,  tincture 
opium,  ^  ounce,  water,  four  ounces,  mix,  and  apply  night  and  morning. 

No.  3.     Tincture  opium,  2  ounces,  tannin,  i  ounce.     Mix. 

No.  4.     Carbolic  acid,  1  ounce,  soft  water,  1  quart.    Mix. 

Sweeney. 

No.  1.  Spanish  flies,  camphor  gum,  and  cayenne,  of  each  I  ounce, 
alcohol,  10  ounces,  spirits  turpentine,  6  ounces,  oil  origanum,  2  ounces. 
Mix. 


62  MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

No.  2.  Alcohol,  16  ounces,  spirits  turpentine,  10  ounces,  muriate  of 
ammonia,  1  ounce.     Mix. 

No.  3.  Alcohol,  water,  spirits  of  turpentine  and  soft  soap,  of  each, 
1  pint;  salt,  6  ounces.    Mix. 

Poll  evil  and  Fistula. 

No.  1.  Copperas,  1  drachm,  blue  vitriol,  2  drachms,  common  salt,  2 
drachms,  white  vitriol,  1  drachm,  mix,  and  powder  fine.  Fill  a  goose- 
quill  with  the  powder,  and  push  it  to  the  bottom  of  the  pipe,  having  a 
stick  in  the  top  of  the  quill,  so  that  you  can  push  the  powder  out  of  the 
quill,  leaving  it  at  the  bottom  of  the  pipe ;  repeat  again  in  about  four 
days,  and  in  two  or  three  days  from  that  time  you  can  take  hold  of  the 
pipe  and  remove  it,  without  trouble. 

No.  2.  Tincture  of  opium  1  drachm,  potash,  2  drachms,  water,  1 
ounce ;  mix,  and  when  dissolved  inject  into  the  pipes  with  a  small  syringe, 
having  cleansed  the  sore  with  soap-suds ;  repeat  every  two  days  until 
the  pipes  are  completely  destroyed. 

No.  3.  Take  a  small  piece  of  lunar  caustic,  place  in  the  pipe,  after 
being  cleansed  with  soap  suds,  then  fill  the  hole  with  sweet  oil. 

Bots. 

Take  new  milk,  2  quarts,  syrup,  1  quart;  mix,  and  give  the  whole,  and, 
in  fifteen  or  twenty  minutes  after,  give  2  quarts  of  warm,  strong  sage 
tea ;  half  an  hour  after  the  tea,  give  1  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil,  or  if 
the  oil  cannot  be  had  give  lard  instead. 

Ointment  for  Horses. 

Bees-wax,  2  ounces,  rosin,  3  ounces,  lard,  4  ounces,  carbolic  acid,  1 
drachm,  honey,  i  ounce,  melt  all  together  and  bring  slowly  to  a  boil, 
then  remove  from  the  fire,  and  add  slowly,  1  gill  of  spirits  of  turpentine, 
stirring  all  the  time  until  cool ;  used  with  good  success  for  galls,  cracked 
heels,  flesh  wounds  or  bruises. 

Condition  Powders. 

No.  1.  Gentian,  fenugreek,  sulphur,  saltpetre,  cream  of  tartar,  of 
each  two  ounces ;  resin,  black  antimony,  of  each  1  ounce ;  ginger,  liquor- 
ice, 3  ounces  each ;  cayenne,  1  ounce,  pulverized  and  mixed  thoroughly ; 
dose :  1  tablespoonful,  once  or  twice  a  day,  mixed  with  the  feed ;  used 
with  good  success  for  coughs,  colds,  distemper,  hide  bound,  and  nearly 
all  diseases  for  which  Condition  Powders  are  given. 

No.  2.  Fenugreek,  4  ounces,  ginger,  6  ounces,  anise,  pulverized,  4 
ounces,  gentian,  2  ounces,  black  antimony,  2  ounces,  hard  wood  ashes, 
4  ounces;  mix  all  together;  excellent  to  give  ahorse  an  appetite. 

No.  3.  Liquorice,  4  ounces,  fenugreek,  4  ounces,  elecampane,  4 
ounces  blood  root,  1  ounce,  tartar  emetic,  i  ounce,  ginger  and  cayenne. 


MISCELLANEOUS   RECEIPTS.  53 

each,  1  ounce ;  mix,  and  give  a  tablespoonful  2  or  three  times  a  day  in 
the  feed.  One  of  the  best  condition  powders  for  any  cough,  cold,  dis- 
temper or  epizootic :  also  excellent  for  heaves.  For  heaves,  I  ounce  of 
lobelia  and  camphor  may  be  added. 

Liniments  for  Horses. 

No.  1.  Olive  oil,  2  ounces,  aqua  ammonia,  1  ounce,  mix ;  and  add  2 
ounces  oil  origanum,  2  ounces,  spirits  of  turpentine,  i  ounce,  oil  of 
wormwood,  strongest  alcohol,  1  pint.  This  liniment  is  excellent  for 
any  lameness,  also  good  for  spavins,  ringbones,  curbs,  etc.,  if  used 
when  they  make  the  first  appearance. 

No.  2.  Oil  of  spike,  1  ounce,  oil  of  origanum,  4  ounces,  aqua  am- 
monia, 2  ounces,  tincture  of  cayenne  pepper,  4  ounces,  beefs  gall,  one 
gill,  camphor  gum,  1  ounce,  alcohol,  1  pint;  mix;  used  for  the  same 
purposes  as  No.  1. 

No.  3.  Best  vinegar,  1  quart,  saltpetre,  pulverized,  4  ounces,  worm- 
wood, 4  ounces ;  mix,  and  steep  in  a  dish  well  covered ;  strain  and  press 
the  herbs ;  valuable  for  bruises,  swellings  and  sprains. 

Saddle  and  Harness  Galls,  Bruises,  &c. 

No.  1.  Tincture  of  opium,  2  ounces,  tannin,  2  drachms;  mix,  and 
apply  twice  a  day. 

No.  2.  Take  white  lead  and  linseed  oil,  and  mix  as  for  paint,  and 
apply  two  or  three  times  a  day ;  this  is  good  for  scratches,  or  any  wounds 
on  a  horse. 

Eyewater  for  Horses. 

Sugar  of  lead,  1  drachm,  tincture  of  opium,  2  drachms,  soft  water,  1 
pint ;  mix,  and  wash  the  eye  two  or  three  times  a  day. 

Founder. 

No.  1.  Vinegar,  3  pints,  cayenne  pepper,  i  drachm,  tincture  of 
aconite  root,  15  drops;  mix,  and  boil  down  to  1  quart;  when  cool,  give 
it  as  a  drench ;  blanket  the  horse  well;  after  the  horse  has  perspired  for 
an  hour  or  more,  give  one  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil ;  this  treatment  will 
be  found  good  for  horses  foundered  by  eating  too  much  grain. 

No.  2.  Some  recommend  for  horses  foundered  on  grain,  to  bleed 
about  1  gallon,  then  to  drench  the  horse  with  1  quart  of  raw  linseed  oil ; 
after  this  to  rub  the  fore  legs  well,  and  for  a  long  time,  with  very  warm 
water,  having  a  little  tincture  of  opium  mixed  with  it.  As  the  horse 
will  not  recover  from  loss  of  blood  for  a  long  time  it  is  usually  better  to 
adopt  the  treatment  given  in  No.  1. 


64  MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

Anodyne  Drenches. 

No.  1.    Tincture  of  opium,  1  ounce,  starch  gruel,  1  quart;  mix. 

No.  2.  Sweet  spirits  of  nitre,  1  ounce,  tincture  of  opium,  1  ounce, 
essence  of  peppermint,  ^  ounce,  water  1  pint;  mix. 

No.  3.  Tincture  of  opium,  1  ounce,  spirits  of  camphor,  ^  ounce,  anise, 
i  ounce,  sulphuric  ether,  1  ounce,  water,  1  pint ;  mix. 

Diabetes. 

Sugar  of  lead,  10  grains,  alum,  30  grains,  catechu,  1  drachm,  tincture 
of  opium,  i  ounce,  water,  1  pint;  mix. 

Farcy  and  Glanders. 

No.  1.  Iodide  of  potassium,  14  drachms,  copperas,  ^  drachm,  ginger, 
1  drachm,  gentian,  2  drachms,  powdered  gum  arable  and  syrup  to  form 
a  ball. 

No.  2.  Calomel,  i^  drachm,  turpentine,  ^  ounce,  blue  vitriol,  1  drachm, 
gum  arable  and  syrup,  to  form  a  ball. 

No.  3.  i  ounce  sulphite  of  soda,  5  grains  Spanish  flies,  powdered ; 
mix,  and  give  at  night  in  cut  feed  for  several  weeks ;  give  at  the  same 
time,  every  morning  and  noon,  3  drachms  powdered  gentian,  2  drachms 
powdered  blue  vitrol;  give  the  medicines  for  a  long  time;  feed  well. 
This  is  the  best^treatment  that  can  be  given  for  this  disease. 

Fever  Balls. 

No.  1.  Saltpetre,  2i  drachms,  tartar  emetic,  ^  drachm,  flaxseed 
meal,  1  ounce,  camphor,  «|  drachm,  ginger,  2  drachms;  mix,  and  form 
into  a  ball ;  repeat  three  or  four  times  a  day  if  necessary. 

No.  2.  Tincture  of  aconite,  ten  drops,  tartar  emetic,  4  drachm,  salt- 
petre, 1  drachm,  ginger,  2  drachms,  linseed  meal,  1  ounce;  mix,  and 
form  into  a  ball ;  repeat  three  or  four  times  a  day  if  necessary. 

Diuretic  and  Tonic  Balls. 

Copperas,  1^  dr;ichm,  ginger,  1  drachm,  gentian,  1  drachm,  saltpetre, 
3  drachms,  rosin,  i  ounce,  flaxseed  meal,  1  ounce;  mix,  and  form  into 
a  ball. 

Diuretic  Balls. 

No.  1.  Saltpetre,  3  drachms,  rosin,  4  drachms,  castile  soap,  2 
drachms,  fenugreek,  3  drachms,  flaxseed  meal,  1  ounce;  mix,  and,  form 
into  a  ball. 

No.  2.  Oil  of  juniper,  ^  drachm,  rosin  and  saltpetre,  each,  5  drachmS' 
camphor,  ^  drachm,  castile,  soap,  1  ounce,  flaxseed  meal,  1  ounce;  mix, 
and  form  into  a  ball. 


MISCELLANEOUS   RECEIPTS. 


56 


This  engraving  illustrates  the  folly  of  a  heavy  man's 

RIDING  A  COLT  HARD  ALL  DAY.     Be  MERCIFUL  TO  YOUR  BEAST. 

Cordial  Balls. 
No.  1.    Anise,  powdered,  i  ounce,   ginger,   1  drachm,   gentian,    1 
drachm,  fenugreek,  2  drachms ;  mix. 

No.  2.    Caraway  and  ginger,  each,  2  drachms,  anise,  gentian  and 
fenugreek,  each,  1  ounce ;  mix. 

No.  3.  Camphor,  1  drachm,  anise,  3  drachms,  tincture  of  opium, 
I  ounce,  powdered  extract  of  liquorice,  3  drachms,  flaxseed  meal,  1 
ounce;  mix. 

Astringent  and  Cordial. 

No.  1.  Opium,  12  grains,  camphor,  ^  drachm,  catechu,  1  drachm; 
mix. 

No.  2.  Opium,  10  grains,  camphor,  1  drachm,  ginger,  2  drachms, 
castile  soap,  2  drachms,  anise,  3  drachms,  liquorice,  2  drachms;  mix. 

Alternative  and  Laxative  Balls. 

No.  1.  Linseed  meal,  1  ounce,  aloes,  ^  ounce,  castile  soap,  i  ounce; 
mix.  . 

No.  2.  Ginger,  1  drachm,  castile  soap,  2  drachms,  Barbadoes  aloes 
pulverized,  6  drachms,  flaxseed  meal,  1  ounce. 


56  MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

Tonic  Ball. 

Ginger,  2  drachms,  gentian,  1  drachm,  Peruvian  bark,  i^  ounce,  fenu- 
greek, i  ounce;  mix,  and  form  a  ball. 

Diuretics. 
Take  of  balsam  copaiba,  2  ounces,  sweet  spirits  of  nitre,  3  ounces, 
spirits  of  turpentine,  2  ounces,  oil  of  juniper,  2  ounces,  tincture  of  cam- 
phor, 2  ounces ;  mix ;  shake  the  bottle  before  pouring  the  medicine ;  dose 
for  adult  horse,  two  tablespoonfuls,  in  a  pint  of  milk,  repeated  every  four 
to  six  hours,  if  necessary.  This  is  a  reliable  preparation  for  kidney 
difficulties. 

Cough  Mixtures. 

No.  1.  Oil  of  tar,  given  as  directed  for  treatment  of  heaves,  is  one 
of  the  best  remedies  for  nearly  all  coughs. 

No.  2.  Take  of  alcohol,  i  pint,  balsam  of  fir,  2  ounces;  mix  well, 
and  add  all  the  tar  it  will  cut.  Shake  well  before  using.  Dose  from 
one  to  two  teaspoonfuls  two  or  three  times  a  day. 

Farcy. 

Nitrate  of  potash,  4  ounces,  black  antimony,  2  ounces,  sulphite  of 
soda,  1  ounce,  elecampane,  2  ounces;  mix  ;  dose,  one  tablespoonful, 
once  or  twice  a  day. 

Nasal  Gleet. 

No.  1.  Copperas,  2  ounces,  pulverized  gentian,  3  ounces,  elecampane, 
1  ounce,  linseed  meal,  3  ounces ;  mix,  and  give  from  i  to  1  tablespoon- 
full,  twice  a  day. 

No.  2.  Aloes,  6  ounces,  pulverized  nux  vomica,  3  drachms,  flaxseed 
meal,  4  ounces,  make  into  eight  powders  and  give  one  or  two  each  day. 

Cracked  Heels. 
Tar,  8  ounces,  beeswax,  1  ounce,  rosin,  1  ounce,  alum,  1  ounce,  tallow, 
1  ounce,  sulphate  of  iron,  1  ounce,  carbolic  acid  1  drachm;  mix,  and 
boil  over  a  slow  fire.    Skim  off  the  filth,  and  add  2  ounces  of  the  scrap- 
ings of  sweet  elder. 

Thrush. 

No.  1.  Wash  the  feet  well,  with  castile  soap  and  water,  and  sprinkle 
a  small  quantity  of  pulverized  blue  vitriol  in  the  cleft,  and  then  fill  up 
all  the  cavities  with  cotton  and  press  it  in  so  as  to  keep  out  all  dirt» 
and  repeat  as  often  as  necessary  until  the  cure  is  complete. 

No.  2.  Blue  vitriol  and  copperas,  of  each  one  ounce,  burnt  alum,  3 
ounces,  white  vitriol,  i  ounce ;  mix. 


MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS.  57 

Water  Farcy. 

No.  1.  Saltpetre,  2  ounces,  copperas,  2  ounces,  ginger,  1  ounce,  fenu- 
greek, 2  ounces,  anise,  i  ounce,  gentian,  1  ounce;  mix  and  divide  into 
eight  powders ;  give  two  or  three  each  day. 

No.  2.  Gentian,  1  ounce,  ginger,  ^  ounce,  anise,  1  ounce,  elecampane, 
2  ounces,  blue  vitriol,  1  ounce,  flaxseed  meal,  2  ounces,  saltpetre,  2 
ounces;  mix,  and  divide  into  eight  powders.  Moderate  daily  exercise 
and  rubbing  the  limbs  are  useful. 

Healing  Preparations. 

No.  1.    Carbolic  acid,  1  ounce,  soft  water,  2  pints ;  mix. 

No.  2.    White  vitriol,  1  ounce,  soft  water,  2  pints ;  mix. 

No.  3.  Pulverized  camphor,  1  drachm,  prepared  chalk,  6  drachms, 
burnt  alum,  4  drachms ;  mix.     Sprinkle  over  the  sore. 

No.  4.  Tincture-  of  opium,  1  ounce,  tannin,  1  drachm ;  mix  and  shake 
well  before  using.  Excellent  for  galls  of  collar,  saddle,  or  in  fact  for 
any  purpose  requiring  a  healing  astringent. 

For  Galled  Back  or  Shoulders. 

Tincture  of  arnica,  1  ounce,  vinegar,  6  ounces,  brandy,  4  ounces,  sal- 
ammoniac,  2  ounces,  soft  water,  1  pint ;  mix,  and  bathe  with  it  often. 

For  Unhealthy  Ulcers. 

Nitric  acid,  1  ounce,  blue  vitriol,  3  ounces,  soft  water,  fifteen  ounces. 

For  Fresh  Wounds. 

Copperas,  2  drachms,  white  vitriol,  3  drachms,  gunpowder,  2  drachms, 
boiling  soft  water,  2  quarts;  mix ;  when  cool  it  is  ready  for  use. 

Healing  Mixture. 

Cosmoline,  5  ounces,  carbolic  acid,  1  drachm ;  mix.  This  is  one  of 
the  very  best  of  mixtures  for  any  sore,  especially  for  such  cases  as  are 
inclined  not  to  heal  readily. 

To  Cure  Mange. 

Oil  Tar,  1  ounce,  lac  sulphur,  U  ounces,  whale  oil,  2  ounces;  mix. 
Rub  a  little  on  the  skin  wherever  the  disease  appears,  and  continue, 
daily,  for  a  week,  and  then  wash  off  with  castile  soap  and  warm  water. 

Healing  Mixture  for  Cuts. 

Balsam  copaiba,  2  ounces,  tincture  of  myrrh,  3  ounces ;  mix.  This  is 
a  good  healing  mixture. 


58  "  MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

Sore  Lips. 

The  lips  become  sore  frequently  at  the  angles  of  the  mouth,  f  om 
bruising  with  the  bit.  They  can  be  cured  by  applying  the  follow  ing 
mixture. 

Tincture  of  myrrh,  2  ounces,  tincture  of  aloes,  1  ounce,  and  tincture 
of  opium,  h  ounce ;  mix,  and  apply  three  or  four  times  a  day. 

For  Sore  Mouth  and  Lips. 

Borax,  1  ounce,  Tannin,  4  ounce.  Glycerine,  8  ounces;  mix,  and  ap- 
ply, two  or  three  times  a  day,  with  a  swab. 

For  Sprains,  &c. 

Hog's  lard  and  spirits  of  turpentine ;  mix,  and  place  in  the  hot  sun- 
shine for  four  or  five  days.    Apply  four  or  five  times  a  week. 

Eyewater. 

White  vitriol  and  saltpetre,  of  each  one  scruple,  pure  soft  water,  8 
ounces ;  mix.  This  should  be  applied  to  the  inflamed  lids  3  or  4  times  a 
day,  and  if  the  inflammation  does  not  lessen  in  1  or  2  days  it  may  be 
injected  directly  into  the  eye. 

The  writer  has  used  this  for  his  own  eyes,  reduced  half  with  water 
and  dropped  directly  into  the  eye,  which  would  cause  the  eye  to  smart 
considerably  for  about  five  minutes,  when  he  would  bathe  the  eye  with 
cold  water  for  a  few  minutes,  and,  by  repeating  this  3  or  4  times  a  day, 
it  has  given  the  very  best  of  satisfaction. 

It  does  nicely  many  times  to  just  close  the  eye  and  bathe  the  outside 
freely. 

For  Poll  Evil,  Fistula,  or  any  Indolent  Uloer. 

Fill  the  sore  to  the  bottom  with  ashes  from  burnt  corn  cobs ;  repeat 
two  or  three  times  if  necessary,  or  until  a  cure  is  effected. 

For  Colic. 

Take  of  gum  myrrh,  1  ounce,  gum  camphor,  1  ounce,  powdered  gum 
guaiac,  1  ounce,  cayenne,  1  ounce,  sassafras  bark  powdered,  1  ounce, 
spirits  turpentine,  1  ounce,  oil  origanum,  ^  ounce,  oil  hemlock,  ^  ounce, 
pulverized  opium,  ^  ounce,  strongest  alcohol,  2  quarts ;  mix  all  together 
and  shake  often  for  eight  or  ten  days  and  filter  or  strain  through  flan- 
nel. Dose  from  1  to  3  tablespoonfuls,  according  to  the  severity  of  the 
case ;    give  in  a  pint  of  milk. 

We  never  have  known  the  above  remedy  to  fail  of  giving  relief  when 
given  for  colic,  in  horses.    In  many  cases  where  it  has  been  used  it  has 


MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS.  59 

given  immediate  relief  even  though  various  other  remedies  had  failed 
of  giving  any  relief. 

It  makes  one  of  the  very  best  of  Pain  Killers  for  family  use,  and  we 
advise  all  to  keep  it  on  hand. 

For  Flesh  Wounds. 

To  prevent  inflammation  or  tendency  to  sloughing  or  mortification, 
take  1  pound  saltpetre,  2  gallons  water,  3  pints  proof  spirits ;  mix,  and 
inject  into  the  wound  with  a  syringe  three  times  a  day  until  it  heals.  In 
treating  deep  wounds  or  those  of  a  dangerous  character,  especially  if 
the  animal  is  inclined  to  be  fat,  give  a  dose  of  physic,  feed  bran,  carrots, 
&c.  No  grain  should  be  fed  and  grass  is  more  desirable  than  hay.  If 
grass  is  fed  freely,  physic  is  not  necessary. 

For  Kemoving  Enlargements,  &c. 

Oil  spike,  1  ounce,  camphor,  1  ounce,  oil  origanum,  2  ounces,  oil 
amber,  1  ounce,  spirits  turpentine,  2  ounces.  Rub  on  the  mixture 
thoroughly,  two  or  three  times  a  week. 

For  Bruises,  Cuts,  &c.,  on  Horse  or  Man. 

Tincture  arnica,  1  ounce,  sassafras  oil,  h  ounce,  laudanum,  1  ounce ; 
mix.  Shake  well  before  using.  Bandage  lightly,  and  keep  wet  with 
the  mixture. 

Quarter  Crack. 

The  best  way  to  cure  quarter  crack  is  to  open  the  heel  on  that  side 
between  bar  and  frog,  cutting  down  pretty  well,  (not  sufficient  to  cause 
bleeding,)  until  the  quarter  will  give  freely;  then  put  on  a  shoe  that 
will  expand  the  heel.  It  is  also  necessary  in  this  case  that  the  inner 
heel  should  be  opened  or  spread,  as  the  hoof  is  simply  too  small  for  the 
foot;  if  this  is  properly  done  the  point  is  directly  reached.  Some 
recommend,  in  addition  to  this,  burning  with  a  hot  iron  a  crease 
across  at  the  upper  edge  of  hoof.  If  this  is  done  properly  the  hoof  will 
not  split  any  more.  The  hoof  may  now  be  more  rapidly  grown  if  de- 
sired.   Opening  the  foot  and  the  shoe  is  the  point  of  success. 

Quittor. 

Corrosive  sublimate,  |  ounce,  muriatic  acid  20  drops,  soft  water,  2 
ounces ;  mix  the  two  last  and  shake  well,  then  add  the  first. 

Inject  a  little  with  a  glass  syringe  one  or  two  times,  being  careful  to 
inject  to  the  bottom.  Warm  poultices,  used  for  several  days,  generally 
work  well. 


60  MISCELLANEOUS    RECEIPTS. 

To  Grow  Hair. 

Mix  sweet  oil,  1  pint,  sulphur,  3  ounces.  Shake  well,  and  mb  well 
into  the  dock  twice  a  week. 

For  Worms. 

Calomel,  1  drachm,  tartar  emetic,  ^  drachm,  linsfeed  meal,  1  ounce, 
fenugreek,  1  ounce.  Mix  and  give  in  feed  at  night,  and  repeat  the  dose 
for  two  or  three  times,  and  follow  with  1^  pints  of  raw  linseed  oil,  about 
6  hours  after  the  last  powder  has  been  given. 

Grease  Heal 

Chloride  of  zinc,  1^  drachms,  water,  10  ounces,  glycerine,  8  ounces; 
mix.  If  there  is  much  discharge,  apply  a  poultice  for  several  hours, 
followed  by  application  of  the  above,  after  cleansing  well  with  soft 
water  and  castile  soap.  The  following  powders  should  be  given  at  the 
same  time  in  the  feed,  every  night,  for  a  week  or  two.  Bicarbonate  of 
soda,  1  ounce,  arsenic,  1  drachm,  iodide  of  iron,  ^  ounce,  fenugi'eek,  2 
ounces,  ginger,  2  ounces,  elecampane,  1  ounce;  mix  thoroughly  and 
divide  into  12  powders. 

For  Distemper. 

Hops,  2  ounces,  carbolic  acid  30  drops,  boiling  water,  2  gallons.  Mix 
the  hops  and  carbolic  acid  with  the  boiling  water  and  compel  the  animal 
to  inhale  the  steam  for  15  or  20  minutes  at  a  time,  and  repeat  three 
times  a  day.  Apply  a  strong  mustard  paste  to  the  throat,  and  place  a 
warm  poultice  over  the  paste.  Feed  warm  mashes  and  boiled  vegeta- 
bles; keep  the  stable  comfortably  warm  and  the  air  pure.  Give  the 
following  powders  once  a  day.  Powdered  Peruvian  bark,  2  ounces, 
powdered  gentian,  1  ounce,  powdered  copperas,  1  ounce ;  mix,  and  di- 
vided into  8  powders. 

Thrush. 

Take  white  vitriol,  2  ounces,  soft  water,  8  ounces.  Mix,  and  apply 
to  the  diseased  surface,  after  the  ragged  parts  have  been  cut  away 
and  thoroughly  cleansed.  Pack  the  cavities  with  cotton  batting,  so  as 
to  keep  out  all  dirt. 

For  Ringworm. 
Apply  mercurial  ointment  3  or  4  times  a  week. 

For  Brittle  and  Contracted  Hoofs. 

Take  of  castor  oil,  Barbadoes  tar  and  soft  soap,  equal  parts  of  each ; 
melt  all  together  and  stir  while  cooling,  and  apply  a  little  to  the  hoof  3 
or  4  times  a  week. 


TO    HORSE    OWNERS. 


61 


TO    HORSE    OWNERS. 


All  must  admit  that  we  live  in  an  age  of  improvements;  and  that  we 
enjoy  what  our  forefathers  never  even  dreamed  of— in  the  fast  and  easy 
transportation,  rapid  communication  from  continent  to  continent,  and 
the  use  of  the  hundreds  of  labor  saving  machines ;  and  yet  before  or 
even  when  these  great  discoveries  were  first  made  known  to  the  public 
how  many  there  were  (like  Thomas)  who  doubted:  but  "time  will 
prove  all  things,"  and  so  it  has  been  with  all  these  inventions  which 
were  once  said  to  be  impossibilities,  for  now  we  know  them  to  be  of 
the  great  value  which  their  originators  claimed  for  them. 

In  the  year  1875  it  was  claimed  by  the  publisher  of  this  book,  that  he 
had  discovered  a  combination  of  remedies  which  would  cure  bone 
spavins  and  remove  the  enlargement  without  blistering  or  causing  any 
sore.  Like  all  other  discoveries  this  too  was  scouted  at  when  first  an- 
nounced to  the  public,  and,  as  might  naturally  have  been  expected,  by 


62  TO   HORSE   OWNERS. 

those  who  knew  most  about  the  usual  manner  of  treating  this  diffi- 
culty, and  by  those  who  had  tried  faithfully  everything  they  could  learn 
of  ever  being  used,  but  only  meeting  with  dissappointment  with  each 
trial  of  the  vaunted  remedy.  This  class  (being  horsemen)  knew  that  a 
bone  spavin  made  an  otherwise  valuable  horse  of  but  little  worth,  for 
they  knew  how  frequently  the  most  powerful  remedies  had  been  used, 
such  as  blisters,  which  were  so  powerful  as  to  destroy  the  tissues,  and 
also  the  red  hot  iron,  which  was  worse  if  possible,  and  still  the  horse 
left  as  bad  or  worse  than  before  anything  had  been  used— therefore  after 
80  many  disappointments  of  this  kind  it  would  be  very  natural  for  men 
having  such  an  experience  to  say  it  was  impossible  to  cure  a  spavin  and 
remove  the  bunch,  and  to  do  it  with  a  remedy  so  mild  as  not  to  blister. 
But,  as  we  said  before,  time  will  prove  all  things,  and  so  it  has  been 
with  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  and  those  who  were  the  first  to  condemn  it 
are  now  the  loudest  in  its  praise ;  (I  mean  those  who  were  horsemen, 
and  who  knew  that  if  a  cure  was  to  be  accomplished  there  was  some- 
thing needed  more  than  to  simply  make  a  few  hasty  and  perhaps  faulty 
applications,  and  therefore  would  use  the  Spavin  Cure  with  patience, 
according  to  directions.) 

The  time  was,  in  the  practice  of  medicine,  when  about  every  patient 
was  subjected  to  the  rash  treatment  of  bleeding  and  salivation  from  the 
indiscriminate  use  of  calomel,  but  time  has  proved  these  plans  of  treat- 
ment to  be  more  fruitful  of  damage  than  otherwise,  so  the  have 
become  among  the  things  of  the  past.  A  similar  reform  is  now  caking 
place  in  the  treatment  of  the  horse,  tlie  most  useful  animal  ever  created ; 
and  horsemen  are  beginning  to  learn  that  a  horse  needs  more  humane 
treatment  than  he  has  received  in  the  past,  and  the  cases  are  very  rare 
which  require  the  powerful  remedies  that  have  been  in  use ;  and  1  think 
we  can  safely  say  that  those  cases  never  occur  which  require  the  use  of 
the  red  hot  iron,  and  the  men  are  very  few  that  would  allow  this  bar- 
barous treatment  to  be  practised  upon  their  own  person  ;  and  we  ask 
why  any  man  should  allow  the  noble  animal  to  be  subjected  to  any  treat- 
ment that  he  would  not  submit  to  upon  his  own  person  .f'  Could  the 
horse,  like  Balaam's  animal,  be  for  a  moment  endowed  with  the  power  of 
speech,  he  would  say — do  not  subject  me  to  any  treatment  which  you 
consider  too  cruel  for  yourself;  for  we,  like  ycu,  have  been  created  with 
nerves  of  sensibility,  so  that  pain  is  as  hard  for  us  to  endure  as  for  you, 
and  therefore  we  ask  that  you  will  always  have  mercy  upon  us.  (as  a 
merciful  man  should  do)  and  consider,  before  treating  us,  (or  neglecting 
to  do  so,)  whether  it  is  doing  just  as  you  would  be  done  by. 

It  might  be  of  interest  to  some  for  us  to  state  here  how  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure  happened  to  be  discovered. 


TO   HORSE  OWNERS.  63 

Our  Experience  with  Bone  Spavin. 

The  proprietor  having  a  horse  which  he  prized,  for  her  goodness  and 
gentleness,  and  which  in  some  way  became  spavined,  was  under  the 
necessity  of  resorting  to  the  popular  remedies  in  use  at  that  time,  for 
the  treatment  of  the  spavin ;  after  a  few  weeks'  treatment  the  outlook 
seemed  to  be  rather  discouraging ;  but  as  we  had  had  experience  as  a 
practising  physician,  and  also  the  benefits  of  all  the  receipts  which  were 
said  to  be  cures — having  been  in  the  drug  business  for  several  years,  and 
filled  the  receipts  from  the  various  horsemen  in  our  vicinity — we  felt 
that  our  experience  had  been  such  that  we  were  certainly  equal  to  the 
task,  if  any  one  was,  and  so  we  continued,  first  with  this  liniment,  and 
then  with  the  other,  until  we  had  gone  through  with  the  whole  cata- 
logue of  the  (so  called)  '*  sure  cures.''''  We  took  counsel  of  the  various 
horsemen  who  were  quite  sure  their  receipts  would  be  just  the  thing, 
but  when  informed  that  all  this  and  more  too  had  been  used  we  received 
but  little  consolation.  As  the  horse  was  no  better,  and  several  weeks 
had  elapsed  since  we  began  the  treatment,  our  faith  in  the  power  of  any 
remedy  to  even  stop  the  lameness  (say  nothing  of  removing  the  enlarge- 
ment) was  very  weak ;  but  still  we  were  finally  persuaded  that  a  thorough 
use  of  blisters  might  cure  and  it  was  our  only  hope,  and  we  therefore 
proceeded  to  torment  the  poor  animal  "by  applying  blisters  about  every 
two  weeks  and  giving  the  horse  rest  until  six  blisters  had  been  applied, 
during  which  time  the  horse  was  allowed  to  remain  (nearly  all  summer) 
in  the  barn,  and  as  the  horse  was  no  better,  that  we  could  perceive,  it 
will  be  easy  for  any  one  to  imagine  our  feelings  in  regard  to  the  power 
of  any  remedy  to  cure  bone  spavin,  and  then  we,  like  many  others  were 
very  positive  in  our  opinion  that  there  was  nothing  which  would  cure  a 
bone  spavin,  and  finally  stopped  all  treatment. 

About  SIX  weeks  after  we  had  stopped  all  treatment,  we  decided  to  give 
the  case  another  trial,  for  it  seemed  to  us  that  there  was  something  that 
would  effect  a  cure  if  we  could  only  get  the  right  thing.  Instead  of 
using  the  remedies  which  every  body  said  were  sure  cures,  we  began  to 
reason  about  the  matter,  and  it  occurred  to  us  that  if  we  had  been  treat- 
ing a  human  being  we  should  have  treated  him  in  a  more  humane 
manner,  and  therefore  we  compounded  a  mixture  which  was  entirely 
different  from  anything  we  had  ever  heard  of  being  used,  and  again  be- 
gan to  treat  the  horse,  and,  to  our  great  surprise,  in  a  short  time,  (about 
two  weeks),  the  lameness  all  subsided;  and,  by  continuing  the  treat- 
ment a  while  after  the  lameness  had  subsided,  the  enlargement  was  en- 
tirely removed.  I  could  hardly  realize  what  a  wonderful  cure  had 
finally  been  accomplished,  but,  after  preparing  the  same  mixture  for  a 
great  many  cases,  without  hearing  of  its  failing  to  cure  in  a  single 


64  TO   HORSE   OWNEKS. 

case,  I  was  then  fully  satisfied  of  the  great  worth  of  this  remedy  to  horse 
owners,  and  began  to  put  it  up  for  the  public ;  and  since  that  time  the 
cures  which  it  has  effected  have  been  almost  innumerable,  and  now 
those  who  are  most  capable  of  judging  of  its  merits  pronounce  it  to  be 
the  best  remedy  for  the  purposes  for  which  it  is  prepared  that  they  have 
ever  known  to  be  used. 

We  therefore  offer  the  KendalVs  Spavin  Cure  to  the  public  with  per- 
fect confidence,  believing  that  in  nearly  if  not  every  case  in  which  a 
man  might  reasonably  expect  a  cure,  if  he  uses  the  Spavin  Cure  thor- 
oughly and  patiently,  according  to  the  directions,  he  will  effect  a  cure. 
By  the  words  *'  thoroughly  and  patiently  "  used  above  we  mean  to  use  as 
directed  on  bottle,  by  rubbing  down  to  the  skin  well,  as  what  remains  on 
the  hair  has  no  effect,  and  by  applying  over  the  size  of  the  whole  of  the 
enlargement ;  but  there  is  no  good  reason  for  applying  all  over  the  leg  be- 
cause one  desires  to  be  thorough  and  cover  the  whole  of  the  bunch,  for 
what  is  applied  to  the  space  outside  of  the  enlargement  is  only  wasted — 
but  we  frequently  find  parties  who  apply  it  almost  indiscriminately  to 
the  whole  of  the  hock  joint,  when  a  space  the  size  of  a  cent,  perhaps, 
would  be  all  that  was  necessary,  and  therefore  the  bottle  of  Spavin  Cure 
is  used,  or  rather  wasted,  in  a  very  few  days,  and  the  man  finds  his  horse 
no  better,  and  drops  the  use  of  the  Cure,  and  perhaps  condemns  it,  when 
he  has  not  given  it  the  slightest  fair  chance  to  effect  a  cure;  By  the 
word  "patiently"  we  would  be  understood  to  mean,  to  apply  it  accord- 
ing to  directions,  for  a  long  time,  if  necessary  for  no  diflBculty  of  so 
serious  a  nature  as  Spavin  is,  can  be  removed  by  any  remedy  in  only  a 
few  days ;  and  if  any  man  would  stop  to  consider  he  might  know  that 
it  would  be  impossible.  We  might  occupy  many  pages  in  relating  our 
experience  and  in  giving  full  directions  for  the  use  of  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure,  but  will  not  add  more  here  except  to  say  use  good  common  sense 
in  applying  it,  and  in  the  use  of  the  horse. 

Please  look  over  the  following  testimonials,  many  of  which  are  from 
the  most  prominent  gentlemen,  and  horse  owners,  in  the  country.  Also 
see  treatment  given  for  bone  spavin,  &c. 


TESTIMONIALS.  65 


What  some  of  our  Agents  say  of  it. 


Any  one  doubting  the  genuineness  of  any  of  the  following  recominenUations  is  ear- 
nestly requested  to  con'espond  with  the  parties  themselves,  and  if  a  three  cent  stamp  is 
enclosed  it  will  be  quite  sure  to  bring  a  reply. 

Office  of  C.  M.  Moseman  &  Bro.,  Manufacturers  of  and  Dealers  in  Harness,  Horse 
Clothing,  &c. 

128  Chambers  St.,  New  York  City,  Jan.  22d,  1878. 

Dr.  B.  .J.  Kendall.— Dear  Sir:— We  take  great  pleasure  in  stating  to  you  that  the  sale 
of  your  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  has  been,  without  exception,  the  most  satisfactory  of  any 
horse  liniment  we  have  ever  kept  in  our  stock.  We  have  sold  it  to  many  of  the  best 
horse  men  in  our  city  and  they  all  tell  us  freely  that  it  does  the  work  to  their  entire  sat- 
isfaction. Capt.  Rynders,  owner  of  "Aberdeen,"  told  us  to-day  it  was  worth  $5.  per 
bottle,  and  if  it  could  not  be  got  for  less  he  would  give  it.  Trusting  that  every  horse 
owner  will  find  out  the  good  qualities,  we  are  Yours  Truly, 

C.  M.  MOSEaiAN  &  BRO. 
Later  from  the  same  firm. 

New^  York,  Dec.  24th,  1879. 

B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— You  will  please  send  us  6  dozen  of  your  Spavin  Cure 
and  1  dozen  Blister  as  we  are  about  out.  This  makes,  we  think,  our  last  order  for  this  j^ear, 
and  if  the  demand  improves  next  year  as  fast  as  it  has  this,  we  think  it  will  out-sell  any 
Horse  Uniment  (for  which  a  practical  cure  is  sure  to  follow)  ever  introduced  in  this 
market.  We  have  not  heard  the  first  complaint  of  its  not  doing  what  is  claimed  for  it 
out  of  the  many  thousand  bottles  we  have  sold.  We  are  perfectly  satisfied  that  there 
never  was  anything  made  to  equal  it  nor  can  there  be  any  thing  to  take  its  place,  as  it 
removes  the  trouble  and  no  remedy  can  do  more.  Yours  &c., 

C.  M.  MOSEaLiX  &  BRO. 


Concord,  N.  H.  January  2nd, 

B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— We  have  a  beautiful  roan  mare  that  was  given 
to  us  on  account  of  a  spavin  on  her  leg,  which  made  her  dead  lame.  We  took  off  her 
shoes  and  allowed  her  to  run  in  the  barn  yard  in  the  fall  of  the  year,  applying  "Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure"  according  to  directions.  We  did  not  use  her  for  a  month.  She  was  en- 
tirely cured,  and  the  bunch  completely  removed,  and  has  never  been  lame  since.  We  state 
what  we  know  to  be  a  fact.  We  have  sold  12  dozen  bottles  in  the  short  time  that  we 
have  acted  as  your  agents  in  Concord.  Respectfully  Yours, 

UNDERHILL  &  KITTREDGE. 

Apothecaries. 


Office  of  Peter  Hayden  &  Co.,  Nos.  45  &  47  Lake  St.  Chicago,  III.,  Mar.  16th  1878. 

Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall— Dear  Sir:— As  to  your  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  Ave  will  most 
freely  say  that  in  our  sales  of  same  we  have  ever  fountl  that  it  brings  back  the  good 
wortfs  of  the  user,  and  we  have  letters  on  file,  too  many  to  re-write,  which  speak  in  the 
highest  terms  of  your  "  Spavin  Cure."  We  have  no  fear  in  always  recommending  it,  with 
our  experience  and  belief  of  its  virtues.  Respectfully, 

P.  HAYDEN  &  Co. 
P.  Hayden,  Wm.  B.  Hayden,  C.  H.  Allen,  Albert  Hayden. 


Office  of  Wells,  Richardson  &  Co.  Wholesale  Druggists. 

BURLINOTc^N,  Vt.,  Dec.  24th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Keldall  &  Co.— Gents :— Your  Spavin  Cure  is  having  a  very  extensive  sale.  We 
consider  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  to  be  a  very  valuable  remedy,  and  our  customers  speak 
very  highly  of  it.    Our  sales  of  the  same  are  increasing  very  fast,  and  all  whom  we  deal 
with  claim  that  it  does  all  you  claim  for  it.  Yours  &c., 

•^  WELLS,  RICHARDSON  &  CO. 


TESTIMONIALS. 


If  you  do  not  want  two  feet  in  the  same  stirrup  when  you  TAItE  YOUR  MORNING 
RIDE  DO  NOT  BUY  A  HORSE  WITH  THE  STRING-HALT,  AS  THE  DISEASE  IS  INCURABLE. 

Office  of  Geo.  C.  Goodwin,  New  England  Patent  Medicine  Ware  House. 

38  Hanover  St.,  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  16th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— We  iiave  sold  ••  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  "  for  a  number 
of  years,  and  the  sale  is  continually  increasing,  which  speaks  volumes  for  the  article. 
We  have  never  heard  a  word  of  complaint,  which  proves  that  it  does  all  that  is  claimed 
for  it.  Yours  Truly, 

GEO.  C.  GOODWIN  &  CO. 


Office  of  Dr.  F.  S.  Slosson,  Druggist. 

223  Superior  St.,  Cleveland,  Ohio,  Jan.  6th,  1880. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— The  sale  of  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  is  increasing 
daily  and  the  reports  of  its  efficacy  are  more  favorable  and  frequent.    I  think  it  is  des- 
tined to  have  an  unprecedented  sale  in  this  market,  which  will  be  entirely  on  its  merits. 

Yours  &c. 

F.  S.  SLOSSON. 


Office  of  Dr.  T.  J.  Casper,  Druggist  and  Pharmacist,  Manufacturer  of  Standard 
Remedies. 

41  East  Main  St.,  Springfield,  Ohio,  Jan.  7th,  1880. 

B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents:— One  party  who  has  used  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure" 
writes :  **  I  was  run  over  by  a  horse  ancl  got  my  arm  sprained.  It  was  badly  swollen  and 
pained  me  very  much.  I  slept  but  little.  I  applied  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  and  soon 
found  great  relief.  I  can  now  work  without  experiencing  any  pain."  G.  T.  Ingersoll  of  this 
city  says  his  valuable  trotting  mare  was  cured  of  a  spavin  by  its  use,  and  nC  is  enthusi- 
astic in  its  praise.  From  what  1  have  seen  of  its  use  I  regard  It  as  a  very  valuable 
preparation.  Yours  Truly, 

T.  J.  CASPER. 


TESTIMONIALS.  67 

Office  of  E.  Allen,  Manuf.  and  Dealer  In,  Carriages,  Sleighs,  Harnesses,  Robes,  &c. 
No.  5  Fulton  St.,  opposite  City  Hall,  Providence,  K.  I.,  Jan.  8th,  1S80. 
I  have  been  selling  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  for  a  number  of  years,  and  all  of  my 
customers  speak  of  it  in  the  highest  terms.    They  say  it  will  Uo  all  you  claim  for  it,  anil 
is  a  sure  cure  for  Spavins,  Splints,  Curb  or  anv  enlargement  which  may  come  on  a  horse 
It  is  without  doubt  the  best  horse  liniment  in  tne  market.  Yours  &c., 

E.  ALLEN. 


Woodstock  Valley,  Conn.,  Dec.  2nd,  1879. 
B.  .J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— In  the  spring  of  1877  I  bought  a  horse  quite  lame 
with  a  spavin.  After  using  1  bottle  of  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  "  his  lameness  was  gone 
and  the  bunch  removed.  He  has  been  worked  ever  since  in  a  heavy  team,  but  with  no  re- 
turn of  his  lameness.  Since  that  time  I  have  sold  dozens  of  bottles,  with  good  success, 
taking  from  1  to  3  bottles  to  effect  a  cure.  I  take  pleasure  in  recommending  it,  as  I  be- 
lieve It  is  the  best  horse  liniment  extant.  Yours  Truly, 

A.  M.  BANCROFT. 

Olfice  of  Geo.  K.  Share  &  Co.,  Saddlery,  Coach  Materials  and  Trimmin":s. 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  Jan.  8th,  1880. 
B.  J.  Kendall  «fe  Co.— Gents :—"  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,"  which  we  have  sold,  and 
are  now  selling,  meets  with  great  success.    We  can  truthfully  say  that  every  one  that 
has  used  it  speaks  of  it  in  the  highest  terms,  and  saj'^s  it  is  a  good  thing  and  has  real 
merit.  Y'ours  &G., 

GEO.  K.  SHARE  &  CO. 

Boston,  Mass.,  Jan.  30th,  1878. 
Messrs.  French  and  Coffin—Gents :— We  have  used  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  success- 
fully in  two  instances,  one  of  them  being  ivith  a  valuable  trotting  mare.    The  cure  in 
both  cases  was  complete.     Ibis  the  only  effv^ctive  remedy  we  have  known  for  the  pur- 
pose, and  we  take  pleasure  in  adding  our  testimonial  to  its  virtues. 

Yoi  trs  Truly, 

CELLEY,  STIMPSON  &  WOODBURY. 


14  Custom  t/ouse  St.,  Boston,  Mass.,  Dec.  8th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— This  is  to  certify  that  I  have  a  valuable  stock 
horse  which  became  almost  worthless  from  a  spavin,  and  that  by  using  your  Spavin 
Cure  (one  and  a  half  bottles)  he  is  free  from  all  lameness  and  can  trot  a  niile  in  2.20  to 
day.  I  have  also  used  it  successfully  on  the  cords  of  the  legs  for  sprung  knees,  and  it  is 
with  pleasure  that  I  can  testify  to  the  great  merit  of  your  most  valuable  medicine. 

Yours  Respectfully, 

JOSEPH  HALE. 

Stable  keeper. 


Office  U.  S.  Marshall,  Western  Dist,  of  Michigan,  Kalamazoo,  April  15th,  1878. 
B.  J.  Kendall,  Enosburg  Falls,  Vt— Dear  Sir:— I  received  the  two  bottles  of  your 
Kendall's  Spavin  Cui-e  forwarded  by  express  in  January  last.    I  am  happy  to  state  that 
it  performed  all  your  advertisement  called  for.    In  three  weeks  after  I  commenced  using 
it  the  Spavin  was  entirely  removed  and  a  valuable  horse  restored  to  usefulness. 

Very  truly  yours, 

JOHN  PAKKER. 


Akron,  Oino,  Dec.  22nd,  1879. 
B.  J. Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— I  cannot  recommend  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  too 
highly.  I  have  a  friend  who  owns  a  valuable  horse  which  became  useless  and  worthless 
by  the  appearance  of  a  very  bad  Spavin.  He  tried  eveiy  known  remedy  and  gave  up, 
thinking  the  spavin  was  incurable.  I  persuaded  him  to  try  your  Spavin  Cure,  and,  after 
using  it  according  to  directions,  to  use  his  own  language,  "  It  knocked  the  spavin  higher 
than  a  kite,"  and  a  valuable  horse  was  saved  and  restored  to  usefulness.  I  am  now  sell- 
ing your  book,  •'  A  Treatise  on  the  Horse  and  his  Diseases,"  and  am  meeting  with  great 
success.  Yours  &c., 

J,  J.  WHIGHT 


68  TESTIMONIALS. 

Uncas  Hotel,  T.  A.  Holmes,  Prop. 

Norwich,  Conn.,  Nov.  19th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall,  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— I  traded  for  a  valuable  horse  that  had  a  splint ; 
the  man  that  owned  him  did  not  like  to  drive  him  because  he  was  lame,  ancl  on  that  ac- 
count I  got  him  very  cheap.  I  got  a  bottle  of  your  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  and  ap- 
plied it  according  to  your  directions,  and  after  using  only  23^  bottles  found  it  had  ma(le 
a  perfect  cure.  It  completely  removed  the  Splint,  leaving  the  leg  as  smooth  as  the  back 
of  your  hand.  Yours  Respectfully, 

T.  A.  HOLMES. 


HOPKINTON,  N.  H.,  Dec.  22nd,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— This  is  to  certify  that  I  have  used  your  Kendall's 
Spavin  Cure  on  a  valuable  horse  belonging  to  my  father,  and,  after  applying  it  accord- 
ing to  directions,  only  tw^o  weeks,  completed  a  perfect  cure  of  a  verv  bad  spavin.  The 
horse  is  well  and  has  not  been  lame  since.  I  advise  all  who  have'horses  affected  in 
like  manner  to  use  it.  Yours  Truly, 

THOS.  B.  UNDERHILL, 

Apotliecary. 


Providence,  R.  I.,  Dec.  KJth,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— I  have  used  about  thirty  bottles  of  "Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure"  within  the  past  two  years,  and  within  that  time  have  removed  Curbs,  Splints,  and 
Callous  places,  from  many  horses.    I  consider  it  the  best  Horse  Liniment  in  existence 
and  Avould  not  be  without  it.    I  endorse  everytlihig  that  is  said  about  the  medicine. 

Yours  &c., 

GEORGE  B.  WICKS. 


Office  of  Palace  Stables.    Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  10th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen:  —Having  used  your  Kendall's  Spavin   Cure  on 
seven  or  eight  horses,  mth  good  results,  for  Splints,  Curbs  and  sprains,  I  most  cheerful- 
ly recommend  it  to  others. 

D.  C.  WHITBECK. 


Putnam,  Conn.,  Jan.,  6th,  1880. 

B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— I  have  used  your  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  on  a  horse, 
this  last  Summer,  and  it  completely  cured  him  of  a  very  bad  spavin.  He  is  now  well 
and  sound  as  he  ever  was,  and  it  is  all  owing  to  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure." 

Respectfully. 

JOHN  J.  DIMON. 


Maple  Grove  Farm,  Eddyville,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  23,  1879. 

B.  J.  Kendall,  M.  D. — Dear  Sir:— I  have  been  using  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  on  a  val- 
uable stallion  that  I  own.  He  kicked  through  a  door  and  got  his  foot  hung,  taking  out  a 
piece  of  skin  1 1-2  by  3  inches,  which  left  a  fearful  wound,  and  I  thought  ne  was  ruined 
for  life.  After  a  long  time  I  got  it  healed,  leaving  a  bunch  or  callous  as  large  as  a  large 
ring-bone.  I  have  used  one  and  one  half  bottles  of  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  and  the  bunch 
is  nearly  all  gone.  I  can  not  say  too  much  for  the  Spavin  Cure,  for  it  has  done  for  me 
what  I  supposed  was  out  of  the  power  of  man  to  do,  in  removing  the  bunch. 

I  am  a  breeder  of  Ayrshire  cattle,  Leicester  sheep,  Berkshire  hogs,  and  Percheron 
horses,  and  miless  I  am  extraordinarily  lucky  will  want  to  use  more  or  less  of  the  Spav- 
in Cure  every  week.    Send  me  one  half  doz.  bottles  by  express.       Yours  Truly, 

S.  N.  DELAP. 


The  following  letter  was  written  to  our  agent  In  Louisville,  Kv.,  by  the  owner  of  the 
stage  route  from  Lebanon,  Ky.  to  Campbellsville,  who  is  well  knoAvn  throughout  the 
Htate. 

Cajvlpbellsvtlle,  Ky.,  Jan  30th,  1878. 
J.  W.  Morrill  &  Co.,  Louisville,  Ky.— Gents :— The  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  sent  me 
some  time  ago  has  proved  invaluable  in  all  cases  for  which  I  used  it;  sprains,  sore  back, 
galled  shoulders,  ^vindgall8  and  scratches.    Fortunately  I  did  not  have  anv  stock  at  the 
fime  with  spavin.  Yours  Respectfully, 

GEORGE  BORDERS. 


TESTIMONIALS. 


69 


■IV*'    .11 


A  SURE  METHOD  OF  CONVERTING  A  GOOD  HORSE  INTO  A  POOR  ONE. 


Meredith  Village,  X.  H.,  Feb.  17, 1879. 
Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Dear  Sirs  :— The  horse  I  used  your  Spavin  Cui-e  on  had  a 
splint  as  large  as  a  hen's  egg  and  it  had  been  there  about  a  year,  and  kept  growing  larg- 
er. I  used  one  bottle  of  your  Spavin  Cure  on  it,  which  took  it  nearly  all  off.  I  then  used 
a  half  bottle  more  and  it  took  it  entirely  off,  so  that  the  leg  was  as  smooth  as  the  other. 
It  was  worth  $  100  to  me  and  I  therefore  feel  very  grateful  to  you.  Please  send  me  one 
half  doz.  of  your  Spavin  Cure,  "C.  O.  D."  Yours  with  respect, 

JOIDs  C.  TOWLE. 


Lawrence,  ]NL\ss.,  Feb.  27th,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall— Dear  Sir :— Tour  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  "  has  entirely  cured  my 
horse  of  a  very  bad  bone  spavin.  Yours  Truly, 

G.  B.  HAXCHETT. 


Alexander,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  2nd,  1880. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— I  have  used  and  sold  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  " 
for  a  number  of  years  with  great  success.  It  is  a  sure  cure  for  spavins  and  ring-bones, 
when  used  according  to  directions.  One  of  my  neighbors  had  a  nice  young  horse  that 
had  two  bad  ring  bones,  which  made  him  verv  lame.  He  used  four  bottles  of  your 
Spavin  Cure,  tvhich  took  off  the  bunches  completely  and  cured  him  of  his  lameness  entirely. 
All  those  who  have  used  it,  around  here,  think  there  is  nothing  like  it.  Finnly  beliermg 
it  is  by  far  the  best  horse  liniment  ever  placed  before  the  public,  I  remain. 

Yours  &c., 

C.  W.  VANT>E  BOG.VET. 
Breeder  of  blooded  horses  and  dealer  in  horses  and  trotters,  Alexander,  GK^nesee 
County,  N.  Y. 


70 


TESTIMONIALS. 


Waddington,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  6th,  1880. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :—"  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  I  consider  as  a  truly 
beneficial  remedy  for  the  removal  of  Spavins  and  any  other  enlargement,  on  all  animals 
as  well  as  horses.  I  had  a  very  fine  Jersey  heifer  which  lost  one  icourth  (3^ )  of  her  bag 
with  garget,  and  remained  so  until  coming  in  the  second  time,  when  we  applied  your 
"Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,"  I'ubbing  it  thoroughly,  and  eflected  a  complete  cure,  be- 
lieving it  has  no  rival  as  a  liniment,  I  cheerfully  recommend  its  use. 

Yours  &c., 

WALTER  RUTHERFORD. 
Importer  and  breeder  of  fancy  cattle,  Stock  Farm,  Waddington,  N.  Y. 


Chilesburgh,  Ky.  Feb.  20th,  1879. 

Dr.  B.  J.  Kendali^ — Dear  Sir:— I  have  tried  your  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  on  a  chronic 
case  of  bone  spavin  which  has  been  treated  by  two  of  the  best  doctors  in  the  land.  T)ie 
case  was  lirefl  twice  and  I  can  safely  say  that  your  Spavin  Cure  did  more  good  than 
anything  which  1  ever  tried.  I  believe  it  to  be  a  good  remedy  for  a  great  many  difficul- 
ties. Ring-bone  and  bone  spavin  I  am  sure  it  will  cure  if  taken  in  time.  It  is  also  good 
for  scratches,  grease  heel,  &c.  Yours  Respectfully, 

T.  P.  MUIR. 


Glover,  Vt.,  Feb.  13th,  1879. 
Dk.  B.  J.  Kendall— Dear  Sir:— I  used  1  bottle  of  your  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  on  a 
horse  of  ours  and  removed  a  spavin  entirely;  and  one  of  my  neighbors  had  a  colt  with 
a  bad  ring-bone,  and  by  using  two  bottles  of  your  Spavin  Cure,  he  cured  it  entirely.    It 
has  given  gootl  satisfaction  here.  Yours  Truly, 

A.  II.  HALL. 


Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  9th,  1878. 
This  is  to  certify  that  I  have  used  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  for  a  splint,  and  am  liappy  to 
testify  that  it  has  fully  cured  it.  Yours  Respectfully, 

WILLIAM  SHARP, 
Supt.  of  Thornton  and  Chester's  Stable. 


Hyde  Park,  Vt.,  Nov.  8th,  1877. 

B.  J.  Kendall,  M.  D.— Dear  Sir :— I  am  no  great  friend  to  patent  medicines  but  do 
not  hesitate  to  speak  a  good  word  for  your  Spavin  Cure.  Two  years  ago  I  bought  a 
valuable  three  year  old  colt  in  Canada,  but  before  reaching  home  discovered  that  he  was 
lame  from  a  curb.  The  curb  continued  to  enlarge  and  would  at  times  render  the  colt  so 
lame  that  he  could  not  be  driven,  and  he  hobbled  very  badly.  I  was  induced  to  try  your 
Spavin  Cure,  and  with  one  bottle  and  a  half  took  away  the  enlargement,  and  from  that 
day  to  the  present  time  he  has  not  been  lame.  For  curb  therefore  I  do  not  hesitiite  to 
recommend  people  to  try  '*  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure."  Y^ours  Truly, 

REV.  O.  S.  BASFORD. 
Editor  of  The  Lamoille  News. 


Lowell,  Mass.,  May  25, 1878. 

B.  J.  Kendall  :— Dear  Sir :— Send  us  as  usual  three  (3)  dozen  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure. 
We  received  your  inquiry  for  references,  and  have  delayed  answering  from  time  to 
time,  in  hopes  of  getting  one  from  a  man  who  used  10  bottles  and  completely  cured  a 
spavin  of  six  years  growth  on  a  horse  that  after  the  cure  trotted  better  than  40  and  sold 
for  $450.00.  When  he  commenced  to  use  the  Cure  the  horse  was  dead  lame  and  would 
not  sell  for  $  10.00.  We  did  not  know  the  man's  name  and  have  not  been  able  to  find  him 
since  your  letter.  Yoiu's  Respectfully, 

CROWELL  &  HARRISON, 
Apothecaries,  Lowell,  Mass. 


4620  Paul  Street,  Frankford,  PniLADELrHiA,  Penn.,  Jan.  8, 1880. 

B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gentlemen :— I  had  a  horse  in  my  stables  that  I  drove  from 

1862  until  April,  1878.    During  all  that  time  he  suflered  more  or  less  from  a  bone  spavin 

which  in  1878  was  at  least  of  19  years  standing,  for  the  spavin  was  on  his  leg  when  we 

bought  the  horse  in  1860,  he  being  then  7  years  old,  and  the  man  who  sold  us  the  horse 


TESTIMONIALS.  71 

declared  that  the  horse  was  foaled  with  that  enlargement  on  his  hock.  I  used  various 
sweating  and  blistering  liniments  and  in  1865  we  engaged  a  veterinary  surgeon  who  ap- 
plied the  actual  cautery;  but  all  these  failed  to  give  permanent  relief.  But  linally  I  ob- 
tained a  bottle  of  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  which  I  applied  at  once  according  to  directions, 
and  the  patient  old  sufferer  found  instant  relief.  I  have  used  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure" 
for  spavins,  ring-bones,  splints,  &c.,  with  entire  satisfaction,  ever  since.— It  certainly  is 
one  of  the  most  useful  and  beneficial  discoveries  of  tlie  age.  Yours  Truly, 

THEODORE  F.  WEIS5. 


Office  of  Van  Schaack,  Stevenson  &  Co.,  Wholesale  Druggists, 

92  and  94  Lake  St.,  Chicago,  III.,  Jan  1st,  1880. 

R.  J.  IvENDALL  &  Co.— Gentlemen  :— "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure"  is  having  an  unprece- 
dented sale  in  this  market  for  the  length  of  time  it  has  been  introduced.  All  wlio  use 
it  give  it  an  unqualifled  indorsement  as  the  greatest  horse  liniment  of  the  age.  We  en- 
close you  a  testimonial  from  Hanchett  &  Carter,  proprietors  of  tlie  great  12th  St.  liverj^ 
stable,  of  tliis  city,  who  are  enthusiastic  in  its  praise. 

Chicago,  III.,  Dec.  1.5,  1879. 
Van  Schaack  Stevenson  &  Co.— Gents  .-—It  is  several  years  since  we  lirst  bought 
" Kendall's  Spavin  Cure "  of  you  and  we  do  not  hesitate  to  say  it  is  the  very  best  ai-ticle 
for  spavin,  ring-bones,  scratches,  splints,  &c.,  that  we  have  ever  used.  W^e  would  not 
be  without  it  in  our  large  livery  for  thousands  of  dollars  as  we  use  it  constantly,  with  a 
success  that  we  did  not  anticipate.  Every  one  who  has  used  it  around  here  speaks  of 
its  wonderful  cures  in  the  highest  terms.  Having  used  every  known  remedy  which  has 
been  placed  before  the  public,  we  do  not  hesitate  to  pronounce  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure" 
one  of  the  greatest  discoveries  of  the  age,  and  somctliing  that  no  liorse  owner  should  be 
without.    It  stands  without  a  peer  in  horse  liniments.    Respectfully  Yours, 

HANCHETT  &  CARTER. 

Proprietors  of  12th  St.  Livery,  Chicago,  111. 

This  is  only  a  specimen  of  what  we  might  give  you.  Yours  &c., 

VAN  SCHAACK  STEVENSON  &  CO 


72 


WHAT    IS    GOOD    FOR    MAN    IS    GOOD    FOR    BEAST. 


^^^rmjAA^Lemsf^ 


It  has  long  been  the  opinion  of  eminent  scientists,  who  have  made  the  realm  of  nature 
the  study  of  a  lifetime,  that  the  horse  is  our  noblest  domestic  animal,  perfect  in  structure, 
beautiful  in  appearance,  and  exhibiting  a  large  amount  of  intelligence,  and  whose  phys 
leal  nature  closely  resembles  that  of  the  human  family,  thus  showing  that  the  causes 
and  effects  of  diseases  may  be  quite  similar  to  diseases  in  the  human  subject;  therefore 
■we  would  naturally  infer  that  any  remedy  which  is  good  for  either  man  or  beast  would 
be  equally  as  good  for  one  as  the  other  under  similar  circumstances. 

Knowing  this  to  be  the  case,  and  after  hearing  repeatedly  from  parties  who  had  used 
•'Kendall  s  Spavin  Cure"  with  the  most  gratifying  results,  for  lameness  or  deep-seated 
pains  on  their  own  persons  we  began  to  use  it  ourselves  on  human  flesh,  and  after  using 
it  for  the  past  two  years  or  more  for  bruises,  cuts,  corns,  frost-bites,  burns,  sprains, 
rheumatism  or  any  lameness,  and  using  on  children  from  one  or  two  years  of  age  to 
men  of  mature  years  without  ever  seeing  the  shghtest  injury  from  using  it  ftill  strength, 
but  seeing  always  the  most  marked  beneficial  results,  we  now  recommend  it,  with  the 
most  perfect  confidence  as  the  best  liniment  ever  placed  before  the  public  for  any  lame- 
ness or  deep  seated  pain  in  man.  Especially  would  we  recommend  it  for  bad  cases  of 
long  standing.  We  care  not  if  every  other  known  remedy  has  been  tried  and  failed  to 
benefit  in  the  least;  for  every  case  of  this  kind  where  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  has  been, 
(to  our  knoMiedge),  applied,  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  two  or  three  weeks,  a  cure 
has  been  the  result. 

It  does  not  take  immediate  effect,  and  sometimes  there  will  be  scarcely  any  perceptible 
effect  for  one  or  two  weeks ;  but  while  it  may  be  slow  in  its  effects  in  these  cases  it  al- 
ways proves  to  be  sure  to  cure  if  followed  up  according  to  directions. 

In  using  it  for  any  difficulty  of  long  standing,  it  should  be  applied  for  a  long  time,  as 
such  difficulties  cannot  be  removed  in  a  short  time.  It  can  be  applied  with  a  feather, 
with  a  small  swab,  or  with  the  hand,  and  by  applying  two  or  three  times  a  day,  for  sev- 
eral days,  it  will  usually  cause  the  skin  to  be  a  little  sore  on  man,  and  we  recommend 
that  for  all  long  standing  difficulties  it  be  applied  after  it  becomes  some  sore  just  the 
same  as  before,  until  the  disease  is  i*emoved>  Only  a  little  is  necessary  at  each  applica' 
tion. 
Rend  testimonials  on  next  page  showing  its  wonderful  effects  on  human  flesh. 


WHAT    IS    GOOD    FOR    MAN    IS    GOOD    FOR    BEAST.  73 

READ  OF  ITS  EFFECTS  ON  HUMAN  FLESH  ! 

Bakeksfield,  Vt.,  Dec.  23,  1879. 
B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.— Gents :— I  wish  to  add  my  testimony  in  favor  of  j-oiir  invalua- 
ble liniment,  "Kendall's  Spavin  Cure."  In  the  spring  of  18(52  1  slipped  on  the  ice  and 
sprained  my  right  limb  at  the  knee  joint.  1  was  very  lame,  and,  at  times,  suflered  tlie- 
most  excruciating  pain.  I  wore  a  bandage  on  it  for  over  a  year  and  tried  most  every 
thing  in  my  reach,  but  could  lind  nothing  that  would  give  permanent  relief.  When  I 
overworked  it  would  pain  me  very  much.  In  April,  1878  I  began  to  think  1  .<hould  be  a 
cripple  for  life;  but,  having  some  of  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,"  thought  1  would  try  it.  1 
used  one  third  of  a  bottle,  and  experienced  relief  at  once.  The  pain  left  me  and  has  not 
troubled  me  since.  I  feel  very  grateful  to  you  and  would  recommend  "  Kendall's  Spavin 
Cure"  to  all  who  suffer  with  sprains,  or  rheumatism.  Yours  Truly, 

31RS.  J.  BOUTELL. 


Dunham,  P.  Q.,  March  10, 1879. 

Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall— Dear  Sir :— About  a  year  ago  I  fell  in  the  road  on  to  some  ice  and 
was  badly  hurt  in  the  hip  joint,  which  caused  me  much  suflering.  I  tried  various  reme- 
dies but  none  gave  relief  imtil  I  tried  your  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure.  I  applied  it,  full 
strength,  twice  a  day  for  about  two  weeks  during  last  October,  and  it  effected  a  perfect 
cure.  I  have  since  then  been  well  and  free  from  lameness.  It  is  very  valuable  for  man 
as  well  as  for  beast.  Yours  Truly, 

CHESTER  K.  GREEN. 


Patten's  Mills,  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  21st,  1878. 
B.  J.  Ken'T>all,  M.  D.— Dear  Sir :— The  particular  case  on  which  I  used  your  "  Spavin 
Cure  "was  a  malignant  ankle  sprain  of  sixteen  months  standing.  I  had  tried  many 
things  but  in  vain.  Your  •'  Spavin  Cure"  put  the  foot  to  the  ground  again,  and,  for  the 
first  time  since  hurt,  in  a  natural  position.  For  a  family  liniment  it  excels  anything  we 
ever  used.  Yours  Truly, 

REV.  M.  P.  BELL. 
Pastor  M.  E.  Church,  Patten's  Mills,  N.  Y. 


74  AGENTS. 

Agents  for  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure- 


We  give  below  some  of  the  agents,  most  of  whom  sell  at  wholesale  and  retail.  It  is  al- 
so sold  by  nearly  all  of  the  wholesale  druggists,  and  by  a  large  share  of  the  retail  deal- 
ers in  medicine ;  but  if  your  dealer  has  if^not  in  his  stock  and  will  not  get  it  for  you  send 
direct  to  Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall,  &  Co.,  Enosburgh  Falls,  Vt.,  and  they  will  send,  on  receipt  of 
price  ($  1.  per  bottle  or  six  for  $  5.)  to  any  address  and  they  usually  put  in  with  every 
sample  order  of  this  kind  a  present  worth  about  what  the  express  will  be,  as  near  as 

they  can  calculate. 

^  SOME  OF  OUll  AGENTS. 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  324  Broadway,  Woodward  &  Hill. 

Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  Emanuel  Mann. 

Atlanta,  Ga.,  Hunt,  Rankin  &  Lamar. 

Baltimore,  Md.,  277  W.  Baltimore  St.,  Robt.  Lawson  &  Co. 

Baltimore,  Md.,  16  German  St.,  Thomsen  &  Muth. 

Bloomington,  111.,  Wm.  W.  Marmon. 

Boston,  Mass.,  100  Federal  St.,  French  &  Coffin. 

Boston,  Mass.,  38  Hanover  St.,  Geo.  C  Goodwin  &  Co. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  20  Exchange  St.,  J.  S.  Lytle  &  Son. 

Burlington,  Iowa,  317  North  Main  St.,  Reynolds  &  Churchill. 

Burlington,  Vt.,  Wells,  Richardson  &  Co. 

Chicago,  111.,  4.5  Lake  St.,  P.  Ilayden  &  Co. 

Chicago,"  111.,  92  Lake  St.,  Van  Schaack,  Stevenson  &  Co. 

Chicago,  111.,  22  Market  St.,  Fuller  &  Fuller. 

Cincinnati,  O.,  60  Walnut  St.,  R.  Macready  &  Co. 

Cincinnati,  Ohio,  177  Sycamore  St.,  John  D.  Park  &  Sons. 

Cincinnati,  O.,  146  Main  St.,  J.  J.  Bantlin. 

Cleveland,  O.,  114  Superior  St.,  Strong,  Cobb  &  Co. 

Cleveland,  O.,  223  Superior  St.,  Dr.  F.  S.  Slosson. 

Columbus,  O.,  Braun  &  Bruck. 

Columbus,  O.,  43  East  Spring  St.,  James  W.  Meek. 

Concord,  N.  H.,  Underbill  &  Kittredge. 

Davenport,  Iowa,  Haight,  Sears  &  Co. 

Denver,  Colorado,  J.  Durbin. 

Detroit,  Mich.,  15  Larned  St.,  Farrand,  Williams  &  Co. 

Detroit,  Mich.,  104  Woodward  Avenue,  P.  Hayden. 

Detroit,  Mich.,  Swift  &  Dodds. 

Detroit,  Mich.,  T.  H.  Hinchman  &  Sons. 

Dubuque,  Iowa,  W.  H.  Torbert. 

Elmira,  N.  Y.,  126  Lake  St.,  Gerity  &  MorriU. 

Fort  Wayne,  Ind.,  Meyer  Bros.  &  Co. 

Galena,  111.,  131  Main  St.,  S.  Crawford  &  Co. 

Hartford,  Conn.,  Smith,  Bourn  &  Co. 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  40  South  Meridian  St.,  Geo.  K.  Share  &  Co. 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  9  East  Washington  St.,  Browning  &  Sloan. 

Indianapolis,  Ind.,  38  and  48  East  Washington  St.,  Stewart  &  Barre. 

La  Cross,  Wis.,  McCulloch,  McCord  &  Co. 

La^vrence,  Mass.,  179  Essex  St.,  Charles  Clarke. 

Louisville,  Ky.,  315  Main  St.,  J.  W.  Morrill  &  Co. 

LoulsvUle,  Ky.,  196  Main  St.,  R.  A.  Robinson  &.  Co. 


AGENTS.  76 

Lowell,  Mass.,  159  Central  St.,  Crowell  &  Harrison. 

Manchester,  N.  H.,  Edwin  Branch. 

Milwaukee,  Wis.,  Dolimen,  Schmitt  &  Ck). 

Nashville,  Tenn.,  Xo.  1  Public  Square,  Berry,  Demoville  &.  Co. 

New  Haven,  Conn.,  Richardson  &  Co. 

New  London,  Conn.,  O.  G.  Bectsvith.  " 

New  Orleans,  La.,  42  Camp  St.,  I.  L.  Lyons. 

New  York  City,  170  WiDiani  St.,  W.  H.  Schieffelin  &  Co. 

New  York  City,  128  Chambers  St.,  C  M.  Moseman  &  Bro. 

New  York  City,  40  Warren  St.,  C.  B.  Smith  &  Co. 

Norfolk,  Va.,  24  Union  St.,  A.  Wrenn  &  Son. 

Omaha,  Nebraska.  C.  F.  Goodman. 

Peoria,  111.,  Singer  «&  Wheeler. 

Philadelphia,  Pa  ,  38  X.  Third  St.,  C  B.  Day  &  Co. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  602  Arch  St.,  Johnston,  Holloway  &  Co. 

PhiladelpMa,  Pa.,  N.  W.  Cor.  10th  and  Market  Sts.,  French,  Richards  &  Co. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  Harris  &  Ewing. 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  292  Liberty  St.,  Campbell  &  McKelvy. 

Portland,  Maine,  John  W.  Perkins  &  Co. 

Portland,  Maine,  W.  F.  Phillips  &  Co. 

Providence,  R.  I.,  54  to  58  Weybosset  St.,  Wm.  B.  Blanding. 

Providence,  R.  I.,  3  and  5  Fulton  St.,  E.  Allen  &  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.,  Jacob  K.  Post  &  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y.,  103  East  Main  St.,  F.  B.  Raymond  «&  Co. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  512  North  Main  St.,  Haydens  &  Allen. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  10  N.  Second  St.,  Meyer  Bros.  &  Co. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Richardson  &  Co. 

St.  Paul,  Minn.,  32  Robert  St.,  Noyes  Bros.  «&  Cutler. 

St.  Paul,  aiinn.,  31  Robert  St.,  Schmidt  &  Miller. 

San  Francisco,  California,  Crane  «&  Brigham. 

Scranton,  Pa.,  410  Lackawanna  Ave.,  Greo.  W.  FWtz. 

South  Bend,  Ind.,  Gushing  &  Co. 

Springfield,  Mass.,  J.  T.  Webber  &  Co. 

Springfield,  Ohio,  41  East  Main  St.,  Dr.  T.  J.  Casper. 

Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  C.  W.  Snow  &  Co. 

Toledo,  Ohio,  West  &  Truax. 

Utica,  N.  Y.,  9  Broad  St.,  George  Windhenn. 

Worcester,  Mass.,  30  Exchange  St.,  Geo.  N.  Newhall. 

BfPORTANT  TO  MERCHANTS  AND  HORSEMEN. 

We  would  like  a  good  agent  to  sell  "  Kendall's  Spavin  Cure  "  and  this  book,  in  every 
town  in  the  United  States.  Apply  fr-^  Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.,  Enosburgh  Falls,  Vt., 
for  terms. 

We  hope  that  none  but  reliable  and  responsible  persons  will  make  applications  for 
the  agencj',  and  to  all  such  we  would  say  that  we  will  print  circulars  for  our  agents 
with  their  card  printed  on  them  and  send  free  by  mail  to  any  person  who  buys  the  Spav- 
in Cure,  either  of  us  or  of  any  of  our  wholesale 'agents,  to  sell  again,  if  they  will  only 
write  to  us  giving  name  and  place  ■written  plain  that  we  m.ay  know  number  wanted  &c. 

We  recommend  all  to  send  their  orders  to  the  nearest  wholesale  agent. 

Li  sending  ox'ders  direct  to  us  it  is  best  usiially  to  send  P.  O.  money  order  or  check 
for  the  amount  wanted,  with  full  shipping  directions,  and  the  order  will  i-eceive  prompt 
attention,  and  by  so  doing  you  will  save  time  and  expense.  To  all  A\'ho  would  investi 
gate  to  know  if  we  are  responsible  for  any  money  which  might  be  sent  to  us  we  would 
refer  to  the  following  well  known  firms.  Wells,  Richardson  &  Co.,  Burlinarton,  Vt.,  Geo. 
C.  GoodA\iu  &  Co.,  Boston,  Mass.,  and  Charles  Pfizer  &  Co.,  New  York  City,  or  to  any 
of  the  clergymen  or  officers  in  this  town. 


76  REFERENCES. 


REFERENCES. 


Charles  A.  Currier,  Special  Agent  for  the  Massachusetts  Society  for  the  prevention  of 
cruelty  to  Animals,  Boston,  Mass. 

Joseph  Baker,  Agent  for  the  same  Society,  East  Boston,  Mass. 

H.  W.  Petus,  Foreman  Metropolitan  Horse  Car  Stable,  Boston  Neck,  Mass. 

Thomas  Langlan,  Boston  Mass. 

Charles  Sager,  Livery,  Portland,  Me. 

N.  E.  Wight,  "  «« 

George  Borders,  Campbellsville,  Ky,,  proprietor  of  stage  route  from  Lebanon  to 
Campbellsville,  Ky. 

C.  W.  Vande  Bogart,  Breeder  of  Blooded  Horses  and  dealer  in  horses  and  trotters, 
Alexander,  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y. 

Sumner  Howard,  (Late  Attorney  General  for  the  U.  S.  at  Salt  Lake  City,)  Flint,  Mich. 

John  Parker,  (U.  S.  Marshall,  Western  Dist.  of  JNIich.)  Kalamazoo,  Mich. 

H.  H.  Littell,  (Supt.  Louisville  City  Railway  Co.)  Louisville,  Ky. 

Thomas  O'Connor,  Chief  Engineer  Fire  Department,  New  Orleans,  La. 

C.  E.  Mosher,  Driver  and  trainer,  Lawrence,  Mass. 

John  W.  Porter  &  Co.,  Livery  &  Sale  stable,  Lawrence,  Mass. 

C.  A.  Chandler,  freight  agent  at  Eastern  R.  R.,  Lawrence,  Mass. 

Hanchett  &  Carter,  (Livery)  Chicago,  111. 

Wisconsin  Leather  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

B.  J.  Demarest,  Trainer  for  O.  J.  Schoolcraft,  Richmond,  Va. 
J.  C.  Talcott,  New  York  City. 

F.  Harry  Hamilton,  No.  132  West  31st  Street,  New  York  City. 

Geo.  H.  Page,  Livery,  Providence,  R.  I. 

William  Sharp,  Supt.  of  Thornton  &  Chester's  Stable,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Arthur  Tuttlebee,  71  Edward  St.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

R.  W.  Nichols,  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. 

W.  H.  Smith  &  Bro.,  Hillsdale,  Mich. 

E.  R.  Towle,  Agricultural  Editor  St.  Albans  Messenger,  West  Berkshire,  Vt 

Frank  Foote,  Haverhill,  Mass. 

A.  M.  Bancroft,  Woodstock  Valley,  Conn. 

John  C.  Towle,  Meredith  Village,  N.  H. 

Walter  Rutherford,  Stock  Farm,  Waddington,  N.  "X . 

Robt.  Wood,  Charlestown,  Ind. 

E.  A.  Laduke,  Burlington,  Vt. 

Fred  J.  Graves,  East  Barnard,  Vt. 

A  Stevens,  Bridport,  Vt. 

C.  P.  Blake,  Epping,  N.  H. 
H.  N.  White,  Panton,  Vt. 

,  D.  W.  Nash,  New  Haven,  Vt. 
Albert  C.  Clark,  Hcnniker,  N.  H. 
P.  M.  Good,  Amwell,  Wayne  Co.,  Ohio. 
W.  A.  Craig,  Westfield,  Mass. 


REFERENCES.  77 

C.  Bailey,  Port  Covington,  N.  Y. 
Francis  M.  Smith,  Harwicli  Center,  Mass. 
Edwin  Richardson,  Dixon,  Iowa. 

R.  Mc  Kay,  Liverj-  Keeper,  Dunkirk,  N.  Y. 

Joseph  Tyler,  Dunkirk,  N.  Y. 

Charles  A.  Rolfe,  Princeton,  Washington  Co.,  Maine. 

B.  D.  Bramer,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

J.  H.  Childs,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 

H.  R.  Reese,  Onondaga  Valley,  N.  Y. 

D.  C.  Whitbeck,  (Palace  Stables,)  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
A.  V.  Smith,  51  State  St.,  " 

N.  P.  Wilbur,  "  " 

A.  M.  Hayes,  Bureau  Eng.  and  Ptg.,  Treasury  Dept.,  Washington,  D.  C 

Geo.  Bryan,  (Trainer  and  owner  of  Runners  and  Trotters,)  Thomasville,  Georgia. 

August  Post,  Real  Estate  Broker,  Moulton,  Iowa. 


A  FEW  OF  THE 

MEDICINES  USED  FOR  THE  HORSE. 


We  once  heard  it  remarked  by  an  eminent  professor  of  Ma- 
'teria  Modica  that  if  he  was  compelled  to  combat  with  disease 
with  either  Opium  alone,  or  all  of  the  remaining  drugs  in  use 
without  the  opium,  he  would  choose  the  opium  alone. 

Another  professor  has  said  "give  me  mercury,  iodine,  quinine  and  the 
lancet,  and  I  will  combat  with  disease."  While  I  do  not  altogether  en- 
dorse the  views  of  either  of  these  distinguished  professors,  either  in 
the  number  or  selection  of  medicines  they  would  choose  first  in  prefer- 
ence to  all  others,  I  would  say,  give  me  as  my  first  choice,  aconite  and 
iron  in  connection  with  the  opium  and  a  few  others  and  I  should  feel 
that  I  was  fitted  out  with  the  most  important  drugs,  for  the  successful 
treatment  of  the  diseases  of  the  horse. 

We  will  give  something  of  a  history  of  the  more  important  drugs 
used  for  the  treatment  of  the  diseases  of  the  horse,  with  their  effects 
and  uses. 

Acids.  These  nearly  all  have  a  sour  taste,  and  are  derived  from  the 
vegetable,  mineral  and  animal  kingdoms.  The  number  of  acids  used 
in  medicines  is  small;  among  the  most  important  of  these  are  acetic 
acid,  muriatic  acid,  nitric  acid,  sulphuric  acid,  tannic  acid,  gallic  acid, 
carbolic  acid,  arsenious  acid,  phosphoric  acid,  and  tartaric  acid. 

Acetic  Acid.  When  diluted  with  seven  parts  of  water  it  is  about 
the  strength  of  ordinary  vinegar.  It  is  produced  from  the  purification 
of  pyroligneous  acid. 

Use.  It  is  used  by  some,  with  good  results,  for  sprains,  and  bruises 
and  for  the  destruction  of  the  poison  of  insects,  by  adding  to  six  ounces 
of  the  acid  \  ounce  tincture  of  opium  and  two  ounces  of  camphor. 

MuEiATic  Acid.  This  acid  is  obtained  by  the  action  of  sulphuric 
acid  on  common  salt.  When  pure  it  is  a  transparent,  colorless  liquid ; 
but  the  commercial  acid  has  a  yellowish  color. 

Muriatic  acid  is  a  good  tonic  in  debilitating  diseases  of  the  horse  and 
is  refrigerant  and  antiseptic. 

Dose.  Half  to  one  fluid  drachm  may  be  given,  largely  diluted  with 
cold  water,  and  repeated  two  to  four  times  a  day.  '^> 

Externally,  it  may  be  used  for  sores  in  the  feet,  by  pouring  a  few  drops 
into  the  sores  or  nail  holes.    Eight  or  ten  drops  may  be  advantageously 


MEDICINES    USED   IfOR   THE    HORSE.  79 

used  for  poll-evil  or  quittor  by  being  poured  directly  into  the  fistulous 

""Tmfy  be  used  for  various  affections  of  the  skin  by  diluting  with  glyc- 
erine, and  washing  off  in  a  short  time  if  used  strong. 


i-^rj— ' 


Carbolic  Acid.    This  important  medicine  is  obtained  from  coal  tar 
nil      Its  smell  resembles  that  of  creosote.  .      ^  ,  i 

Usl     iTisused  for  various  purposes  such  as  a  disinfec  ant  m  stebles 
whe4  animals  have  distempers,  fevers.  &c.,  by  washmg  the  sta  Is 
Z^vs  and^eilinc'S,  with  water  which  contains  a  small  quantity  of  the 
acid    also  used  wth  gratifying  resttlts  for  unhealthy  wounds  and  sores, 
by  appWnrfso^ution  of  L  following  strength;  Carbol.c  ac:d,  1  oz 
fiesh   soft  "water  6  pints;  this  prevents  putrefaction  and  w.l   cause  the 
wound  to  brmore  healthy  and  to  heal  sooner.  Carbolic  acul  .s  also  used 
for  destroying  wood  ticks,  lice  and  all  kinds  of  parasites,  and  is  qui  e 
effectTvelnpreventing  the  bot  fly  from  depositing  her  eggs  jhen  those 
pSts  which'are  commonly  chosen  by  the  bot  fly,  are  washed  with  a  so- 

^  trotc^r  (:rf  if  A\\:X^tis.)  TMs  is  a^o  a  valuable  tonic 
w^en  proper  y  given.    It  is  extremely  sour  and  corrosive,  and  should 

a  sto  um°of  water  Contained  in  a  chamber  lined  wi  h  sheet-lead 

Psef  Many  consider  this  acid  to  be  preferable  to  any  other  of  the 
acids  forTnternal  use.  in  debility  of  the  digestive  organs,  for  general 
weakness,  and  as  a  refrigerant  ^^^.^^^ 

riol  sufficient  to  make  it  of  a  pasty  consistence  so  it  can  be  conhnea  lo 
the  location  which  it  is  desired  to  cauterize. 


80  MEDICINES    USED   FOR   THE   HOESE. 

This  acid  as  well  as  nitric  or  muriatic  acid  is  a  powerful  irrit«ti„. 
poison  when  given  into  the  stomach  undiluted-  and  nerll!  k  i^  u  ^ 
in  mind  when  these  acids  are  given  that  ^  ^honld  r-gtlT^^::,^ 
with  water  and  thoroughly  mixed  before  administering  ^ 

J^se  of  Sulphuric  acid  is  about  10  to  40  drops,  largely  diluted  with 

gan~  tTJ'^T-"  '''"  "^T'"-^    ™'  '^  P™d-«1  fro-  Nut- 
ga  is,  Oak  bai  k,  &c.    It  is  uncrystallizable,  white,  or  slightly  yellowish 
with  a  strongly  astringent  taste,  inodorous,  soluble  in  water  "^  no  i 
very  soluble  in  alcohol  or  ether,  and  insoluble  in  most  oirs 

lannic  acid  precipitates  solutions  of  starch,  albumen' and  ^Inten 
iTathlr^  with  gelatine  an  insoluble  compound  whiTh  i^  the  balTf 

Uses  It  is  valuable,  mixed  with  water,  as  a  wash  for  running  sores 
and  nlcers  and  is  also  excellent  for  diarrhoea,  and  may  be  given  for  anv 
disease  where  this  class  of  medicines  is  indicated.  It  w1 1  in  manv 
cases  of  bleeding  sores,  stop  the  bleeding  if  applied  locally  it  fs  some 
mes  used  as  an  eye-wash  with  excellent  success,  by  applying  a  Hu 
auart  ,^'t  H°"'?  '''""^*^  '="'""'  '"'"'■  ^  ounce!  colVwfter  on" 
eye  wash.     "  '  ''"'^  '"'"  '°  "'"*  ^'  ^•'""'  '<"'ommeM  it  as  an 

Sose.    For  diarrhoea  the  dose  should  be  from  4  to  I  drachm 
Aconite.    (Wolfsbane-Monkshood.)    An  active  poison  which  grows 
abundantly  m  the  forests  of  Germany,  France  and  Switzerland     iHs 
alo  cultivated  in  the  gardens  of  Europe,  and  has  been  introduced  into 
this  country  as  an  ornamental  flower.   All  parts  are  poison.  The  leaves 

rhlrm  theTefves:^  ''-'^  -'''  '^  ^'^  -<"  *'-•>  -eaX: 
Tinciure  of  Aconite  Root.-This  is  one  of  the  most  powerful,  and  suc- 
cessful sedatives  which  is  in  use.    It  is  one  of  the  best  medidnes  we 
have  for  the  successful  treatment  of  several  of  the  diseases  of  the  horse 
when  properly  used ;  and  has,  to  a  certain  extent,  done  away  with  bleed- 
ing and  physicking;  the  former  of  which  has  been  in  the  past  so  indis- 
crimimvtcly  and  dangerously  used.     It  is  not  only  sedative,  but  it  is 
an  anodyne,  di.-iphorotic  and  antiphlogistic.     It  controls  fever,  reduces 
nflammation   and  alLays  pain.     In  fact,  we  have  no  drug  which  will 
so  well  control  the  circulation  and  action  of  the  heart  as  aconite. 
ff^oaj  a^es-Tbe  eifects  of  remedial  doses  are  felt  in  20  or  30  min- 
tes  and  are  at  their  height  in  an  hour  or  two,  and  continue  with  lit- 
tle abatement  from  3  to  5  hours.    We  have  no  single  drug  which  is  used 
with  such  gratifying  results  in  many  cases,  such  as  lung  fever,  or   in 

Ind  founder""*"""  "^""^  ^"'^  "^'^^  ^°^^'  "°"'=  *'™'"  ^^'^''SSveen  food, 


V  MEDICINES    USED    FOR   THE    HORSE.  81 

Caution.  In  over  doses  this  valuable  drug  is  an  active  poison,  there- 
fore, we  would  caution  all  who  use  it  about  giving  too  large  quantities, 
as  prostration  and  perhaps  death  would  he  the  result.  Never  give 
more  than  5  or  6  doses,  if  25  drops  are  given  at  each  dose,  nor  more 
than  7  or  8,  if  20  drops  are  given  at  each  dose.  The  dose  may  vary  from 
10  to  45  drops,  but  for  most  purposes  should  be  about  25  drops. 

Aloes  are  of  several  varieties,  Cape,  Barbadoes  and  Socotrine,  and 
it  is  the  condensed  juice  of  the  leaves  of  a  plant.  Given  by  some  as 
a  purgative  or  cathartic  for  horses ;  others  consider  it  bad  practice  to 
use  it  much.  A  dose  should,  for  ordinary  purposes,  be  from  i  to  1  ounce. 
It  is  generally  best  to  combine  with  it  fenugreek,  ginger  or  Canella. 

Antimony,  exists  in  its  natural  state  in  France  and  Germany.  The 
preparations  of  antimony  which  are  used  for  the  horse  most,  are  1st, 
sulphur et  of  antimony,  also  commonly  called  black  antimony.  This  is 
by  many  considered  a  remarkable  remedy  for  the  horse,  for  many  pur- 
poses, but  especially  to  make  the  horse  shine,  and  to  have  the  appear- 
ance of  being  quite  fat.  2d.  Tartrate  of  antimony  and  Potassa  common- 
ly called  tartar  emetic,  has  been  in  great  repute  in  the  treatment  of  dis- 
eases of  the  chest ;  but  is  now  considered  of  but  little  value  in  these 
diseases. 

Anise  Seed.  Are  obtained  from  the  anise  plant  which  is  a  native  of 
Egypt,  but  has  been  introduced  into  the  south  of  Europe  and  is  cultivat- 
ed in  various  parts  of  that  country,  and  is  cultivated  occasionally  in  the 
gardens  of  this  country. 

Uses.  It  is  a  grateful,  aromatic  carminative ;  and  is  supposed  to  have 
the  property  of  increasing  the  secretion  of  milk.  It  is  used  for  flatulent 
colic,  indigestion,  loss  of  appetite,  etc.  It  is  an  excellent  remedy  when 
combined  with  other  medicines  for  various  kinds  of  Condition  powders. 

Dose.  From  i  to  two  ounces,  which  may  be  repeated  three  times  a  day. 

Aqua  Ammonia,  (called  also  Hartshorn.)  This  medicine  is  very 
valuable  both  for  internal  and  external  use.  It  is  a  diffusible  stimu- 
lant, antispasmodic  and  antacid.  It  is  used  exterfially  with  olive  oil, 
and  in  various  mixtures  as  a  counter  irritant.  Used  as  an  antidote  for 
bites  of  poisonous  serpents.  Given  with  good  results  for  flatulent  colic 
in  doses  of  two  to  three  drachms ;  given  with  milk  as  directed  below 
for  carbonate  of  ammonia. 

Carbonate  of  Ammonia.  This  is  a  very  valuable  medicine  for  de- 
bility and  prostration  from  lung  fever,  bronchitis,  influenza  or  any  dis- 
ease causing  great  weakness.  Its  effects  are  similar  to  those  of  aqua 
ammonia  given  above. 

Dose.  One  to  three  drachms  which  may  be  repeated  three  times  a 
day,  and  should  be  given  in  milk  or  cold  gruel,  which  will  protect  the 
mucus  membranes  of  the  throat  and  stomach. 


82  MEDICINES    USED    FOR   THE   HORSE. 

Arsenic.  This  is  an  active  poison  in  large  doses,  but  when  given  in 
proper  doses  is  an  excellent  tonic,  improving  the  general  condition  of 
the  horse.  It  should  be  given  in  a  large  bulk  of  cut  feed,  so  as  to  pro- 
tect the  stomach.  From  two  to  5  grains  may  be  given  in  the  24  hours, 
and  it  should  be  continued  for  about  two  weeks,  when  the  medicine 
should  be  stopped  for  one  or  two  weeks,  and  then  it  may  be  given  again 
as  before.     Some  consider  it  a  sure  cure  for  the  heaves. 

ASSAFCETIDA.  A  gum  resiu  obtained  from  a  plant  of  Persia  by  making 
incisions  into  the  living  root,  collecting  the  juice  which  exudes,  and  dry- 
ing it  in  the  sun.     It  has  a  peculiar  odor,  similar  to  that  of  onions. 

Uses.  It  is  antispasmodic,  expectorant,  and  a  moderate  stimulant 
and  laxative.  It  is  given  as  a  vermifuge  and  for  loss  of  appetite,  also 
used  for  heaves,  in  connection  with  camphor.  (See  treatment  of  heaves.) 

Dose.  One  to  three  drachms,  and  if  the  stimulant  effect  is  wanted 
give  from  one  to  two  ounces  of  the  tincture. 

Blue  Vitriol.  This  is  an  excellent  medicine  when  given  internally, 
as  a  tonic,  to  build  up  the  system.  Given  for  glanders,  farcy  and  vari- 
ous other  diseases  requiring  tonic  and  alterative  medicine,  and  should 
be  combined  with  ginger,  fenugreek  or  gentian.  Externally  blue  vitriol 
is  used  with  good  results  as  a  caustic  for  proud  flesh  by  touching  the 
parts  with  a  piece  of  the  crystal.  It  is  also  excellent  for  many  wounds, 
which  have  no  proud  flesh,  by  applying  it  in  solution,  6  to  12  grains  to 
each  ounce  of  soft  water. 

Dose.  It  may  be  given  in  doses  from  ^  to  1  drachm,  and  given  twice 
a  day^. 

Camphor.  A  peculiar  concrete  substance  derived  from  a  plant  in 
China  and  Japan.  It  is  recommended  for  nervous  excitement  and  for 
heaves,  and  is  used  in  many  cough  mixtures.  It  is  a  favorite  household 
remudy,  and  used  externally  to  a  large  extent. 

Dose.  Camphor  may  be  given  in  doses  varying  from  ^  to  2  drachms. 
Camphor  gum,  1  oz.,  and  sweet  oil  8  ozs.,  mixed,  make  a  very  good 
external  remedy  for  various  purposes. 

Cantharides.  (Spanish  Flies.)  This  remedy  is  produced  by  collect- 
ing the  beetles  commonly  called  Spanish  Flies. 

These  insects  are  of  a  beautiful,  shining,  golden  green  color,  and  usu- 
ally make  their  appearance  upon  the  trees  of  Spain,  Italy,  and  the 
south  of  France  in  the  months  of  May  and  June,  when  they  are  collect- 
ed by  placing  linen  cloths  under  the  trees  on  which  they  have  lodged 
through  the  night  and  shaking  the  tree,  early  in  the  morning,  while 
they  are  torpid  from  the  cold  of  the  night  and  consequently  let  go  their 
hold  easily. 

They  are  then  deprived  of  life  by  the  vapor  from  boiling  vinegar,  and 
then  dried  in  the  sun  or  in  rooms  heated  by  stoves. 


MEDICINES    USED   FOR   THE   HORSE.  83 

Uses.  Internally,  cantharides  are  a  powerful  stimulant  with  a  pecul- 
iar direction  to  the  urinary  organs,  and  in  moderate  doses  it  sometimes 
acts  as  a  diuretic.     Used  with  good  results  for  glanders  and  farcy. 

The  principal  use  of  the  cantharides  is  as  a  blister,  by  mixing  it  with 
lard. 

Dose.  Spanish  Flies  may  be  given  in  doses  varying  from  3  to  7  grains, 
but  given  only  once  a  day. 

Castor  Oil.  This  is  the  expressed  oil  of  the  seeds  of  the  castor  oil 
plant,  which  is  now  cultivated  largely  in  this  country  throughout  many 
of  the  Southern  and  Western  States. 

Use.  This  oil  is  very  useful  and  safe  for  common  use  m  the  human 
family ;  but  it  is  considered  unfit  for  the  horse,  as  it  sometimes  causes 
inflammation  of  the  coats  of  the  bowels  without  relief  from  the  purging, 

(Raw  Linseed  Oil  is  considered  as  safe  and  efficient  for  the  horse  as 
castor  oil  is  for  man.     (See  Linseed  oil.) 

Dose.  When  it  is  thought  best  to  give  castor  oil,  or  in  the  absence  of 
the  raw  linseed  oil,  it  may  be  given  in  doses  varying  from  |  to  1  i  pints. 

Catechu.  An  extract  prepared  from  the  wood  of  Acacia  Catechu, 
and  found  most  abundant  in  the  East  Indies.  It  is  a  small  tree  seldom 
growing  more  than  twelve  leet  in  hight,  with  the  trunk  about  one  foot 
in  diameter. 

Use.  An  astringent  which  will  bind  the  bowels  in  diarrhoea,  and  is 
combined,  with  good  results,  with  opium  and  prepared  chalk,  for  diar- 
rhoea. 

Dose.    One  to  three  drachms. 

Prepared  Chalk.  (Creta  Praaparata.)  This  is  the  only  form  in 
which  chalk  is  used  in  medicine,  and  is  an  excellent  antacid ;  is  one  of 
the  best  antidotes  for  oxalic  acid.  It  is  used  with  good  results  for  acid- 
ity of  the  stomach  and  for  diarrhoea  &c. 

Dose.    One  to  two  ounces. 

Chamomile  Flowers.  This  is  a  native  of  Europe  and  gi*ows  wild  in 
all  the  temperate  parts  of  that  continent  and  is  also  largely  cultivated. 

Use.  A  very  mild  tonic  and  quite  useful  when  combined  with  other 
medicines  of  this  class. 

Dose.    It  may  be  given  in  doses  varying  from  ^  ounce  to  two  ounces. 

Charcoal.  This  may  be  given  with  good  results,  powdered,  for 
chronic  diarrhoea,  dysentery  and  debilitated  stomach. 

Dose.  Half  an  ounce  to  one  ounce,  and  it  may  be  given  suspended  in 
gruel.  It  may  be  used  with  good  results  externally  when  applied  to 
badly  smelling  wounds. 

^  Chloride  of  Lime.  This  compound  was  originally  prepared  for  a 
bleaching  agent  nearly  a  century  ago,  and  has  since  been  found  to  have 
valuable  properties  as  a  disinfectant.    It  is  a  dry,  or  but  slightly  moist 


84  MEDICINES    USED   FOR  THE   HORSE. 

grayish-white,  pulverulent  substance,  with  an  odor  similar  to  that  of 
chlorine. 

Uses.  Chloride  of  lime  is  a  disinfectant,  and  from  its  deodorizing 
and  antiseptic  properties  makes  an  excellent  stimulant  to  unhealthy 
ulcers,  applied  in  solution ;  also  for  cutaneous  eruptions,  &c.  Its  prin- 
cipal use  is  as  a  disinfectant  in  stables  occupied  by  glandered  and  other 
sickly  liorses,  and  it  may  be  sprinkled  on  the  floor  every  morning,  or  may 
be  suspended  in  the  stable  in  a  box  which  has  several  holes  cut  into  it. 

Dose.  When  it  is  thought  best  to  give  it  internally  1  to  3  drachms 
may  be  given  at  a  dose,  in  water. 

Chloroform  is  a  colorless,  volatile  liquid,  having  a  bland,  ethereal 
odor  and  a  sweetish  taste. 

Uses.  It  is  an  excellent  stimulant  for  horses  when  having  a  chill 
from  cold,  or  in  congestion,  and  is  sometimes  given  to  quiet  pain  in  colic 
and  other  painful  diseases.  It  is  used  mostly  in  liniments  and  some- 
times for  inhalation.  One  ounce  of  chloroform  and  three  ounces  of 
olive  oil,  well  mixed,  make  an  excellent  liniment  for  external  use. 
When  chloroform  is  given  to  the  horse  by  inhalation  he  should  be  well 
secured,  so  as  to  prevent  his  doing  any  damage,  as  it  sometimes  makes 
him  perfectly  wild  and  uncontrollable.  When  any  operation  of 
any  considerable  extent  is  to  be  performed  it  is  best  to  tie  the  horse 
down,  and  then  administer  the  chloroform  by  pouring  about  an  ounce 
of  it  on  to  a  sponge,  and  holding  the  sponge  to  one  nostril  and 
covering  the  nose  loosely  with  a  large  towel ;  but  care  should  be  taken 
to  allow  the  horse  pure  air  also,  to  breathe  with  the  fumes  of  the  chlo- 
roform. Usually  two  to  four  ounces  is  suflicient  to  produce  its  effects 
when  inhaled. 

Dose.    One  to  two  drachms,  well  diluted  with  weak  spirits. 

Croton  Oil.  This  is  a  very  powerful  cathartic  and  dangerous  if  im- 
properly used,  but  as  a  "  last  resort"  oftentimes  works  very  well. 

Dose  is  usually  from  10  to  15  drops. 

Elecampane.  This  is  one  of  the  best  medicines  in  use  for  lung  affec- 
tions, and  should  enter  largely  into  all  mixtures  for  this  class  of  dis- 
eases. It  is  also  an  agreeable  aromatic,  and  should  form  a  part  of  all 
Condition  Powders. 

Epsom  Salts.  (Sulphate  of  Magnesia.)  This  medicine,  so  well 
known  in  every  household,  is  used  with  good  results  as  a  febrifuge,  and 
is  often  given  as  a  purgative.  It  is  not  only  cheap,  but  it  is  very  good 
for  several  diseases,  and  forms  a  part  of  various  condition  powders. 

Dose.  I  to  i  pound  dissolved  in  as  large  quantity  of  cold  water  as 
can  be  given  the  horse  conveniently,  with  one  ounce  of  ginger;  also 
allowing  the  horse  to  drink  if  he  will  after  the  salts  have  been  given, 
for  the  reason  that  they  will  be  much  more  efficient  if  largely  diluted.   ^ 


MEDICINES    USED   FOR   THE   HORSE.  85 

Ergot.  This  is  produced  from  diseased  rye  and  is  of  great  value  in 
the  foaling  season,  as  it  is  the  most  effectual  remedy  known  for  increas- 
ing the  action  of  the  uterus,  when  there  is  not  sufficient  contraction 
Great  care  should  be  taken  when  it  is  given  that  nothing  prevents  de- 
livery, except  deficient  action  of  the  uterus.  It  should  not  be  used  by  the 
non-professional  as  they  would  be  more  likely  to  do  harm  than  good 
with  it ;  in  fact,  the  cases  demanding  its  use  are  very  rare,  but,  as  we  said 
before,  where  its  use  is  really  called  for  nothing  else  will  act  as  well. 

Dose.  Of  the  powder,  J  to  4  ounce.  Of  the  tincture,  one  to  two  fluid 
ounces  may  be  given. 

Ethek.  (Sulphuric  Ether.)  This  is  a  very  valuable  remedy  and  is  used 
with  excellent  results  for  colic,  and  for  various  purposes  is  a  good  anti- 
spasmodic.    Given  with  tincture  of«opium  it  works  admirably  for  colic. 

Dose.    One  to  two  fluid  ounces. 

EuPHORBiUM.  This  is  the  concrete,  resinous  juice  of  a  plant  growing 
in  Africa  and  in  some  other  parts  of  the  world. 

Use.  Owing  to  the  severity  of  its  action  its  internal  use  has  been 
entirely  abandoned  and  it  is  now  used  only  externally,  and  it  is  so  se- 
vere that  it  is  but  very  little  used  even  in  that  way. 

Male  Fern.  The  root  of  a  plant  growing  in  South  Africa.  It  is  said 
to  be  very  valuable  for  ridding  animals  of  worms. 

Dose.  It  may  be  given  to  the  horse  in  doses  of  ^  to  one  pound  of  the 
powdered  root,  and  may  be  followed  with  a  purgative  the  next  day. 

Fenugreek.  An  annual  plant  growing  spontaneously  in  Southern 
Europe.  It  has  a  peculiar  odor  which  is  quite  agreeable.  The  seeds, 
ground,  is  the  portion  used,  and  they  enter  largely  into  nearly  all  the 
condition  powders  which  are  put  up  and  sold  through  the  country. 

Dose,  i  to  1  ounce. 

Nut  Gall.  A  morbid  excresence  upon  the  oak  tree  resulting  from 
holes  being  made  in  the  bark  by  an  insect. 

Uses.  It  is  a  powerful  astringent,  and  is  used  to  bind  the  bowels  when 
affected  with  diarrhoea  or  dysentery ;  used  also  for  applying  to  the  greasy 
heels  of  horses. 

Dose.    One  to  three  drachms. 

Gentian.  A  valuable  tonic.  It  excites  the  appetite,  invigorates  di- 
gestion, moderately  increases  the  temperature  of  the  body  and  the 
force  of  the  circulation,  and  may  be  combined  with  iron  for  debility, 
and  is  used  in  connection  with  other  drugs  for  various  purposes  and 
forms  an  important  part  of  various  condition  powders. 

Dose,  i  to  2  drachms,  repeated  2  or  3  times  a  day. 

Ginger.  Several  varieties,  of  which  the  Jamaica  or  white  ginger  is 
the  best,  but  all  are  used  with  good  results  for  colic,  loss  of  appetite. 
&c.,  and  should  enter  into  every  dose  of  purgative  medicine. 


86  MEDICINES    USED    FOR    THE    HORSE. 

Dose,  from  1  to  4  drachms. 

Glycerine  This  is  the  sweet  principle  of  fats  or  oils,  and  was  dis- 
covered  nearly  a  century  ago.  when  it  was  called  the  sweet  principle  of 
oils  It  is  a  fluid  which  scarcely  ever  dries  up,  and  is  a  thick,  svrupv 
substance  resembling  castor  oil  in  its  looks,  but  without  smell,  and  verv 
sweet  to  the  taste.  -^ 

Uses.    It  is  an  excellent  application  to  many  sores  and  is  used  with 

^2lf.  r^  """"'^1  ^''"  f  .''"''^'''  °'  '°'""  ^^'^' '  ^^^°  ^^^'  «kin  diseases 
when  a  softening  and  soothing  application  is  required.  When  a  little 
IS  added  to  poultices,  it  has  the  efiect  to  keep  them  soft  and  moist  for  a 
long  time.    It  is  soluble  in  water. 

^''^'';  ™'  ^'  ^^^  ^^  ^^'^  ^^«^t  valuable  medicines  in  use  for  many 
cases  of  debility,  as  it  supplies  the  red  corpuscles  of  the  blood,  which 
are  generally  deficient  in  a  debilitated  animal.  Various  preparations 
of  iron  are  in  use.  of  which  the  following  are  the  most  commonly  used 

Oo;,;.em..-(SuJphate   of   Iron.)      This  is  one  of  the  cheapest,  and.' 
for  many  purposes,  the  best.     It  is   tonic  and  astringent,  and  is  used 
with  good  results  for  weakness,  bad  condition,  swelling  of  the  legs 
body,  sheath,  &c.  =.  s  , 

Dose,  h  to  1^  drachms,  and  it  should  be  combined  with  the  same  quantity 
of  gentian  or  ginger,  and  given  in  the  feed,  or  as  a  drench  with  cold 
water. 

Muriated  tincture  of  iron.    This  is  an  excellent  prepai-ation  of  iron 
and  may  be  given  in  doses  varying  from  i  to  one  ounce.      Although 
several  other  preparations  of  iron  are  in  use.  the  two  given  above  are 
all  that  are  ordinarily  required. 

Juniper  Berries.  The  best  Juniper  berries  come  from  the  south  of 
Europe  and  are  about  the  size  of  a  pea.  and  more  or  less  shrivelled 
They  are  produced  from  a  small  evergreen  shrub  which  sometimes 
grows  twelve  or  fifteen  feet  high.  It  is  used  for  loss  of  appetite,  to 
stimulate  the  stomach  and  kidneys  to  action,  and  during  convalescence 
from  disease. 

Dose.    One  to  two  ounces. 

Kino.  This  is  the  inspissated  juice  of  several  plants  which  grow  in 
Africa,  East  and  West  Indies,  South  America,  etc. 

It  is  a  powerful  astringent  and  is  used  in  diarrhoea  as  a  substitute  for 
catechu,  which  is  not  quite  as  powerful. 

Dose.    One  to  five  drachms. 

Raw  Linseed  Oil  This  is  perhaps  the  safest  and  best  purgative  in 
common  use,  and  should  be  given  by  non-professional  persons  in  pref- 
erence  to  any  other  medicine.     Never  give  boiled  oil. 

Dose,  1  to  2  pints,  as  a  purgative. 


MEDICINES    USED   FOR   THE   HORSE. 


87 


THE  BEST  AND  MOST  APPROVED  METHOD  OF  CASTING  A  HORSE  FOR 

OPERATION. 

Liquorice  Root.  This  is  the  root  of  a  small  plant,  growing  four  or 
five  feet  in  height,  and  which  is  cultivated  in  England,  the  north  of 
France,  and  Germany.     It  has  an  agreeable,  sweetish,  taste. 

Uses.  It  is  an  excellent  demulcent  and  well  adapted  to  cases  of  irri- 
tation of  the  mucous  membranes  of  the  lungs,  bowels,  and  urinary  or- 
gans. It  forms  an  important  part  of  condition  powders,  and  especially 
when  given  for  coughs. 

Dose.    From  i  to  1  ounce. 

Mercurial  Ointment.  This  is  used  mostly  for  skin  diseases,  such  as 
mange.  But  we  prefer,  for  this  disease,  the  treatment  which  we  have 
already  given  in  another  place.  Mercurial  ointment  is  sometimes  used 
with  good  results  to  rid  animals  of  lice,  by  boring  a  small  hole  where 
the  animal  is  liable  to  rub  its  neck,  and  filling  it  with  mercurial  ointment. 

Nitre. — (Saltpetre.)  This  medicine  has  long  been  used  as  a  febrifuge 
and  as  a  diuretic,  and  is  still  held  in  high  esteem  by  many,  but  there  are 
other  drugs  which  are  better  adapted  to  the  treatment  of  the  various 
diseases  for  which  it  has  long  been  used. 

'  Use.  As  a  febrifuge  in  fevers  and  inflammations,  and  for  kidney  com- 
plaints ;  it  is  also  used,  by  many,  in  condition  powders,  for  scratches  and 
various  disorders  of  the  blood. 

Dose,     li  to  3  drachms. 

Nux  Vomica.  This  is  an  active  poison  in  large  doses,  but  if  given 
in  proper  quantities  it  is  an  excellent  tonic  and  nervine  for  the  horse 
when  suffering  from  depression,  dyspepsia,  etc. 


8S  MEDICINES   USED   FOR   THE  HORSE. 

Use.    In  paralysis  and  also  in  "Hass  pvp  "  A^r.^    i- 
of  nervous  energy  in  the  optic  nervf  of  thelrsf '^^        "^^'^  ^  "^'^^ 

/^05e.     ihe  tincture  is  generally  used,  of  which  I  to  9  H.a«. 
given  two  or  three  times  a  day  ""  ^  drachms  may  be 

the  horse.    This  mStJelkP,      ^       T  '^^  ^"""^  "^  "">  ho°f  °f 

entheeolo.,  l.mp  b  acr„";t  rxri":l'"°' r"'"^"''    ''<"'^^'^- 
color  of  the  foot  sufficient  quantity  to  suit  the 

Ir^^ZtolllZZ's'""'^'"'  "'""'"•"^'"  doses  of  from  one  half 

« 'eo  ''t^i:-:::ZoJ^z^^^^^  -  ^p'-^'  -  --. 

scription  here.  ^  ^^^^  '*^  ^^"  not  need  any  de- 

such  aseoiie.  ror'::^!::!^^^^^'':^^  ^'"•r'"-^*'- 

worms.    As  an  external  remedy  combh^edw.th  an  .       ^^    "'?"  "^ 
use,  but  sU:Z::\e^:^^,Z^'^^^^^^^e  drugs  in 

xiiT/r^rdrJ^hmf  -^  -=otht  dLrs.-"-  -^  '^ 

^^^''r:Z^Z.Jef:^^^^^  ^«"o-'^h  white 

"se  ::•  e«"':™ty'to  '°''"  -f  r'-P»-odic.  ^s  principal 
powder  on  the  affeTtS  par  tor  in'Se  f  "•'T"-  "^  ^P""'^"''^  "he 
ing  one  drachm  oxide  of  zinc  ^nH  ""^  ""  ointment,  by  mix- 

with  good  results  for  scratcI^L  1  .""f"  °f  '"•■'^-  ^'  '^  "««1 
have  a  discharge  of  a  thTnflu  d       An    h  "'.  ""^^  '"^''  '^''"  ^^ich 

by  adding  oxide  of  ztnc  o  »  ™  •' .  .  f  ^°°''  °'°"°"°'  °"*y  ^e  made 
with  a  litfle  wateVand  a  1  thoT  M  "^  ?''"T'"'  "'''"'«  ^°*P'  ""°i^'«'>ed 
tare  is  an  excel  entpeparlt^lf^  T^"^  "'f  ^er.     The  last  mix- 

which  are  kept  at  work  as     can  h  ■   ''  '""^  ^""'^  ^'^^""^  "orses 

Pt     work,  as  It  can  be  easily  scraped  off  at  nigUt,  so  that 


MEDICINES    USED  FOR    THE   HORSE.  89 

the  surface  may  bo  cleansed  before  another  application  is  made  for  the 
night.     It  allays  irritation  and  is  quite  soothing  to  the  parts. 

Bose.    Internally  it  is  given  in  doses  of  from  ^  to  1  drachm. 

Red  Iodide  of  MERCUirr.  (Called  also  Biniodide  of  Mercury.) 
This  is  a  powerful  irritant  poison,  when  taken  internally,  and  is  now 
used  only  as  an  external  remedy.  It  is  a  scarlet-red  powder,  which,  like 
other  preparations  of  mercury,  is  very  heavy  for  its  bulk;  not  soluble  in 
water  and  only  slightly  so  in  alcohol.  It  is  held  in  great  repute  by 
veterinary  surgeons  for  swellings  of  the  glands  of  the  neck,  tumors 
and  unnatural  growths  of  all  kmds. 

It  is  used  principally  with  Cantharides  mixed  with  lard,  which  forms 
an  excellent  blister  for  various  purposes.  It  is  not  generally  used  where 
it  is  desired  to  blister  a  large  surface,  as   it  produces  considerable  pain. 

Rosin,  ok  Resin.  This  is  the  residue  left  from  the  distillation  of 
turpentine,  and  is  used  by  horsemen  quite  freely,  and  oftentimes  is  the 
cause  of  much  mischief,  as  it  is  used,  to  a  considerable  extent,  to  cause 
the  horse  to  urinate  more  freely,  and  the  overdoses,  so  frequently 
given,  are  often  the  cause  of  various  diseases  of  the  kidney  and  loins. 
The  oftener  rosin  is  given  the  horse,  the  more  he  stands  in  need  of  it,  in 
the  eyes  of  the  driver.  The  kidneys  become  over -worked,  he  desires  to 
urinate  more  frequently  and  less  urine  is  voided  at  each  time.  The  mis- 
chief is  not  seen,  and  the  owner  hastens  to  give  more  rosin,  thinking  to 
remedy  the  defect  that  he  has  been  instrumental  in  producing.  It  should 
be  remembered  that  powerful  diuretics,  like  powerful  purgatives,  tend 
only  to  w^eaken  and  to  debilitate.  If  there  be  a  urinary  defect  find  out 
the  cause,  and,  if  possible,  have  it  removed,  and  the  effect  will  cease ; 
but  do  not  attempt  to  do  so  by  force  against  all  science  and  common 
sense. 

Sweet  Spirits  of  Nitre.  This  is  generally  considered  a  good  house- 
hold remedy  for  fevers,  &c.  It  is  used  for  the  horse  to  increase  tlie  ac- 
tion of  the  kidneys :  but  should  not  be  given  too  freely  in  all  cases  of 
supposed  inaction  of  the  kidneys. 

The  dose,  is  from  1  to  2  ounces,  given  with  a  little  cold  water. 

Sulphur.  Is  a  valuable  medicine,  given  internally,  for  rheumatism, 
in  doses  of  i  to  2  ounces,  and  also  for  various  disorders.  It  is  also  used 
with  grand  success  for  skin  diseases. 

Tar.  The  tar  used  in  this  country  is  prepared  mostly  from  a  species 
of  pine  growing  in  the  Southern  States.  Tar  consists  of  resinous  mat- 
ter united  with  the  acetic  acid,  oil  of  turpentine  and  various  volatile 
empyreumatic  products,  and  colored  with  charcoal. 

Uses.  The  medical  properties  of  tar  are  similar  to  those  of  the  tur- 
pentines.  It  is  used  occasionally  with  good  results  for  complaints  of 
the  urinary  passages,  and  also  for  coughs.     Externally  it  is  used  for  foul 


90  MEDICINES    USED   FOR   THE   HORSE. 

and  indolent  sores ;  it  is  also  an  excellent  application  to  the  bottom  of  the 
foot,  to  soften  the  hoof  when  it  is  too  hard  and  the  foot  sore.  Some 
prefer  a  mixture  of  glycerine  and  tar,  mixed  as  follows:  take  of  tar  and 
glycerine,  each,  six  troy  ounces,  and  of  starch,  in  powder,  two  drachms ; 
mix  the  starch  thoroughly  with  the  glycerine,  previously  warmed,  tlien 
add  the  tar,  and  heat  quickly  to  212. ""  Strain,  if  necessary,  and  stir  the 
mixture  while  cooling.  Tar  should  be  kept  in  every  horse-shoeing 
shop  for  putting  on  the  foot,  usually  with  cotton  batting  or  oakum,  and 
having  leather  nailed  on  with  the  shoe. 

Dose.     1  to  2  ounces,  repeated  two  or  three  times  a  day. 

White  Yitkiol.  (Sulphate  of  Zinc.)  This  preparation  of  zinc  is  a 
valuable  medicine,  also,  for  healing  sores  and  wounds.  It  is  used  with 
good  results  for  healing  fresh  cuts  and  wounds,  or  ulcers,  whether  they 
be  healthy  or  unhealthy,  by  applying  a  solution  of  the  following  strength, 
viz.,  white  vitriol,  1  ounce,  soft  water,  one  quart.  It  is  also  used,  with 
very  good  results,  in  eyewaters,  and  perhaps  is  one  of  the  very  best  of 
medicines  we  have  for  the  eye.  As  we  have  given  two  or  three  receipts 
for  eyewaters,  with  the  miscellaneous  receipts,  we  refer  all  who  are  in- 
terested to  those. 

Dose.  When  given  as  a  tonic  10  to  15  grains  may  be  given,  dissolved 
in  water.  It  is  used  with  good  results  for  irritated  stomach,  loss  of 
appetite,  &c. 


CONTENTS. 


91 


CONTENTS 


Abdominal  Dropsy 3 

Abscess  of  the  Brain 3 

Abscess  of  the  Lungs 21 

Age  of  the  Horse 43 

Atrophy 37 

Baldness 32 

Blood  Spavin  36 

Bots 3 

Bog  Spavin 35 

Bone  Spavin 33-63 

Breeding 44 

Bronchitis 6 

Burns  and  Scalds 6 

Callous 6 

Capped  Elbow 7 

Capped  Hock 7 

Capped   Knee, 7 

Cautery,   7 

Chronic  Bronchitis, 6 

Chronic  Founder, 16 

Chronic  Rheumatism,. 28 

Colic 8 

Corns, 10 

Curb, 10 

Debility, 11 

Deformities  in  young  colts, 12 

Diarrhoea, 12 

Distemper, 13 

Doses  for  the  Horse, 41-42 

Dysentery,  Acute, 12 

Epizootic, 13 

Experience  with  bone  Spavin,..  61 

Farcy, 13 

Firing 7-14 

Firing  Horses, 14 

Flatulent  Colic, 9 

Foot  diseases,. 14 

Founder, 15 

Fracture, 10 

Frost  Bites, 18 

Glanders, 18 

Gravel,  24 

Grease  Heels,. 19 

Heaves, 19 

Hide-bound, 20 

Hints  on  food, 20 

Hip-joint  Lameness, 21 

Inflammation  of  Bladder,. 24 

Inflammation  of  Bowels, 5 

Inflammation  of  Kidneys, 24 

Inflammation  of  Stomach, 22 

Influenza, 23 

Interfering, 23 


Kendall's  Spavin  Cure, 59 

Ki-ndall's  Spavin  Cure,  ag'ts  for  74 
Kendall's  Spavin  Cure,  Refer- 
ences   76 

Kidneys,  disease  of. 23 

Laminitis, 15 

Lameness,   25 

Lampers, 25 

Lum  brici, 40 

Lungs,  diseases  of, 25 

Lung  Fever, 25 

Mange, 32 

Medicines  used  for  the  horse,  • .  78 

Nasal  Gleet, 27 

Navicular  disease, 27 

Occult  Spavin 35 

Pin- worms, 40 

Pleurisy, 27 

Pneumonia 25 

Poll-evil, 27 

Proud  Flesh, 27 

Quittor, 27 

Receipts,  Miscellaneous, 50 

Rheumatism. 28 

Ring-bone, 29 

Saddle  Galls, 30 

Scratches  30 

Shoe  Boil 5 

Shoeing,. 46 

Shoulder  Lameness, 30 

Shoulder-joint  Lameness, 31 

Side  Bones, 31 

Skin  Diseases, 31 

Sores, 33 

Spavin, 33-59-61 

Splint, 36 

Sprain, 36 

Staggers  36 

Stiflfie-joint  Lameness, 37 

Sti-angles, 13 

Sweeney, 37 

Table  of  doses, 38 

Tenia, 39 

Tape  worm 39 

Testimonials,   65 

Thoroughpin, 38 

To  Horse  Owners, 61 

Tumors, 38 

Water  Farcy 38 

Wind  Galls, 39 

Windy  Colic, 9 

Worms, 37 

Yellow  Waters, 40 


IMPORTANT  TO  HORSEMEN. 


A  statement  made  in  1875,  and  also  one  below  from  the  same  man  in 
1879.     Read  them  both. 

Berkshire,  Vt.,  August  30,  1875. 
B.  J.  KENDALL,    Dear  Sir: 

I  have  found  KendalPs  Spavin  Cure  to  be  of  such  incalculable 
value  in  curing  Spavins  on  horses  that  I  am  free  to  assist  in  the  spread- 
ing of  its  reputation  by  recommending  it  in  this  public  manner.  I  bad 
a  valuable  horse  which  in  some  way  had  a  bone  spavin  ccmie  on  him 
and  the  bunch  grew  until  it  was  the  size  of  one-half  of  a  hen's  egg.  I 
never  had  heard  of  your  Spavin  Cure  at  this  time,  but  I  procured  va- 
rious other  medicines  which  were  said  to  be  sure  cures,  all  of  which  I 
gave  a  thorough  trial,  but  none  seemed  to  reach  the  case  at  all.  I  finally 
got  a  bottle  of  your  Spavin  Cure  and  used  it  as  directed  (only  applying 
over  a  space  the  size  of  the  bunch  each  time)  but  as  it  did  not  blister 
the  horse  I  thought  it  would  not  cure  him,  although  I  continued  to  j)Ut 
it  on  and  after  a  while  turned  the  horse  out  to  pasture  and  then  only 
applied  it  about  every  other  day.  In  a  short  time  a  large  crust  or  scab 
peeled  off  which  had  seemed  to  work  out  from  the  bunch,  and  then  I 
could  see  that  the  bunch  was  almost  entirely  removed.  I  used  the  re- 
mainder of  the  bottle  and  my  horse  was  entirely  cured.  It  has  removed 
the  bunch  entirely  and  now  no  person  can  tell  any  difference  in  his  iiind 
legs. 

I  consider  it  the  most  wonderful  medicine  for  Spavins  that  I  ever 
have  known  of  being  used,  for  the  reason  that  it  cures,  and  without  blis- 
tering or  causing  any  pain  when  it  is  applied ;  it  removes  the  bunch 
entirely  which  I  never  have  known  being  done  by  any  other  remedy,  and 
does  not  disturb  the  natural  growth  of  hair  or  leave  any  callous,  hut  in 
a  short  time  after  it  has  been  left  off  no  person  could  tell  tliat  any  medi- 
icine  had  been  applied. 

Hoping  that  this  will  be  the  means  of  benefiting  others  as  it  has  me 
I  remain,  Yours  truly,  R.  A.  Gaines. 


Horsemen  should  read  the  following  statement  made  under  oath. 

To  WHOM  IT  MAY  CONCERN : — In  the  year  1875  I  treated  with  Ken- 
dall's Spavin  Cure  a  bone  spavin  of  several  months  growth,  nearly  half 
as  large  as  a  hen's  egg,  and  completely  stopped  the  lameness  and  re- 
moved the  enlargement,  so  far  as  I  can  see.  I  have  worked  the  horse 
ever  since  very  hard  and  he  never  has  been  lame,  nor  could  I  ever  see 
any  difference  in  the  size  of  the  hock  joints  since  I  treated  him  with 
Kendall's  Spavin  Cure.  R.  A.  Gaines. 

Enosburgh  Falls,  Vt.,  Feb.  25,  1879. 

Sworn  and  subscribed  to  before  me,  this  25th  day  of  February,  A.  D. 
1879.  John  G.  Jenne. 

Justice  of  the  Peace. 

KendalVs  Spavin  Cure  can  now  be  had  at  nearly  every  Drug  Store, 
but  if  at  any  time  you  cannot  get  it  of  your  druggist  or  other  merchants, 
send  direct  to  us  as  directed  on  the  74th  page  of  this  book.  Also  consult 
pages  from  61  to  78th  which  will  be  for  your  advantage  if  you  are  inter- 
ested in  the  horse. 


THE  AMERICAN  SHEARER  MT'G.  CO., 

Manufacturers  op  Power  and  Hand 

Horse  Clipping  Machines. 

(Centennial    Award.) 

WE  MAKE  FOUR  POWER  MACHINES. 

Prices. 
No.  1  has  a  rotary  or  vibrating 

cutter,        -        -        _        $75.00 
No.  2  has  a  rotary  or  vibrating 

cutter,        -        -         -  50.00 

No.  3  has  a  rotary  or  vibrating 

cutter,        -        -         -  35.00 

No.  4  driven  by  air,  vibrating 

cutter,        -        -         -  50.00 

Extra  handles,  rotary,  complete,      20.00 

"  "       vibrating,     "  18.00 


Price  of  Cutter,    -    $  1.00. 
Price  of  Comb,    -    -    2.00. 


Our  hand  machines  are  the  best  in  the  market,  having  the  following  advantages : 
All  its  parts  are  made  to  a  gauge  and  if  any  part  is  broken  or  worn  out  it  can  be  re- 
placed at  list  price. 
Each  machine  is  put  up  in  a  strong,  wooden  box. 
The  combs  and  cutters  are  readily  detached  from  the  machine. 
If  prepaid  we  send  by  mail  without  charge  for  postage. 
If  the  combs  and  cutters  are  sent  to  us  by  mail,  we  sharpen  and  return  for  50  cents. 

We  make  eight  grades  of  hand  machines. 

No.     5,  Plain  with  two  hand  3  inch  cutter,  _        .        .        $  3.75 

No.  10,  "               one  hand  2i  inch  cutter,  >        _        .       2.50 

No.  20.  "               two  hand  3      "      cutter,  -        -        -           2.75 

No.  30,  Small  two  hand,  1|  inch  cutter,           .  -        >        .      3.50 

No.  40,  One  hand,  1^-  inch  cutter,         -        _  _        .        .          4.00 

No.  40,  Improved  N.  B.  1:1  inch  cutter,        -  -        -        -      5.00 

No.  50,  The  best  two  handed  clipper  made,  _        _        _           5.00 

No.  60,  The  only  good  leg  clipper  made,         -  -        .        _      4.00 

Nashua,  N.  H.,  U.  S.  A.,  P.  O.  Box,  1533. 

B.  tT.  Kendall  &  Co.,  are  authorized  by  the  company  to  take  orders. 


WE  WANT  AGENTS  to  sell  this  book  in  every 
town  in  the  United  States  and  Canada 


assumed  by  sick  horses,  and  gives  tvcntnS  of  df^J^^^^^ 

sive  ang;iiage  as  to  be  readily  undSstoS  bv  anv  onf  nf'  n"r'  ^^^""^  ^'''^  cSmprehe^ 
\\ould  not  excliaiige  it  for  any  book  on  the  horsea/d  h?^f  ordinary  intelligence.  We 
and  we  have  read  some  books  of  the  kind  that  cost  ten  rfn1f''''''T^'''^'  '^^  ^'""^'^  ^^er  seen, 
ber  Of  receipts,  any  one  of  which  is  Avor?hTxS?the%S!f  of '  th"  work '"' '"  '""^"  ^"^"^- 

not  hke  as  weil  as  I  do  yours.    ll^f cifSj  Cl  a'^hl^^  iTverta^^/^^'  "^'^^^  '  ^' 
^  ^f^^l^^^'n-S^^^^^^^^  Of  recent  date,  says  of  it: 

book,  l^wever  voluminous,  coSaining  so  Suclip^^^^  fi^'-^t,  that  any 

hng  value,  could  be  A\Titten  •  second  thn<- i?^^,ii^i^^l^^"^'"on  sense  matter,  of  ster 

Thebookis  ALLGOLiI^NODkS?s     B^^^^^^  ««  «»»aU  c'ompals. 

can  doctor  his  own  horse."  ^        ^"  ^^  ^*  ^^^  P^^'^on  of  ordinary  inteUigeiKMi 


FOR  TERMS  TO  AGENTS, 


Address, 


Dr.  B.  J.  Kendall  &  Co.,  Enosburgh  Falls,  Vt. 

It  -Will  Remove  tlae  Enlargement 

KENDALUS 

FMwmi  ems. 

Used  with  excellent  results  on  beast  or  man. 
It  does  not  blister  nor  make  any  sore. 

Sold    by    Drugrgrist's    Everywhere. 


PROF.  FLIlSrT^ 


Harine  thoroughly  tested  the  virtues  of  the  aboTC  ^^^J^^.^^^' 
ders  aSI  found  them  to  be  the  most  remarkable  and  va  uable 
nowders  we  have  ever  known  to  be  used  for  l^orses  or  cattle^  w. 
S^viTrnnvDleted  arraneement«  whereby  we  are  enabled  to  furnisk 
thLe  DOW^derTto  our  patroag  throughout  the  United  States,  hav- 
^9^B9^  InHeS  the  SOLK  AGENCY  for  the  United  States  and  Canaua^ 

diaease  or  bad  eonditioa  ^^"''^^  „^y,„^™P"!oJ'^2!joK  aTlLTr  owi^re  e^^^^  .-4 

that  IhousandB  of  horses  are  Bick  or  m  ^^^/^ JJ^^f^^^'j^'  S  \rx  a  bam  whert-  the  armo.-       1 
their  blood  Is  impure  which  is  ^^^^^^^  ^Li^ f^nT  We  have  n^^^  i°  ^^y^i^^  '*^*^ 

phere  is  foul,  or  by  being  ^^^  on  improper  food.    We  ha^e^o^^^^^^^^^^  our  opfuion), 

Prot    Flint's  RenoTating  Povr<Jers  are  tt»e  t^?y  oesii  '    .  ^  ^    knowii  by  tu* 

S  any  ill  condition  or  ^^'\^^,''^\',^?,'^:t\U^^^ 

horse  looking  poor,  being  dt>^^U  ^^'  ^f^^j^  f^^J^/J^^.^of  il  3  as  described  above- 

swelling,  etc.    We  never  knew  it  to  J^i),  (in  a^J  ca  ?^  «^'       direction-*^,  but  what  the  horse 
after  one  or  two  pounds  had  been  given  to  a  bo^se  accorm  ig  to  a.reci         ^^  .  ^^^^^ 

Sould  fat  up  in  a  very  short  tinic.  and  ac   en  irely  different,  r«alb  maK.ag  ^^  ^  ^ 

wh^e^^r^o?Yh"oJ?laral\rof  ?Sta?dti'g ; ^If  V^  -'^il  o^e  to  three  pound,  had  bee. 
r^d  ?or  Sses  oMong  standing.,    Afso  a  perfect  cure  for  ernzoot.c^  ^^^^^^^^^^ 

.ei.hi^abouton.pound.or.vepack^ge.f.S3.^Ad^^^^^^^  ^   ^^ 

Enoebnrgh  Falls,  '••  enpciit 

^^      We  wish  U>h«e   it    understood  tba*    "  ^^,^1"^''^!! 
tamn  BUSTER"  is  entirely  diflerent  from  "  Keodali  »  h-parsa 
D^^W        Core,"  M  the  latter  does  not  blister. 
"KandaU'B  BUster"  is  nn  eicellent  remedy  for  »paTtas(esf>^ 

In  ill  bad  eases  of  long  fMf^'?^f/,%'^^Vs^?ER"  in  connection  with 
J?.'^.*^'^.H's'sPAVraCTEE^^^d?rected^^^^  laSels,)  than  by  any 

X'r^r^^'d^^Ki^S^^e'^lN- ^ 

^^^%Z,  ^':'C^^^i  ^.rfptdr^'LTe's  where  «>y  blister 
would  be  applicable.  T>owerfhl  as  to  destroy  th«  skin  and 

'  ^^^^^.^^^^'^^^^^^V^^^^ ""-  ^'  -^  ^^'  ■'"■^ 

•ration,  of  its  kind,  which  is  now  if  °se-   ,       ^        .      i^jj  ^1,^  Spavin 
Although  this  bUster  w«  f"*  ^es.^*^,  to  te  °J^^  ^^  ^"^^^      P^«,, 

2?d"wr:re^7i.iST4rJiSS£%nnJ^^^^^^^^^ 

rrfe:M.t1  £T£"SSHrbr^^U  ^th  .r- 
Our  Blisteb  is  put  np  in  un  ooxeg  aim  wu*  oc  o^        j 

fcct  safety  to  «|yjP«*^*5SI  *  00,  El«»J«r,h  ?.»K  T«».-4. 


LOOK  WELL  TO  YOUR  HORSE'S  FEET. 


These   drawings   sIioav   how    many 

horses  arc  made  lame  and  pennanent- 

ly  injured  by  the  use  of  the  cold-cut 

and  SHEARED  POINTED  nalls.    This 

process  ofmauul'acture  produces  lam- 
ination, causing  the  iron  to  lorm  in 

layers,  and  when  driven  into  the  foot 

the  horny  fibres  of  wliich  the  hoof  is 
composed  cause  the  nail  to  separate  at  the  point  and  one  portion  passes  into  the  foot 

JNo.  4  represents  one  of  these  nails  Avhich  was  driven  into  the  hoof,  and  slivered  in 
anying,  one  thin  blade  passing  into  the  quick  or  sensitive  sole.   No.  5,  the  thick  blade 

w.  rp?:^vn^/f  f '^  "^^^  ^'^^^'^  ''''-^  ^''  "^'  }'''''/ J""''  Clinching.  After  a  few  civs  the  hSie 
wln\?^«-  1  ^"'^"^^'  ^^1-^'  upon  removal  of  the  shoe,  a  nail  similar  to  the  above  was 
K?nn  Hi  ^  leaving  a  sliver  in  the  foot;  Lockjaw  ensued,  from  which  the  horse  .lied. 
Lipon  dibsectmg  tlio  toot  a  portion  of  tlie  nail  was  found  to  have  penetrated  through  the 
Loflin  bone,  as  seen  m  iig.  2,  letter  A,  thus  sacrilicing  the  life  of  a  valuable  animal. 
.J  J  remedy  lies  vnth  the  mvner  of  the  horse  it  is  for  him  to  prohibit  any  cold-rolled 
oi  sheared  nails  being  used  in  his  horse's  feet.  The  only  Hot-Forged  and  Ha m- 
^f  r;?P''^^^^.,^°''?®  Shoe  Nail  in  the  VV^orld  that  is  not  cut,  clipped  nok 
tmf;  h^  ^^^-^'^  t"^*^! ^^^-*\'^  '^V^  will  not  split  in  driving  is  the  PUTNAM  NAIL.  See  that 
your  horse  is  shod  with  tliis  nail  and  avoid  aU  risks. 


This  drawing  was  made  from  the  nail 
taken  from  the  hoof  and  coflSn  bone,  as 
shown  in  Figs.  1  and  2. 


This  drawing  was  made  from  a  nail, 
showing  the  lamination  of  iron  in  the 
cold-rolled  and  shearing  process. 


Every  Putnam  nail  is  drawn  down  to  a  point  from  the  rod,  thus : 


The  illustrations  of  the  Putnam  Nails  are  very  interesting,  as  showing  the  superiority 
of  the  nails  made  by  the  hot-forged  process.  The  slivering  of  inferior  nails,  we  are  as- 
sured, is  not  overdrawn,  and  what  instruments  of  torture  such  jagged  iron  must  be  to 
y^ie  sensitive  foot  of  the  horse  can  be  imagined.  The  recommendations  of  these  Nails, 
(''  eigned  by  W.  H.  H.  Murray,  Robert  Bonner,  and  Budd  Doble,  speak  for  themselves, 
and  could  be  indefinitely  reduplicated.— T/te  Sjnrit  of  the  Times,  New  York,  November 
8, 1879. 

We  address  these  lines  to  HORSE  OWNERS,  because  they  are  the  parties  most  vital- 
ly interested.  We  feel  assured  that,  after  knowing  the  facts,  and  giving  the  subject  due 
consideration,  they  will,  in  company  with  such  gentlemen  as  Messrs.  BONNER,  IVRTR- 
RAY,  CHAS.  S.  GREEN,  BUDD  DOBI-E,  JAS.  Gi.  BKEEZE,  and  many  other  CELE- 
BRATED JUDGES  OF  HORSi:S,  INSIST  that  their  horses  must  be  shod  with  the 
Putnam  Hot  Forged  and  Hammer  Pointed  Nail.  A  few  months'  trial  will  always 
convince. 


P.  O.  Address, 
Neponset,  Maas. 


THE  PUTNAM  NAIL  COMPANY. 

BOSTON. 


